NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court." Although it is posted on the internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R. 1:36-3.
SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY APPELLATE DIVISION DOCKET NO. A-1534-17T3
MARIELA MARTINEZ,
Plaintiff-Appellant/ Cross-Respondent,
v.
KEVIN J. HERDER and NEWARK POLICE DEPARTMENT,
Defendants,
and
CITY OF NEWARK,
Defendant/Third-Party Plaintiff- Respondent/Cross-Appellant,
NATIONAL CONTINENTAL INSURANCE COMPANY and PROGRESSIVE INSURANCE COMPANY,
Third-Party Defendants. ________________________________ Argued August 1, 2019 – Decided September 5, 2019
Before Judges Whipple and Firko.
On appeal from the Superior Court of New Jersey, Law Division, Essex County, Docket No. L-8529-14.
Michael F. Wiseberg argued the cause for appellant/cross-respondent.
Wilson David Antoine argued the cause for respondent/cross-appellant (Kenyatta K. Stewart, Acting Corporation Counsel, attorney; Wilson David Antoine, Assistant Corporation Counsel, on the briefs).
PER CURIAM
In this automobile negligence action, plaintiff Mariela Martinez appeals
from a September 29, 2017 Law Division order granting defendant, City of
Newark, summary judgment dismissal of her claim seeking payment of her
medical expenses as an eligible injured person under her husband's special
automobile insurance policy authorized by N.J.S.A. 39:6B-1(c) and as described
in N.J.S.A. 39:6A-3.3. Plaintiff also appeals from the November 3, 2017 order
denying her motion for reconsideration of the September 29, 2017 order. The
A-1534-17T3 2 City filed a protective cross-appeal seeking affirmance of both orders. We
affirm both orders.1
I.
The underlying facts are undisputed. On March 5, 2013, a City truck
operated by its employee, Kevin Herder, rear-ended the Hyundai Elantra
operated by plaintiff and owned by her husband, Enzell Martinez. Enzell
certified that on the day of the accident, he gave plaintiff permission to operate
the Elantra "because she needed to use it to go to a job interview that day." At
her deposition, plaintiff testified she and her husband owned two cars at the time
of the accident and that she drove the Elantra "every other day." Plaintiff was
uninsured on the day of the accident, but her husband had a special insurance
policy with National Continental Insurance Company (NCIC) insuring the
Elantra that only afforded emergency personal injury protection and death
benefit coverage. 2 Enzell qualified for this special insurance because he was
receiving Medicaid benefits at the relevant time. The NCIC policy is limited by
N.J.S.A. 39:6A-3.3(a), which provides:
1 On August 27, 2018, we denied the City's motion, M-8974-17, to suppress the appeal or strike portions of plaintiff's brief and appendix but permitted the City to present its arguments in its opposition brief. 2 Commonly referred to as the Dollar-A-Day plan. A-1534-17T3 3 In order to assist certain low income individuals in this State and encourage their greater compliance in satisfying the mandatory private passenger automobile insurance requirements, the Legislature intends to establish a special automobile insurance policy. The special automobile insurance policy shall be offered only to individuals who qualify for and are actively covered by designated government subsidized programs in the State. For the purpose of this section, "eligible low income individual" means an individual who meets the income criteria established by the commissioner by regulation. In setting the low income criteria, the commissioner shall limit availability to those persons eligible and enrolled in the federal Medicaid program.
Section N of Enzell's NCIC policy defined "named insured" as:
the person named as the insured on the Policy Declarations who is eligible for and enrolled in the Federal Medicaid program, as defined by the New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance, and is a licensed, registered owner of a private passenger auto registered or principally garaged in New Jersey.
The NCIC policy defined dependent as a "dependent member of the named
insured's family, as defined in the Federal Medicaid Program, who resides in the
same household and is enrolled in the Medicaid Program as defined by the New
Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance." Plaintiff admitted at her
deposition that she is neither a named insured, nor a Medicaid covered family
member under her husband's policy.
