Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), this Memorandum Decision shall not be regarded as precedent or cited before any court except for the purpose of establishing Dec 20 2013, 5:55 am the defense of res judicata, collateral estoppel, or the law of the case.
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT: ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE:
RANDY M. FISHER GREGORY F. ZOELLER Deputy Public Defender Attorney General of Indiana Leonard, Hammond, Thoma & Terrill Fort Wayne, Indiana LARRY D. ALLEN Deputy Attorney General Indianapolis, Indiana
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA
MARCUS R. CARTER, ) ) Appellant-Defendant, ) ) vs. ) No. 02A03-1304-CR-126 ) STATE OF INDIANA, ) ) Appellee-Plaintiff. )
APPEAL FROM THE ALLEN SUPERIOR COURT The Honorable Frances C. Gull, Judge Cause No. 02D06-1208-FC-253
December 20, 2013
MEMORANDUM DECISION - NOT FOR PUBLICATION
CRONE, Judge Case Summary
Marcus R. Carter appeals the eight-year sentence imposed by the trial court following
his conviction for class C felony forgery. Carter asserts that the trial court abused its
discretion in sentencing and that his sentence is inappropriate in light of the nature of the
offense and his character. Finding no abuse of discretion and that he has not met his burden
to demonstrate that his sentence is inappropriate, we affirm.
Facts and Procedural History1
On August 3, 2012, bank manager James Dingle and teller Megan Eicher were
working at Tower Bank in Fort Wayne. A few minutes before the close of business, Carter
and another man named Jason Thomas entered the bank. Carter and Thomas were each
dressed as construction workers. Carter wore an orange construction vest, and Thomas wore
a yellow construction hat that Dingle believed might have been a toy. Carter approached
Dingle’s teller window and Thomas approached Eicher’s teller window. Thomas handed
Eicher a check written for a large amount from Tippman Construction, and Carter handed
Dingle a similar check from Tippman Construction. Because Carter was not a member of
Tower Bank, Dingle asked Carter for identification. The driver’s license presented by Carter
indicated that he lived in Indianapolis. Dingle asked Carter several questions about whether
1 We note that, in his statement of the facts section of his appellant’s brief, Carter did not recite any of the facts underlying the forgery that are relevant to his claim that his sentence is inappropriate due to the nature of the offense in violation of Indiana Appellate Rule 46(A)(6) (The statement of facts section “shall describe the facts relevant to the issues presented for review…”).
2 he had just moved to Fort Wayne and where he was doing construction work, but Carter just
nodded and did not answer with specifics.
Because both Dingle and Eicher began getting error messages on their computers
when trying to cash the checks, Dingle instructed Eicher to call Tippman Construction to
verify the checks. Eicher spoke to Jason Rice, an accountant with Tippman Construction,
while Carter and Thomas waited. Rice informed Eicher that Tippman Construction never
issued payroll checks directly to individuals and that the checks Eicher was trying to verify
did not match any of Tippman Construction’s records. Rice asked Eicher to hold on to the
checks and to notify authorities. Subsequent review of the checks revealed that the checks
were reproductions of checks that had previously cleared and had been written to another
recipient.
After ending her conversation with Rice, Eicher informed Carter and Thomas that she
could not cash the checks and that she needed to hold on to them. Carter still asked for the
checks to be returned to him, but Eicher refused. Carter and Thomas then left the bank.
Dingle watched the men through the window while he called the police. He observed the
men enter a Taco Bell, exit the restaurant, and then stand near a car talking.
Fort Wayne Police Department Officer Boyce Ballinger was dispatched to the scene.
As he approached the bank in his squad car, he saw three men standing near Taco Bell, two
of whom matched the descriptions given by Dingle. One of the men was handing an orange
construction vest to the third male when the men noticed Officer Ballinger. The third male
immediately got in his car and drove away while the other two men began walking to the
3 back of the parking lot. Officer Ballinger was able to pull his vehicle in front of the men and
stop them for questioning. Dingle walked over and identified Carter and Thomas as the same
individuals who had attempted to cash the Tippman Construction checks.
The State charged Carter with class C felony forgery. Following a trial on February
13, 2013, a jury found Carter guilty as charged. A sentencing hearing was held and the trial
court imposed a sentence of eight years. This appeal followed.
Discussion and Decision
I. Abuse of Discretion
We first address Carter’s contention that the trial court abused its discretion during
sentencing. Sentencing decisions rest within the sound discretion of the trial court and are
reviewed on appeal only for an abuse of discretion. Anglemyer v. State, 868 N.E.2d 482, 490
(Ind. 2007), clarified on reh’g, 875 N.E.2d 218. The trial court abuses its discretion if its
decision is clearly against the logic and effect of the facts and circumstances before the court.
