2 U.S. F DIL ISE TD R I IN C TT H CE O URT EASTERN DISTRICT OF WASHINGTON 3 Mar 22, 2022
4 SEAN F. MCAVOY, CLERK 5 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT EASTERN DISTRICT OF WASHINGTON 6
7 HADLEY M.,1 No. 4:20-cv-5179-EFS
8 Plaintiff, ORDER RULING ON CROSS 9 v. SUMMARY-JUDGMENT MOTIONS AND DIRECTING ENTRY OF 10 KILOLO KIJAKAZI, Acting JUDGMENT IN PLAINTIFF’S Commissioner of Social Security, FAVOR 11 Defendant. 12 13 14 Plaintiff Hadley M. appeals the denial of benefits by the Administrative Law 15 Judge (ALJ). Because the ALJ failed to provide clear and convincing reasons 16 supported by substantial evidence for discounting Plaintiff’s symptom reports, the 17 Court grants summary judgment in Plaintiff’s favor, reverses the ALJ’s decision, 18 and remands this matter for further proceedings. 19 20
21 1 To protect the privacy of the each social-security plaintiff, the Court refers to 22 them by first name and last initial or as “Plaintiff.” See LCivR 5.2(c). 23 1 I. Five-Step Disability Determination 2 A five-step sequential evaluation process is used to determine whether an 3 adult claimant is disabled.2 Step one assesses whether the claimant is engaged in 4 substantial gainful activity.3 If the claimant is engaged in substantial gainful 5 activity, benefits are denied.4 If not, the disability evaluation proceeds to step two.5 6 Step two assesses whether the claimant has a medically severe impairment 7 or combination of impairments that significantly limit the claimant’s physical or 8 mental ability to do basic work activities.6 If the claimant does not, benefits are 9 denied.7 If the claimant does, the disability evaluation proceeds to step three.8 10 Step three compares the claimant’s impairment or combination of 11 impairments to several recognized by the Commissioner as so severe as to preclude 12 substantial gainful activity.9 If an impairment or combination of impairments 13 14
15 2 20 C.F.R. § 416.920(a). 16 3 Id. § 416.920(a)(4)(i). 17 4 Id. § 416.920(b). 18 5 Id. 19 6 Id. § 416.920(a)(4)(ii). 20 7 Id. § 416.920(c). 21 8 Id. 22 9 Id. § 416.920(a)(4)(iii). 23 1 meets or equals one of the listed impairments, the claimant is conclusively 2 presumed to be disabled.10 If not, the disability evaluation proceeds to step four. 3 Step four assesses whether an impairment prevents the claimant from 4 performing work she performed in the past by determining the claimant’s residual 5 functional capacity (RFC).11 If the claimant can perform past work, benefits are 6 denied.12 If not, the disability evaluation proceeds to step five. 7 Step five, the final step, assesses whether the claimant can perform other 8 substantial gainful work—work that exists in significant numbers in the national 9 economy—considering the claimant’s RFC, age, education, and work experience.13 10 If so, benefits are denied. If not, benefits are granted.14 11 The claimant has the initial burden of establishing she is entitled to 12 disability benefits under steps one through four.15 At step five, the burden shifts to 13 the Commissioner to show the claimant is not entitled to benefits.16 14 15
16 10 20 C.F.R. § 416.920(d). 17 11 Id. § 416.920(a)(4)(iv). 18 12 Id. 19 13 Id. § 416.920(a)(4)(v); Kail v. Heckler, 722 F.2d 1496, 1497-98 (9th Cir. 1984). 20 14 20 C.F.R. § 416.920(g). 21 15 Parra v. Astrue, 481 F.3d 742, 746 (9th Cir. 2007). 22 16 Id. 23 1 II. Factual and Procedural Summary 2 On May 8, 2017, Plaintiff filed a Title 16 application alleging disability 3 beginning in 2015.17 Her claim was denied initially and on reconsideration.18 On 4 request, an administrative hearing was held before ALJ Mark Kim, who took 5 testimony from Plaintiff, the medical expert Ricardo Buitrago, Psy.D., and a 6 vocational expert.19 After the hearing, the ALJ issued a decision denying Plaintiff’s 7 disability application, finding: 8 Step one: Plaintiff had not engaged in substantial gainful activity 9 since the May 2017 application. 10 Step two: Plaintiff had the following medically determinable severe 11 impairments: lumbar degenerative disc disease, fibromyalgia, anxiety 12 disorder, major depressive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder 13 (PTSD), and somatic symptom disorder. 14 Step three: Plaintiff did not have an impairment or combination of 15 impairments that met or medically equaled the severity of one of the 16 listed impairments. 17
