Mathis v. State

545 N.W.2d 548, 1996 Iowa Sup. LEXIS 67, 1996 WL 133220
CourtSupreme Court of Iowa
DecidedMarch 20, 1996
DocketNo. 94-1870
StatusPublished

This text of 545 N.W.2d 548 (Mathis v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Iowa primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Mathis v. State, 545 N.W.2d 548, 1996 Iowa Sup. LEXIS 67, 1996 WL 133220 (iowa 1996).

Opinion

SNELL, Justice.

Appellant, Richard Mathis, seeks postconviction relief from an assessment of medical costs for injuries to a prison guard. We affirm in part and remand.

I. Factual and Procedural Background

On April 24, 1998, Richard Mathis, an inmate at the Iowa State Reformatory, assaulted a prison correctional officer by striking him in the face with his closed fist. On April 30, 1993, Mathis received a copy of a disciplinary report filed on the basis of the incident. The report contained no reference to the guard’s medical bills or their amounts. On May 4, 1993, Mathis appeared before the prison Adjustment Committee and was found guilty according to prison rules. He was given thirty days disciplinary detention, 550 days level one disciplinary detention, and a [550]*550550 day deduction from good conduct time. He was also ordered to pay all medical costs associated with the incident. Because a substantial portion of the medical services needed by the guard were not yet known, Mathis was not then provided with an itemized account of the expenses.

Following completion of the prison disciplinary procedures, Mathis was prosecuted for the same incident in criminal court. He pled guilty to assault with serious injury and received a ten year sentence. He was ordered to make restitution in an amount between $1000 and $1500, the amount not reimbursed to the guard through workers’ compensation.

Mathis took part in the appellate procedures available at the prison, Iowa Code section 903A.3(2), and eventually filed a post-conviction relief petition under Iowa Code section 822.2(6) with the district court from the prison disciplinary hearing and received a postconviction trial. At this time, the department presented evidence of expenses totaling approximately $16,000 with over $9000 in medical expenses and $6000 in lost wages. The district court denied Mathis’ claim for relief from the assessment of all of these expenses.

Mathis appeals the oi’der of the district court in the prison disciplinary postconviction relief action upholding the department’s assessment of medical costs, alleging the department was without the authority to assess costs reimbursed by workers’ compensation, the department violated its own rules regarding the assessment of medical costs, and the assessment by the department was inappropriate in light of the pending criminal prosecution for the same incident. We affirm.

II. Authority to Assess Restitution

Our review of postconviction relief rulings is for correction of errors of law. Iowa R.App.P. 4; Giles v. State, 511 N.W.2d 622, 626 (Iowa 1994). Mathis first raises the argument that the department did not have the authority to assess the guard’s medical expenses and lost wages, at least to the extent they were reimbursed by workers’ compensation insurance. Mathis claims that because of the reimbursement the department did not directly incur any cost; therefore, it should not be allowed to assess these expenses to Mathis. The Department of Corrections clearly has the authority to assess the expenses an institution incurs as the result of an inmate’s rule violations. Overton v. State, 493 N.W.2d 857, 859-60 (Iowa 1992). In this case, the department has adopted such a rale:

An inmate may be assessed for destruction or theft of property, or other costs related to the rule violation, investigation, or hearing of reports. An itemized list of costs shall be attached to the decision with the inmate receiving a copy.

The Iowa courts have considered the authority to enact such rules and have upheld them where the department had incurred some sort of financial loss in connection with a violation. Mabrier v. State, 519 N.W.2d 84, 86 (Iowa 1994); Overton, 493 N.W.2d at 858-59; Sauls v. State, 467 N.W.2d 1, 3 (Iowa App.1990).

Mathis is correct in his statement the department must actually incur cost before an assessment may be made; however, application of the rule to this case does not change the result. Iowa courts have examined three situations in which assessment of costs to an inmate was appropriate. In Saids, two inmates threatened to kill a third inmate. Sauls, 467 N.W.2d at 2. He was then placed in a protective, segregated area of the prison and was unable to work at his prison job. Because the segregation was not the result of any act of his own, rather, the acts of the other two prisoners, the prison continued to pay his customary daily wage as if he had been working all along. The court of appeals held assessment of the cost of the inmate’s wages was proper. Id. at 3.

In Overton, this court upheld an assessment to a prisoner where a guard had been provided with eyeglasses to replace those broken in a scuffle with the prisoner. Overton, 493 N.W.2d at 858-59. In Mabrier, we extended this rule to cover the assessment of overtime pay incurred for guards in pursuit of an escapee. Mabrier, 519 N.W.2d at 86. Mabrier also challenged the calculation of his assessment, as he was charged with one-half [551]*551the expense of the guard’s overtime even though he was apprehended much sooner than his fellow escaped prisoners. Id. We held this was improper and explained, “Where the institution can attribute its expenses to the conduct of a specific inmate, it should assess those expenses as costs only against that inmate.” Id.

In the case at bar, Mathis argues that because the vast majority of the guard’s expenses (lost wages and medical bills) were reimbursed by workers’ compensation benefits, the department incurred no financial expense, and is without the authority to obtain an assessment against him. In this case, however, the record is clear the department expends substantial sums of money to secure workers’ compensation coverage. Evidence was presented establishing that individual administrative departments of the state are assessed a particular premium for their workers’ compensation coverage based on a rating formula. See Iowa Code § 19A.32 (1991). This amount is based on the state’s actual cost of workers’ compensation insurance for the particular department, which in turn is based on the number of claims made by the department. Therefore, the department does, in practical effect, make an expenditure each and every time a workers’ compensation claim is made.

At the district court proceeding, evidence was presented establishing that Mathis’ restitution payments for medical costs reimbursed by workers’ compensation were sent directly to the workers’ benefit fund. In this manner, the restitution appropriately reduced the premium rate to be calculated for the department. This is precisely the underlying purpose for the rule. As in Mabrier, because the increase in premiums may be directly associated with Mathis, it is within the authority of the department to assess this cost to Mathis in particular rather than the department as a whole.

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Related

Sauls v. State
467 N.W.2d 1 (Court of Appeals of Iowa, 1990)
Mabrier v. State
519 N.W.2d 84 (Supreme Court of Iowa, 1994)
Giles v. State
511 N.W.2d 622 (Supreme Court of Iowa, 1994)
State v. Wagner
484 N.W.2d 212 (Court of Appeals of Iowa, 1992)
Overton v. State
493 N.W.2d 857 (Supreme Court of Iowa, 1992)

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Bluebook (online)
545 N.W.2d 548, 1996 Iowa Sup. LEXIS 67, 1996 WL 133220, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/mathis-v-state-iowa-1996.