Marion Linden v. Tyson Foods, Inc.

• Court: Court of Appeals of Iowa
• Decided: October 1, 2014
• Docket: 14-0141
• Status: Published

Opinion

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF IOWA

No. 14-0141 Filed October 1, 2014

MARION LINDEN, Petitioner-Appellant,

vs.

TYSON FOODS, INC., Respondent-Appellee. ________________________________________________________________

Appeal from the Iowa District Court for Polk County, Robert J. Blink,

Judge.

A worker appeals from the district court’s judicial review decision affirming

the workers’ compensation commission’s decision. AFFIRMED.

Willis J. Hamilton of Hamilton Law Firm, P.C., Storm Lake, for appellant.

Timothy A. Clausen and Deena A. Townley of Klass Law Firm, L.L.P.,

Sioux City, for appellee.

Considered by Potterfield, P.J., and Tabor and Mullins, JJ. 2

MULLINS, J.

Marion Linden appeals the district court’s judicial review decision that

affirmed the workers’ compensation commissioner’s ruling awarding her benefits

for a scheduled member injury to her right arm. She asserts the agency

incorrectly interpreted the law regarding when a scheduled-member injury

becomes a body-as-a-whole injury. She also claims the agency decision is not

supported by substantial evidence and should be remanded for the agency to

calculate her industrial disability. Because we conclude the agency correctly

interpreted the applicable law and substantial evidence supports the agency’s

decision, we affirm the judicial review decision of the district court.

Linden suffered a severe comminuted facture of her right elbow as a result

of a fall at work. The employer accepted the injury and provided benefits for the

right upper extremity as a scheduled-member injury. However, Linden asserts

the injury has affected her shoulder, converting her scheduled-member injury into

a body-as-a-whole injury. See Iowa Code § 85.34(2)(m), (u) (2011). The agency

disagreed and awarded her disability benefits based only on her right upper

extremity impairment. The district court affirmed the agency’s conclusions on

judicial review, stating the agency “correctly noted ‘[t]he situs of the impairment is

the anatomical location of the physical damage or derangement.’”

Linden first alleges the agency incorrectly interpreted the applicable law

regarding when a scheduled member injury converts to a body-as-a-whole 3

injury.1 The agency correctly noted, “An injury to a scheduled member may,

because of after effects or compensatory change, result in permanent

impairment of the body as a whole. Such impairment may in turn be the basis for

a rating of industrial disability.” See Lauhoff Grain Co. v. McIntosh, 395 N.W.2d

834, 837 (Iowa 1986) (“‘[T]he great majority of modern decisions agree that, if the

effects of the loss of the member extend to other parts of the body and interfere

with their efficiency, the scheduled allowance for the lost member is not

exclusive.’” (citing 2 A. Larson, The Law of Workmens’ Compensation § 58.21, at

10–222 to 10–243 (1979))); see also Dowell v. Wagler, 509 N.W.2d 134, 138

(Iowa Ct. App. 1993) (finding phantom pain syndrome may be compensated as

an unscheduled injury to the body as a whole which resulted after the worker’s

arm was amputated below the elbow). We conclude the agency correctly

interpreted the applicable law.

Linden’s second claim on appeal is that the agency was wrong when it

chose to disbelieve Linden’s complaints of pain in her shoulder. This challenge

addresses the agency’s factual finding, rather than its legal interpretation. “The

commissioner, as trier of fact, has a duty to weigh the evidence and measure the

credibility of witnesses.” Cedar Rapids Cmty. Sch. Dist. v. Pease, 807 N.W.2d

839, 845 (Iowa 2011). The agency is also charged with the duty to accept or

reject expert testimony. Id. Our job on judicial review is simply to see if

“substantial evidence supports a finding ‘according to those witnesses whom the

1 See Waldinger Corp. v. Mettler, 817 N.W.2d 1, 5–6 (Iowa 2012) (outlining the applicable scope and standard of review for judicial review actions that involve the agency’s interpretation of law). 4

[commissioner] believed.’” Arndt v. City of Le Claire, 728 N.W.2d 389, 395 (Iowa

2007) (citation omitted).

The agency gave greatest weight to Linden’s statements of pain contained

in the physical therapy records, concluding these statements were made in the

course of Linden’s recovery and not as part of the litigation process, such as her

statement to her independent medical examination (IME) physician or Linden’s

hearing testimony. The agency recounted Linden’s complaints of shoulder pain

to her physical therapist and noted that as of February 15, 2010, Linden said her

shoulder was feeling better.2

The agency also credited the testimony of the treating physician and the

employer’s IME examiner, who opined the injury was confined to Linden’s right

elbow and does not extend to her right shoulder. The agency found these

opinions more consistent with the overall medical evidence than the opinions of

Linden’s IME physician who asserted her injury was to her body as a whole as a

result of neuropathic pain extending from the elbow to the shoulder and the loss

of the range of motion in the shoulder. We find substantial evidence to support

the agency’s factual findings. While the result may have been different had the

agency believed Linden and her IME physician, “[e]vidence is not insubstantial

merely because different conclusions may be drawn from the evidence.” Pease,

807 N.W.2d at 845.

AFFIRMED.

2 The agency also noted Linden had a separate nonwork related injury to her right shoulder over New Year’s 2010.