18 17 AR 257–62. Because the application filing date starts the relevant period for a 19 Title 16 claim, the ALJ appropriately considered whether Plaintiff was disabled 20 beginning May 8, 2017. 21 18 AR 179–82, 187–89. 22 19 AR 89–147. 23 1 RFC: Plaintiff had the RFC to perform light work except: 2 she can never climb ladders or scaffolds; occasionally stoop, kneel, crouch, crawl, or climb flights of stairs; she must 3 avoid all exposure to unprotected heights; she can perform simple, routine tasks with a reasoning level of 3 or less; she 4 can perform work with occasional job-related decision- making and occasional and simple changes in the work 5 setting; and work involving only occasional and superficial interaction with the public and coworkers. 6
Step four: Plaintiff was unable to perform past relevant work. 7 Step five: considering Plaintiff’s RFC, age, education, and work 8 history, Plaintiff could perform work that existed in significant 9 numbers in the national economy, such as production assembler, hand 10 packager, and electronics bench worker.20 11 When assessing the medical-opinion evidence, the ALJ found: 12 the reviewing testimony of Dr. Buitrago persuasive. 13 the examining opinion of CeCilia Cooper, Ph.D., and the reviewing 14 opinions of John Gilbert, Ph.D., and Matthew Comrie, Psy.D., 15 partially persuasive. 16 the treating opinion of Nancy Hillman, ARNP, and the reviewing 17 opinion of Debra Baylor, M.D., not persuasive. 18
19 20 21
22 20 AR 17–33. 23 1 The ALJ also found Plaintiff’s medically determinable impairments could 2 reasonably be expected to cause some of the alleged symptoms, but her statements 3 concerning the intensity, persistence, and limiting effects of those symptoms were 4 inconsistent with the medical evidence and other evidence.21 5 Plaintiff requested review of the ALJ’s decision by the Appeals Council, 6 which denied review.22 Plaintiff timely appealed to this Court and seeks relief on 7 the grounds that the ALJ improperly evaluated Plaintiff’s symptom reports and the 8 medical opinions and failed to conduct an adequate step-three and step-five 9 analysis. 10 III. Standard of Review 11 A district court’s review of the Commissioner’s final decision is limited.23 The 12 Commissioner’s decision is set aside “only if it is not supported by substantial 13 evidence or is based on legal error.”24 Substantial evidence is “more than a mere 14 scintilla but less than a preponderance; it is such relevant evidence as a reasonable 15 mind might accept as adequate to support a conclusion.”25 Moreover, because it is 16 the role of the ALJ—and not the Court—to weigh conflicting evidence, the Court 17
18 21 AR 25–26. 19 22 AR 1–6. 20 23 42 U.S.C. § 405(g). 21 24 Hill v. Astrue, 698 F.3d 1153, 1158 (9th Cir. 2012). 22 25 Id. at 1159 (quoting Sandgathe v. Chater, 108 F.3d 978, 980 (9th Cir. 1997)). 23 1 upholds the ALJ’s findings “if they are supported by inferences reasonably drawn 2 from the record.”26 The Court considers the entire record.27 3 Further, the Court may not reverse an ALJ decision due to a harmless 4 error.28 An error is harmless “where it is inconsequential to the ultimate 5 nondisability determination.”29 6 IV. Analysis 7 A. Plaintiff’s Symptom Reports: The ALJ consequentially erred. 8 Plaintiff argues the ALJ failed to provide clear and convincing reasons 9 supported by substantial evidence for rejecting her symptom reports. As is 10 explained below, the Court agrees. 11 1. Plaintiff’s Symptom Reports 12 The ALJ summarized Plaintiff’s symptom testimony as follows: 13 The claimant alleged experiencing pain whenever she stood or sat. She alleged she needed help when lifting anything over fifteen 14