The policy defines an eligible injured person as:
A-1534-17T3 4 1. the named insured or any dependent of the named insured, if the named insured or dependent sustains bodily injury
a. as a result of any accident while occupying, entering into, alighting from, or using a private passenger auto . . . .
The NCIC policy only provided emergency injury protection benefits up
to $250,000. In her certification submitted in opposition to the City's summary
judgment motion, plaintiff stated, "[l]ess than [thirty] days before [the] collision,
I became a citizen of the United States." "I therefore did not qualify for
Medicaid on the date of the collision . . . ."
Following the accident, plaintiff was transported to University Hospital
where she was evaluated, prescribed pain medication, and discharged that day.
According to plaintiff, she sustained an L5-S1 disc herniation and disc bulges at
C4-5, C5-6, and C6-7 and underwent "multiple epidural injections" as a result
of the collision. 3 Our review of the record reveals no expert medical opinion
was served on behalf of plaintiff addressing her diagnoses, prognoses, or
permanency of any of her injuries proximately caused by the accident.
The trial court found "[n]either party disputes that [p]laintiff was not
covered by Medicaid at the time of the accident[,]" and "[t]aking Section II(E)
3 Plaintiff did not provide any healthcare records or reports in her appendix. A-1534-17T3 5 on its face, however, to be eligible as a dependent of an insured an individual
must be enrolled under Medicaid." Therefore, the trial court concluded,
"[p]laintiff is not covered under the NCIC special automobile insurance policy."
On appeal, plaintiff argues one point: as a permissive user of her
husband's vehicle on the date of the collision, she met the definition of an
eligible injured person as defined in the NCIC special automobile insurance
policy, entitling her to emergency medical expense coverage, even though she
was not and could not be enrolled in the Medicaid program under a "catch-all"
category for individuals injured while operating a vehicle but who are not a
named insured or a dependent of the insured. We see no merit to plaintiff's
argument.
II.
[W]e "review the trial court's grant of summary judgment de novo under
the same standard as the trial court." Templo Fuente De Vida Corp. v. Nat'l
Union Fire Ins. Co. of Pittsburgh, 224 N.J. 189, 199 (2016). A motion for
summary judgment should be granted "if the pleadings, depositions, answers to
interrogatories and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any, show
that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact challenged and that the
moving party is entitled to a judgment or order as a matter of law." R. 4:46-
A-1534-17T3 6 2(c).
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NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court." Although it is posted on the internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R. 1:36-3.
SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY APPELLATE DIVISION DOCKET NO. A-1534-17T3
MARIELA MARTINEZ,
Plaintiff-Appellant/ Cross-Respondent,
v.
KEVIN J. HERDER and NEWARK POLICE DEPARTMENT,
Defendants,
and
CITY OF NEWARK,
Defendant/Third-Party Plaintiff- Respondent/Cross-Appellant,
NATIONAL CONTINENTAL INSURANCE COMPANY and PROGRESSIVE INSURANCE COMPANY,
Third-Party Defendants. ________________________________ Argued August 1, 2019 – Decided September 5, 2019
Before Judges Whipple and Firko.
On appeal from the Superior Court of New Jersey, Law Division, Essex County, Docket No. L-8529-14.
Michael F. Wiseberg argued the cause for appellant/cross-respondent.
Wilson David Antoine argued the cause for respondent/cross-appellant (Kenyatta K. Stewart, Acting Corporation Counsel, attorney; Wilson David Antoine, Assistant Corporation Counsel, on the briefs).
PER CURIAM
In this automobile negligence action, plaintiff Mariela Martinez appeals
from a September 29, 2017 Law Division order granting defendant, City of
Newark, summary judgment dismissal of her claim seeking payment of her
medical expenses as an eligible injured person under her husband's special
automobile insurance policy authorized by N.J.S.A. 39:6B-1(c) and as described
in N.J.S.A. 39:6A-3.3. Plaintiff also appeals from the November 3, 2017 order
denying her motion for reconsideration of the September 29, 2017 order. The
A-1534-17T3 2 City filed a protective cross-appeal seeking affirmance of both orders. We
affirm both orders.1
I.