Id. Specifically, ways in which a trial court may abuse its discretion include: (1) failing to
enter a sentencing statement, (2) entering a sentencing statement that explains reasons for
imposing sentence but the record does not support the reasons, (3) the sentencing statement
omits reasons that are clearly supported by the record and advanced for consideration, or (4)
the reasons given in the sentencing statement are improper as a matter of law. Kimbrough v.
State, 979 N.E.2d 625, 628 (Ind. 2012).
Here, the trial court found Carter’s “extensive multi-county” criminal history as well
as his twenty-three years of failed efforts at rehabilitation as aggravating factors. Sent. Tr. at
4 7. The court found no mitigating factors. Carter contends that the trial court abused its
discretion in failing to find as mitigating factors his difficult childhood, his terrible health,
and his history of substance abuse. Carter concedes that he did not advance these factors for
the trial court’s consideration during sentencing. His failure to do so has resulted in waiver
of these issues on appeal. See Webb v. State, 941 N.E.2d 1082, 1089 (Ind. Ct. App. 2011)
(noting that a defendant is precluded from advancing a mitigating circumstance for the first
time on appeal), trans. denied.
II. Appropriateness of Sentence
Carter next contends that his sentence is inappropriate. Pursuant to Indiana Appellate
Rule 7(B), we may revise a sentence authorized by statute if, after due consideration of the
trial court’s decision, we find that the sentence “is inappropriate in light of the nature of the
offense and the character of the offender.” The defendant bears the burden to persuade this
Court that his or her sentence is inappropriate. Childress v.
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Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), this Memorandum Decision shall not be regarded as precedent or cited before any court except for the purpose of establishing Dec 20 2013, 5:55 am the defense of res judicata, collateral estoppel, or the law of the case.
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT: ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE:
RANDY M. FISHER GREGORY F. ZOELLER Deputy Public Defender Attorney General of Indiana Leonard, Hammond, Thoma & Terrill Fort Wayne, Indiana LARRY D. ALLEN Deputy Attorney General Indianapolis, Indiana
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA
MARCUS R. CARTER, ) ) Appellant-Defendant, ) ) vs. ) No. 02A03-1304-CR-126 ) STATE OF INDIANA, ) ) Appellee-Plaintiff. )
APPEAL FROM THE ALLEN SUPERIOR COURT The Honorable Frances C. Gull, Judge Cause No. 02D06-1208-FC-253
December 20, 2013
MEMORANDUM DECISION - NOT FOR PUBLICATION
CRONE, Judge Case Summary
Marcus R. Carter appeals the eight-year sentence imposed by the trial court following
his conviction for class C felony forgery. Carter asserts that the trial court abused its
discretion in sentencing and that his sentence is inappropriate in light of the nature of the
offense and his character. Finding no abuse of discretion and that he has not met his burden
to demonstrate that his sentence is inappropriate, we affirm.
Facts and Procedural History1
On August 3, 2012, bank manager James Dingle and teller Megan Eicher were
working at Tower Bank in Fort Wayne. A few minutes before the close of business, Carter
and another man named Jason Thomas entered the bank. Carter and Thomas were each
dressed as construction workers. Carter wore an orange construction vest, and Thomas wore
a yellow construction hat that Dingle believed might have been a toy. Carter approached
Dingle’s teller window and Thomas approached Eicher’s teller window. Thomas handed
Eicher a check written for a large amount from Tippman Construction, and Carter handed
Dingle a similar check from Tippman Construction. Because Carter was not a member of
Tower Bank, Dingle asked Carter for identification. The driver’s license presented by Carter
indicated that he lived in Indianapolis. Dingle asked Carter several questions about whether
1 We note that, in his statement of the facts section of his appellant’s brief, Carter did not recite any of the facts underlying the forgery that are relevant to his claim that his sentence is inappropriate due to the nature of the offense in violation of Indiana Appellate Rule 46(A)(6) (The statement of facts section “shall describe the facts relevant to the issues presented for review…”).
2 he had just moved to Fort Wayne and where he was doing construction work, but Carter just
nodded and did not answer with specifics.
Because both Dingle and Eicher began getting error messages on their computers
when trying to cash the checks, Dingle instructed Eicher to call Tippman Construction to
verify the checks. Eicher spoke to Jason Rice, an accountant with Tippman Construction,
while Carter and Thomas waited. Rice informed Eicher that Tippman Construction never
issued payroll checks directly to individuals and that the checks Eicher was trying to verify
did not match any of Tippman Construction’s records. Rice asked Eicher to hold on to the
checks and to notify authorities. Subsequent review of the checks revealed that the checks
were reproductions of checks that had previously cleared and had been written to another
recipient.