15 26 Molina v. Astrue, 674 F.3d 1104, 1111 (9th Cir. 2012). 16 27 Lingenfelter v. Astrue, 504 F.3d 1028, 1035 (9th Cir. 2007) (The court “must 17 consider the entire record as a whole, weighing both the evidence that supports and 18 the evidence that detracts from the Commissioner's conclusion.”) (cleaned up); 19 Black v. Apfel, 143 F.3d 383, 386 (8th Cir. 1998) (“An ALJ’s failure to cite specific 20 evidence does not indicate that such evidence was not considered[.]”). 21 28 Molina, 674 F.3d at 1111. 22 29 Id. at 1115 (cleaned up). 23 1 pounds. She alleged specific limitations in lifting, walking, standing, sitting, squatting, bending, reaching, kneeling, and stair climbing. 2 She alleged she could only walk one city block. At the hearing, the claimant testified that she had triggers that would cause panic 3 attacks. She testified that she experienced fibromyalgia pain all over, and that her medications did not relieve that pain.30 4
5 In addition to this summarized testimony, Plaintiff also testified that her panic 6 attacks are triggered by smells or visual observations consistent with her prior 7 trauma, that she gets anxious in crowds causing her to shut down or start crying, 8 and that she gets frantic and cries when dealing with stress or unexpected 9 changes.31 She shared that when she drives a car she gets very anxious, causing 10 her to breath heavily and sweat.32 Plaintiff testified that the medication she takes 11 for her fibromyalgia pain makes her sleepy but she does not sleep well.33 She 12 testified that her mother-in-law lives with Plaintiff, Plaintiff’s husband, and their 13 two kids and helps with the cleaning and dishes. In addition, Plaintiff stated that 14 her husband cooks dinner and her grandfather comes over daily to help with the 15 garbage and tidying.34 Plaintiff reported that her energy and ability to concentrate 16 and stay on task is impacted by her anxiety and pain and therefore she needs 17
18 30 AR 25 (cleaned up). 19 31 AR 113–15. 20 32 AR 115–16. 21 33 AR 117, 135. 22 34 AR 118, 130. 23 1 regular reminders from others to do and finish tasks and that on “bad days” she 2 lies down for 30–90 minutes.35 Plaintiff testified that her pain and anxiety 3 symptoms wax and wane and that she also gets “knocked out with a migraine” 4 about twice a month.36 5 2. Standard and the ALJ’s Findings 6 Because the record does not contain affirmative evidence of malingering, the 7 ALJ was required to provide specific, clear, and convincing reasons supported by 8 substantial evidence for rejecting Plaintiff’s symptom reports after considering the 9 relevant factors.37 Factors to consider when evaluating the intensity, persistence, 10 and limiting effects of a claimant’s symptoms include: 1) daily activities; 2) the 11 location, duration, frequency, and intensity of pain or other symptoms; 3) factors 12 that precipitate and aggravate the symptoms; 4) the type, dosage, effectiveness, 13 and side effects of any medication the claimant takes or has taken to alleviate pain 14 or other symptoms; 5) treatment, other than medication, the claimant receives or 15 has received for relief of pain or other symptoms; 6) any non-treatment measures 16 the claimant uses or has used to relieve pain or other symptoms; and 7) any other 17
18 35 AR 120, 125–27, 130–31. 19 36 AR 122–26, 132–33, 136. 20 37 See 20 C.F.R. § 416.929(c); SSR 16-3p, 2016 WL 1119029, at *7; Ghanim v. 21 Colvin, 763 F.3d 1154, 1163 (9th Cir. 2014) (quoting Lingenfelter, 504 F.3d at 22 1036). 23 1 factors concerning the claimant’s functional limitations and restrictions due to pain 2 or other symptoms.38 3 Here, the ALJ discounted Plaintiff’s reported mental and physical symptoms 4 on the grounds that they were inconsistent with the objective medical evidence, 5 Plaintiff’s activities of daily living, and her “exceptionally weak work history.”39 6 3. Objective Medical Evidence 7 First, the ALJ discounted Plaintiff’s reported mental symptoms because they 8 were “not fully consistent with the available medical evidence of record.”40 9 Objective medical evidence—signs, laboratory findings, or both—is a relevant 10 factor for the ALJ to consider when assessing a claimant’s symptoms, as 11 “contradiction with the medical record is a sufficient basis for rejecting the 12 claimant’s subjective testimony.” 41 Yet, the ALJ cannot discount symptom reports 13 solely because they are not fully corroborated by the objective medical evidence.42 14 15