The underlying facts are undisputed. On March 5, 2013, a City truck
operated by its employee, Kevin Herder, rear-ended the Hyundai Elantra
operated by plaintiff and owned by her husband, Enzell Martinez. Enzell
certified that on the day of the accident, he gave plaintiff permission to operate
the Elantra "because she needed to use it to go to a job interview that day." At
her deposition, plaintiff testified she and her husband owned two cars at the time
of the accident and that she drove the Elantra "every other day." Plaintiff was
uninsured on the day of the accident, but her husband had a special insurance
policy with National Continental Insurance Company (NCIC) insuring the
Elantra that only afforded emergency personal injury protection and death
benefit coverage. 2 Enzell qualified for this special insurance because he was
receiving Medicaid benefits at the relevant time. The NCIC policy is limited by
N.J.S.A. 39:6A-3.3(a), which provides:
1 On August 27, 2018, we denied the City's motion, M-8974-17, to suppress the appeal or strike portions of plaintiff's brief and appendix but permitted the City to present its arguments in its opposition brief. 2 Commonly referred to as the Dollar-A-Day plan. A-1534-17T3 3 In order to assist certain low income individuals in this State and encourage their greater compliance in satisfying the mandatory private passenger automobile insurance requirements, the Legislature intends to establish a special automobile insurance policy. The special automobile insurance policy shall be offered only to individuals who qualify for and are actively covered by designated government subsidized programs in the State. For the purpose of this section, "eligible low income individual" means an individual who meets the income criteria established by the commissioner by regulation. In setting the low income criteria, the commissioner shall limit availability to those persons eligible and enrolled in the federal Medicaid program.
Section N of Enzell's NCIC policy defined "named insured" as:
the person named as the insured on the Policy Declarations who is eligible for and enrolled in the Federal Medicaid program, as defined by the New Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance, and is a licensed, registered owner of a private passenger auto registered or principally garaged in New Jersey.
The NCIC policy defined dependent as a "dependent member of the named
insured's family, as defined in the Federal Medicaid Program, who resides in the
same household and is enrolled in the Medicaid Program as defined by the New
Jersey Department of Banking and Insurance." Plaintiff admitted at her
deposition that she is neither a named insured, nor a Medicaid covered family
member under her husband's policy.
The policy defines an eligible injured person as:
A-1534-17T3 4 1. the named insured or any dependent of the named insured, if the named insured or dependent sustains bodily injury
a. as a result of any accident while occupying, entering into, alighting from, or using a private passenger auto . . . .
The NCIC policy only provided emergency injury protection benefits up
to $250,000. In her certification submitted in opposition to the City's summary
judgment motion, plaintiff stated, "[l]ess than [thirty] days before [the] collision,
I became a citizen of the United States." "I therefore did not qualify for
Medicaid on the date of the collision . . . ."
Following the accident, plaintiff was transported to University Hospital
where she was evaluated, prescribed pain medication, and discharged that day.
According to plaintiff, she sustained an L5-S1 disc herniation and disc bulges at
C4-5, C5-6, and C6-7 and underwent "multiple epidural injections" as a result
of the collision. 3 Our review of the record reveals no expert medical opinion
was served on behalf of plaintiff addressing her diagnoses, prognoses, or
permanency of any of her injuries proximately caused by the accident.
The trial court found "[n]either party disputes that [p]laintiff was not
covered by Medicaid at the time of the accident[,]" and "[t]aking Section II(E)
3 Plaintiff did not provide any healthcare records or reports in her appendix. A-1534-17T3 5 on its face, however, to be eligible as a dependent of an insured an individual
must be enrolled under Medicaid." Therefore, the trial court concluded,
"[p]laintiff is not covered under the NCIC special automobile insurance policy."
On appeal, plaintiff argues one point: as a permissive user of her
husband's vehicle on the date of the collision, she met the definition of an
eligible injured person as defined in the NCIC special automobile insurance
policy, entitling her to emergency medical expense coverage, even though she
was not and could not be enrolled in the Medicaid program under a "catch-all"
category for individuals injured while operating a vehicle but who are not a
named insured or a dependent of the insured. We see no merit to plaintiff's
argument.
