Marzo v. Zoning Hearing Board

373 A.2d 463, 30 Pa. Commw. 225, 1977 Pa. Commw. LEXIS 860
CourtCommonwealth Court of Pennsylvania
DecidedMay 18, 1977
DocketAppeal, No. 963 C.D. 1976
StatusPublished
Cited by17 cases

This text of 373 A.2d 463 (Marzo v. Zoning Hearing Board) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Marzo v. Zoning Hearing Board, 373 A.2d 463, 30 Pa. Commw. 225, 1977 Pa. Commw. LEXIS 860 (Pa. Ct. App. 1977).

Opinion

Opinion by

Judge Wilkinson, Jr.,

Appellants appeal a decision of the Montgomery County Court of Common Pleas which affirmed appellee’s refusal of their application to continue a radiator repair business in the garage of their residence located within a residential zone. We affirm.

The parties have submitted an agreed-upon statement of the case. Appellants own and occupy property within a residential zone which is improved with a single-family detached dwelling and a detached wooden garage located 12 to 13 feet from the rear property line. Within the garage, although no sign on the premises indicates its existence, appellants have operated a shop for the repair of automobile radiators for at least ten and perhaps 15 years as of 1975. Appellants admit that the shop has always been in violation of the local zoning ordinance and does not constitute a nonconforming use.

Sometime in 1966, intervening appellee’s then zoning officer sent a letter to appellants concerning the zoning violation. No further action was taken by either appellee or intervening appellee until January 24, 1974, when the present zoning officer advised appellants that the shop was in violation of the zoning-ordinance. On September 23, 1974, the zoning officer sent appellants a certified letter citing the violation and giving them 30 days in which to relocate the business.

Appellant-husband testified that the interveningappellee had taken no action against him since the [228]*228letter nine years before, even though it had actual notice of his operation subsequent to that time because he had performed repairs on some of its vehicles. It developed, however, that he had done such work for another commercial facility where intervening appellee regularly sends its trucks for repairs.

At the hearing 35 persons signed as being opposed to the application and ten as in favor. Appellants’ next-door neighbor testified that to, the best of his recollection the shop had been in existence no more than 12 years. His wife testified that it was only in operation ten years. She testified further that the shop was operated seven days a week at varying hours (including some evenings) and that it constituted a fire hazard. Both stated that the operation was very noisy. A neighbor living to the rear of the shop testified that it emitted black smoke.

Appellant-husband indicated that he wbuld comply with conditions that he not conduct his business during Saturday, Sunday or evenings. Despite this offer, and the fact that there have been at least three other nonresidential uses of property within the zone,1 appellee denied appellants’ application. On appeal, the common pleas court remanded the case with directions that appellee and intervening appellee be represented by different solicitors, although intervening appellee had not participated in either the hearing before appellee nor the appeal to the court below. On November 7, 1975, intervening appellee’s building inspector reported that the premises were in violation of the zoning ordinance because radiator repair shops were not allowed in the zone and that the change of use of the garage required it to have masonry construction. However, the township health officer and fire marshal reported no violations.

[229]*229A subsequent hearing was held on November 16, 1975. Testimony of eight persons and letters of 79 were received in opposition to appellants’ application. One resident testified in favor. The same next-door neighbors who had testified in the first hearing testified that several persons had driven to the shop to drop off radiators and that black smoke and fumes were being emitted from it. A new resident, living next door on the other side, testified that banging noises could be heard from appellants’ property on occasional days (including Saturdays and Sundays) and at least one evening within a two-week period. Appellant-husband stated that he would not conduct his business either on Sunday or in the evenings. He requested that appellee grant a temporary variance, subject to such conditions as appellee might impose, for a period of eight years from the date of the first zoning hearing.

On December 17, 1975, appellants’ application was again denied. An appeal to the common plea's court was dismissed on May 6, 1976, from which this appeal was taken. On June 15, 1976, counsel for intervening appellee filed an entry of appearance and notice of intervention and re-filed a notice of intervention on September 9, 1976, because appellants had filed a petition to strike the previous intervention. On September 17, 1976 this Court, by President Judge Bowman, denied appellants’ petition.

Appellants’ first argument is that they have a “vested right” to continue their business. They contend that they operated the business openly in violation of the zoning ordinance for 15 years, that intervening appellee had actual notice of such use for the last nine years, and therefore intervening appellee’s failure to object throughout that time requires the imposition. of laches against any present claim of violation. We cannot agree. The record shows that the [230]*230only irregularity by the intervening appellee was mere delay in enforcing its zoning ordinance, and as we have recently stated, “mere delay in enforcement does not create a vested right to use property in violation of zoning regulations.” Lewis v. Zoning Hearing Board of Lower Gwynedd Township, 24 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 574, 576, 357 A.2d 725, 726 (1976).

Appellants contend, however, that the case falls within the rationale expressed by our Supreme Court in Heidorn Appeal, 412 Pa. 570, 195 A.2d 349 (1963) and by this Court in Township of Haverford v. Spica, 16 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 326, 328 A.2d 878 (1974). In Heidorn, an esthetically objectionable front stoop and overhang, in violation of setback requirements for residential property, were replaced by a far more attractive stoop which remained in violation of the same requirements. The municipality there waited until the new stoop had been installed, several years after the initial time of violation, before objecting. Our Supreme Court held that under the unique circumstances a finding of laches was warranted against the municipality. Heidorn, however, differs substantially from the instant case. First, the Supreme Court noted in its opinion that the new stoop “in no way impedes enjoyment by others of their property.” Heidorn, supra at'574, 195 A.2d at 351. Here, testimony of several neighbors indicates that appellants’ operation emits noise, smoke and fumes and may constitute a fire hazard. Further, as this Court observed in Dewald v. Board of Adjustment, 13 Pa. Commonwealth Ct. 303, 320 A.2d 922 (1974):

Also, in Heidorn Appeal, there was no finding, as there is here, that the violation was a threat to the public health, safety, or morals. Indeed, in Heidorn Appeal, not only were there no protestants, indeed 75 neighbors signed a petition asking that the variance be granted. Here, [231]*231the neighbors were protesting and testifying at length concerning the adverse effect of the violation.

Id.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
373 A.2d 463, 30 Pa. Commw. 225, 1977 Pa. Commw. LEXIS 860, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/marzo-v-zoning-hearing-board-pacommwct-1977.