16 38 20 C.F.R. § 416.929(c); SSR 16-3p. 17 39 AR 26. 18 40 AR 26. 19 41Carmickle v. Comm’r, Soc. Sec. Admin., 533 F.3d 1155, 1161 (9th Cir. 2008); 20 20 C.F.R. § 416.902(k); 3 Soc. Sec. Law & Prac. § 36:26, Consideration of objective 21 medical evidence (2019). 22 42 Rollins v. Massanari, 261 F.3d 853, 857 (9th Cir. 2001). 23 1 Here, the ALJ found that Plaintiff “has had occasional indications of 2 distractibility or irritability but on the whole, her providers have generally 3 reported normal findings with only occasional anxiety, and generally normal 4 insight, judgment, concentration, thought content, and cognition.”43 In making this 5 finding, the ALJ relied on several mental-health findings during appointments for 6 physical conditions,44 a practice that is discouraged when the record includes 7 mental-health treatment notes.45 8
9 43 AR 26 (cleaned up). 10 44 See AR 26 (citing AR 427 (Jan. 2017: left knee injury); AR 433 (Nov. 2016: sore 11 throat and headache); AR 549 (Dec. 2016: rheumatology appointment); AR 580 12 (Oct. 2018: rheumatology); AR 634 (March: 2018: upper respiratory illness); AR 650 13 (Feb. 2018: neck pain: speech and behavior normal)). 14 45 See Diedrich v. Berryhill, 874 F.3d 634, 641 (9th Cir. 2017) (noting that courts do 15 “not necessarily expect” someone who is not a mental-health professional to 16 document observations about the claimant’s mental-health symptoms); Orn v. 17 Astrue, 495 F.3d 615, 634 (9th Cir. 2007) (requiring examination notes to be read in 18 their proper context); see also Jajo v. Astrue, 273 F. App’x 658, 660 (9th Cir. 2008) 19 (not reported) (“The ALJ relied on the lack of corroboration on the part of the 20 orthopedic consultant and various emergency room reports. However, the purpose 21 of those visits was not to assess [the claimant]’s mental health, and thus any lack 22 of corroboration is not surprising.”). 23 1 When focusing on the mental-health treatment notes, such as from the 2 medication-management appointments and the appointments for Plaintiff’s anxiety 3 and panic attacks, these records reflect that, consistent with Plaintiff’s reported 4 symptoms, her anxiety and resulting distractibility and irritability waxed and 5 waned. The mental health notes indicate that although Plaintiff had generally 6 normal thought content, cognition, and was cooperative, she was often observed as 7 anxious and, after December 2018, progressively noted to be distractible and/or 8 irritable. 46 As a whole, these records support Plaintiff’s claim that her anxiety, 9 distractibility, and irritability wax and wane: 10 June 2016: anxious appearing although her memory was intact and concentration adequate in the setting, with fair judgment and 11 insight.47 12 Sept. 2016: reporting anxious mood that is improving; bright affect; organized thought process; and good attention, concentration, insight, 13 and judgment.48 14 15 16
17 46 Ghanim, 763 F.3d at 1164 (finding the ALJ erred by rejecting the claimant’s 18 symptoms resulting from anxiety, depressive disorder, and PTSD on the basis that 19 claimant performed cognitively well during examination and had a generally 20 pleasant demeanor). 21 47 AR 382. 22 48 AR 389. 23 1 Aug. 2016: reporting anxious mood; congruent and bright affect, organized thought process, insight fair to good, and judgment good.49 2 Aug. 2016: cooperative, reporting anxious mood, congruent affect, 3 thought content included anxious themes, insight fair to good, and judgment good.50 4 Dec. 2016: cooperative, reporting okay mood and poor energy, full 5 range affect, insight fair to good, and good attention, concentration, and judgment.51 6 Feb. 2017: cooperative, reporting anxious mood, affect mildly 7 restricted, insight fair to good, and attention, concentration, and judgment good.52 8 June 2017: exhibiting anxious and depressed mood with normal 9 thought content.53 10 Sept. 2017: mood appears anxious although not depressed, with normal behavior, and she is cooperative and pleasant.54 11 Jan. 2018: mood appears anxious although not depressed and with normal thought content and behavior, and she is cooperative.55 12 Feb. 2018: mood appears anxious but not depressed, normal behavior 13 and thought content, and she is cooperative.56 14