II.
[W]e "review the trial court's grant of summary judgment de novo under
the same standard as the trial court." Templo Fuente De Vida Corp. v. Nat'l
Union Fire Ins. Co. of Pittsburgh, 224 N.J. 189, 199 (2016). A motion for
summary judgment should be granted "if the pleadings, depositions, answers to
interrogatories and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any, show
that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact challenged and that the
moving party is entitled to a judgment or order as a matter of law." R. 4:46-
A-1534-17T3 6 2(c). The evidence must be viewed in "the light most favorable to the non-
moving party[.]" Mem'l Props., LLC v. Zurich Am. Ins. Co., 210 N.J. 512, 524
(2012).
Determining whether there is a genuine issue for trial "does not require a
court to turn a blind eye to the weight of the evidence; the 'opponent must do
more than simply show that there is some metaphysical doubt as to the material
facts.'" Triffin v. Am. Int'l Grp., Inc., 372 N.J. Super. 517, 523-24 (App. Div.
2004) (quoting Big Apple BMW, Inc. v. BMW of N. Am., Inc., 974 F.2d 1358,
1363 (3d Cir. 1992)). Opposition to a motion for summary judgment requires
"competent evidential material" beyond mere "speculation" and "fanciful
arguments[.]" Merchs. Express Money Order Co. v. Sun Nat'l Bank, 374 N.J.
Super. 556, 563 (App. Div. 2005). To survive summary judgment, the opposing
party must, with the benefit of all favorable inferences, show a rational
factfinder could determine the plaintiff met her burden of proof. Globe Motor
Co. v. Igdalev, 225 N.J. 469, 481 (2016).
The NCIC policy allows for payment of medical expense benefits for
emergency care pursuant to Section IV(A)(1), "for bodily injury sustained by an
eligible injured person, caused by an accident and arising out of the . . . use,
including loading or unloading, of your insured auto . . . ." Plaintiff argues that
A-1534-17T3 7 she satisfies the definition of an "eligible injured person" pursuant to Section
II(E)(00) of the policy which defines the term as "1. the named insured or any
dependent of the named insured, if the named insured or dependent sustains
bodily injury[:] a. as a result of any accident while occupying . . . or using a
private passenger auto[,]" or "2. any other person who sustains bodily injury
while occupying, entering into, alighting from, or using your insured auto with
the permission of the named insured."
Here, viewing the facts most favorable to plaintiff, we cannot conclude
that she is a permissive user entitled to benefits under the NCIC policy omnibus
provision because she was not enrolled in Medicaid and was not Medicaid
eligible at the time of the accident.
"In any matter requiring our consideration of a statute, our essential task
is to understand and give effect to the intent of the Legislature." Pizzullo v. N.J.
Mfrs. Ins. Co., 196 N.J. 251, 263-64 (2008). The Dollar-A-Day plan is the
lowest cost automobile policy established by our Legislature with the stated
purpose "to assist certain low income individuals in [New Jersey] and encourage
their greater compliance in satisfying the mandatory private passenger
automobile insurance requirements . . . ." N.J.S.A. 39:6A-3.3(a); see also
Sanders v. Langemeier, 199 N.J. 366, 376 (2009) ("the Dollar-A-Day plan [] is
A-1534-17T3 8 available only to certain individuals who qualify as 'eligible low income
individuals' and who are also enrolled in the Federal Medicaid Program.")
(emphasis added). Plaintiff admittedly fails to satisfy this criteria. The
Legislature's intent is clearly expressed and we see no basis to extend the Dollar-
A-Day plan to a permissive user of a vehicle who has not been determined
eligible under the statute at issue. This would be in derogation of the
Legislature's intent, which is specifically defined.
To the extent we have not addressed any of plaintiff's remaining
arguments, it is because they are without sufficient merit to warrant discussion
in a written opinion. R. 2:11-3(e)(1)(E). In light of our decision, we do not
need to address the issues raised in defendants' cross-appeal.
Affirmed.
A-1534-17T3 9