15 49 AR 397. 16 50 AR 401. 17 51 AR 404. 18 52 AR 406. 19 53 AR 546. 20 54 AR 670. 21 55 AR 653. 22 56 AR 640. 23 1 March 2018: mood and behavior normal.57 2 May 2018: mood appears anxious, but not depressed, with normal behavior and thought content, and she is cooperative.58 3 Oct. 2018: normal mood, affect, behavior, judgment, thought content, 4 cognition, and memory.59 5 Dec. 2018: anxious appearing, anxious and depressed mood, affect congruent to mood, tearful, ruminating and catastrophizing, 6 distractible at times, but cooperative, friendly, with good insight, judgment, and recent and remote memory.60 7 Feb. 2019: distractible, irritable mood, affect appropriate in the 8 setting, and she is calm and cooperative with good judgment, insight, and memory.61 9 March 2019: distractible with overwhelmed mood and down affect, 10 although cooperative with normal thought process, intact memory, and good judgment and insight.62 11 Aug. 2019: irritable mood, tired affect, and fair concentration.63 12 Sept. 2019: some distraction, stressed-out mood, tired and down affect, okay fund of knowledge, and good insight and judgment except when 13 in context of high anxiety, with intact memory and cooperative.64 14
15 57 AR 629. 16 58 AR 613. 17 59 AR 589. 18 60 AR 834. 19 61 AR 840. 20 62 AR 846. 21 63 AR 945–48. 22 64 AR 967. 23 1 Oct. 2019: crying throughout appointment, distractible, depressed, and anxious with emotional dysregulation and congruent affect, 2 although she was cooperative with appropriate behavior and fair to good insight and judgment when not exhibiting high anxiety and 3 stress.65 4 The record also contains an August 2018 medical note that reflects Plaintiff 5 became upset and yelled at staff and her own son when Plaintiff sought care for a 6 painful wrist and was advised that there were no available appointments.66 7 Plaintiff also informed Nurse Hillmer, who manages her medication, that her 8 husband would not let her be home alone with the kids because of her irritability.67 9 Without more of an explanation by the ALJ as to why Plaintiff’s reported 10 difficulties with anxiety, distractibility, and irritability were inconsistent with the 11 medical evidence of record, the ALJ’s finding that Plaintiff “has had occasional 12 indications of distractibility or irritability” is not a clear and convincing reason 13 supported by substantial evidence to discount her reported waxing mental-health 14 symptoms,68 particularly from December 2018 onward. 15 4. Activities of Daily Living 16 The ALJ discounted Plaintiff’s allegation of disability because it was 17 inconsistent with her level of daily activity. If a claimant can spend a substantial 18
19 65 AR 986–90. 20 66 AR 596. 21 67 AR 829–30. 22 68 See Holohan v. Massanari, 246 F.3d 1195, 1205 (9th Cir. 2001). 23 1 part of the day engaged in pursuits involving the performance of exertional or non- 2 exertional activities, the ALJ may find these activities inconsistent with the 3 reported disabling symptoms.69 However, general findings as to activities and 4 inconsistency are insufficient; “rather, the ALJ must identify what testimony is not 5 credible and what evidence undermines the claimant’s complaints.”70 6 Here, the ALJ highlighted Plaintiff reported 1) she “cleaned ‘a lot’ because 7 her household included herself, her husband, her own children, and her husband’s 8 adult cousin and family, including two young children, two dogs, and a cat,” 2) she 9 and her husband raised chickens, 3) she did the laundry and dishes with 10 accommodations, 4) she did vinyl crafts for 15–20 minutes at a time, and 5) she 11 homeschooled her then three-year-old son, and her then one-year-old son had 12 special needs.71 13 Without more explanation by the ALJ, these activities do not constitute clear 14 and convincing reasons supported by substantial evidence to discount Plaintiff’s 15 reported allegations about her difficulties concentrating and staying on task, 16
17 69 Molina, 674 F.3d at 1113. 18 70 Ghanim, 763 F.3d at 1163 (quoting Lester v. Chater, 81 F.3d 821, 834 (9th Cir. 19 1996)); see also Thomas v. Barnhart, 278 F.3d 947, 958 (9th Cir. 2002) (requiring 20 that an ALJ sufficiently explain why he discounted the claimant’s symptom 21 claims)). 22 71 AR 26. 23 1 particularly on days that her anxiety, depression, fibromyalgia, PTSD, and somatic 2 symptom disorder flare. As the Ninth Circuit has emphasized, “many home 3 activities are not easily transferable to what may be the more grueling 4 environment of the workplace, where it might be impossible to periodically rest or 5 take medication.”72 And the Ninth Circuit has repeatedly asserted, “the mere fact 6 that a plaintiff has carried on certain daily activities, such as grocery shopping, 7 driving a car, or limited walking for exercise, does not in any way detract from her 8 credibility as to her overall disability.”73 9 First, Plaintiff’s comment during the psychological examination with Dr. 10 Cooper about cleaning “a lot” must be read in the context of the other activities of 11 daily living reported wherein she states that she needs help bathing and dressing, 12 her husband cooks, she uses a grabber to get clothes out of the washer and dryer, 13 she sits on a stool to wash dishes, her husband vacuums, and she naps with her 14 children for 40–60 minutes per day, but she is still exhausted by 2:00 p.m. 15 everyday.74 16 Second, without further explanation by the ALJ, that Plaintiff can engage in 17 tasks that last relatively short periods of time, like caring for pets and chickens, 18 doing the laundry and dishes (with accommodation for her physical limitations), 19
20 72 Trevizo v. Berryhill, 871 F.3d 664, 682 (9th Cir. 2017). 21 73 Vertigan v. Halter, 260 F.3d 1044, 1050 (9th Cir. 2001). 22 74 AR 563–67. 23 1 and crafts is not a clear and convincing reason supported by substantial evidence to 2 discount her reported non-exertional symptoms. Moreover, consistent with 3 Plaintiff’s report that living with her husband’s cousin’s family was difficult, 4 Plaintiff and her family transitioned to residing with her grandfather who helped 5 out with household chores. And later when Plaintiff’s grandfather moved out (but 6 still came by daily to help tidy the house), Plaintiff’s mother-in-law moved in to 7 help with household chores.75 8 Finally, the ALJ failed to meaningfully explain how Plaintiff’s care of her 9 two young children is inconsistent with her reported symptoms given that she was 10 able to nap with her children daily.76 11 The ALJ failed to meaningfully explain how these activities are inconsistent 12 with Plaintiff’s reported difficulties persisting and sustaining concentration and 13 mood for a workday. On this record, Plaintiff’s activities of daily living are not a 14 clear and convincing reason supported by substantial evidence to discount her 15 reported non-exertional symptoms. 16 5. Prior Work History 17 The ALJ found that Plaintiff’s “exceptionally weak work history” suggested 18 that her unemployment was not related to her impairments.77 While evidence of a 19
20 75 See, e.g., AR 118, 129–31, 833, 846, 965. 21 76 AR 218, 433. 22 77 AR 26. 23 1 poor work history may reflect that a claimant is not motivated to work,78 the ALJ 2 did not support his one-sentence finding with any analysis or supporting evidence. 3 Instead, the record reflects that Plaintiff attended two years of college and 4 received a certification in phlebotomy and she worked part-time from 2006 to 5 2013.79 These steps indicate a desire to improve her situation, rather than a lack of 6 motivation, and consistent therewith Plaintiff expressed frustration during a 7 psychological examination that she was not able to work and help with the family’s 8 finances.80 Plaintiff also dealt with traumatic events in 2012 and 2015, as well as 9 experienced the birth of her children in 2014 and 2016.81 10 6. Consequential Error 11 Because the ALJ did not articulate specific, clear, and convincing reasons to 12 reject Plaintiff’s reported symptoms, Plaintiff establishes the ALJ erred by 13 discounting her mental symptom reports.82 And this error was consequential.83 If 14 Plaintiff’s reported unpredictable difficulties pertaining to concentration, focus, 15
16 78 20 C.F.R. § 416.929 (assessing work record); see Thomas, 278 F.3d at 959. 17 79 AR 278–79. 18 80 AR 564. 19 81 AR 380–81, 563–64. 20 82 Because the ALJ consequentially erred as to Plaintiff’s mental symptoms, the 21 Court does not address the ALJ’s analysis of Plaintiff’s physical symptoms. 22 83 Lingenfelter, 504 F.3d at 1035. 23 1 avoidance, and mood are credited and included in the RFC, Plaintiff is unable to 2 maintain competitive employment. The vocational expert testified that if an 3 individual is off task 20 percent or more of the workday, is absent more than twice 4 a month, is off task 30–90 minutes of the day, requires reminders every 5 30 minutes, frequently requests help from coworkers or supervisors, or lies down 6 20–90 minutes at work, then the individual is unable to sustain competitive 7 employment.84 Moreover, the ALJ’s finding that the record “generally shows good 8 concentration,” impacted his assessment of the medical evidence, including Dr. 9 Cooper’s opinion and Nurse Hillmer’s opinions.85 10 B. Remand for further proceedings. 11 Plaintiff submits a remand for payment of benefits is warranted. 12 A district court “ordinarily must remand to the agency for further 13 proceedings before directing an award of benefits.”86 The “credit-as-true” rule, on 14 which Plaintiff relies, is a “rare and prophylactic exception to the ordinary remand 15 16
17 84 AR 143–45. 18 85 See AR 27 (“As already discussed, these notes do show some issues with 19 occasional distractibility, irritability, and anxiety, but they do not document any 20 significant deficits in insight, judgment, memory, abnormal thoughts, speech, 21 though process, or fund of knowledge.”). 22 86 Leon v. Berryhill, 800 F.3d 1041, 1045 (9th Cir. 2017). 23 1 rule.”87 For the Court to remand for award of benefits, three conditions must be 2 satisfied: 3 (1) the record has been fully developed and further administrative proceedings would serve no useful purpose; (2) the ALJ has failed to 4 provide legally sufficient reasons for rejecting evidence, whether claimant testimony or medical opinion; and (3) if the improperly 5 discredited evidence were credited as true, the ALJ would be required to find the claimant disabled on remand.88 6 Here, the second and third conditions are met. The ALJ failed to provide 7 legally sufficient reasons for discounting Plaintiff’s symptom reports and, if 8 Plaintiff’s symptom reports are credited as true, she would be considered disabled. 9 However, it is not clear whether her mental (and physical) symptoms wax to such 10 an extent that she is unable to sustain employment during the alleged disability 11 period. Further proceedings are necessary. 12 On remand, the ALJ is to supplement the record with recent medical 13 records, reconsider the medical evidence and Plaintiff’s symptom reports, and 14 meaningfully reevaluate the sequential process. Because Plaintiff’s somatic 15 symptom disorder indicates a connection between Plaintiff’s physical and mental 16 symptoms, the ALJ is to reevaluate both Plaintiff’s physical and mental symptoms. 17 18 19 20
21 87 Id. 22 88 Garrison v. Colvin, 759 F.3d 995, 1020 (9th Cir. 2014). 23 1 In addition, the ALJ is to consider whether Plaintiff’s mental conditions 2 progressively worsened since the application was filed.89 3 V. Conclusion 4 Accordingly, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED: 5 1. Plaintiff’s Motion for Summary Judgment, ECF No. 22, is 6 GRANTED. 7 2. The Commissioner’s Motion for Summary Judgment, ECF No. 23, is 8 DENIED. 9 3. The decision of the ALJ is REVERSED, and this matter is 10 REMANDED for further proceedings consistent with this order. 11 4. The Clerk’s Office shall enter JUDGMENT in favor of Plaintiff. 12 5. The case shall be CLOSED. 13 IT IS SO ORDERED. The Clerk’s Office is directed to file this Order and 14 provide copies to all counsel. 15 DATED this 22nd day of March 2022. 16
s/Edward F. Shea ___________ 17 EDWARD F. SHEA Senior United States District Judge 18 19
20 89 Smith v. Kijakazi, 14 F.4th 1108, 1112–13 (9th Cir. 2021) (requiring the ALJ to 21 consider the progression of an impairment when assessing the claimant’s symptom 22 reports). 23