After ending her conversation with Rice, Eicher informed Carter and Thomas that she
could not cash the checks and that she needed to hold on to them. Carter still asked for the
checks to be returned to him, but Eicher refused. Carter and Thomas then left the bank.
Dingle watched the men through the window while he called the police. He observed the
men enter a Taco Bell, exit the restaurant, and then stand near a car talking.
Fort Wayne Police Department Officer Boyce Ballinger was dispatched to the scene.
As he approached the bank in his squad car, he saw three men standing near Taco Bell, two
of whom matched the descriptions given by Dingle. One of the men was handing an orange
construction vest to the third male when the men noticed Officer Ballinger. The third male
immediately got in his car and drove away while the other two men began walking to the
3 back of the parking lot. Officer Ballinger was able to pull his vehicle in front of the men and
stop them for questioning. Dingle walked over and identified Carter and Thomas as the same
individuals who had attempted to cash the Tippman Construction checks.
The State charged Carter with class C felony forgery. Following a trial on February
13, 2013, a jury found Carter guilty as charged. A sentencing hearing was held and the trial
court imposed a sentence of eight years. This appeal followed.
Discussion and Decision
I. Abuse of Discretion
We first address Carter’s contention that the trial court abused its discretion during
sentencing. Sentencing decisions rest within the sound discretion of the trial court and are
reviewed on appeal only for an abuse of discretion. Anglemyer v. State, 868 N.E.2d 482, 490
(Ind. 2007), clarified on reh’g, 875 N.E.2d 218. The trial court abuses its discretion if its
decision is clearly against the logic and effect of the facts and circumstances before the court.
Id. Specifically, ways in which a trial court may abuse its discretion include: (1) failing to
enter a sentencing statement, (2) entering a sentencing statement that explains reasons for
imposing sentence but the record does not support the reasons, (3) the sentencing statement
omits reasons that are clearly supported by the record and advanced for consideration, or (4)
the reasons given in the sentencing statement are improper as a matter of law. Kimbrough v.
State, 979 N.E.2d 625, 628 (Ind. 2012).
Here, the trial court found Carter’s “extensive multi-county” criminal history as well
as his twenty-three years of failed efforts at rehabilitation as aggravating factors. Sent. Tr. at
4 7. The court found no mitigating factors. Carter contends that the trial court abused its
discretion in failing to find as mitigating factors his difficult childhood, his terrible health,
and his history of substance abuse. Carter concedes that he did not advance these factors for
the trial court’s consideration during sentencing. His failure to do so has resulted in waiver
of these issues on appeal. See Webb v. State, 941 N.E.2d 1082, 1089 (Ind. Ct. App. 2011)
(noting that a defendant is precluded from advancing a mitigating circumstance for the first
time on appeal), trans. denied.
II. Appropriateness of Sentence
Carter next contends that his sentence is inappropriate. Pursuant to Indiana Appellate
Rule 7(B), we may revise a sentence authorized by statute if, after due consideration of the
trial court’s decision, we find that the sentence “is inappropriate in light of the nature of the
offense and the character of the offender.” The defendant bears the burden to persuade this
Court that his or her sentence is inappropriate. Childress v. State, 848 N.E.2d 1073, 1080
(Ind. 2006). “[W]hether we regard a sentence as appropriate at the end of the day turns on
our sense of the culpability of the defendant, the severity of the crime, the damage done to
others, and myriad other factors that come to light in a given case.” Cardwell v. State, 895
N.E.2d 1219, 1224 (Ind. 2008). Upon appellate review, we have the power to affirm, reduce,
or increase the sentence. Akard v. State, 937 N.E.2d 811, 813 (Ind. 2010).
The current sentencing range for a class C felony is between two and eight years, with
the advisory sentence being four years. Ind. Code § 35-50-2-6. Because the trial court
imposed the maximum sentence of eight years, Carter maintains that his sentence should be
5 revised because he is not the “worst of the worst.” Appellant’s Br. at 12. Our supreme court
has observed that the maximum sentences are generally appropriate for the worst offenders.
Buchanan v. State, 767 N.E.2d 967, 973 (Ind. 2002). However, this is not a guideline to
determine whether a worse offender could be imagined. Id. Rather, “we refer generally to
the class of offenses and offenders that warrant maximum punishment.” Id. Such a class
encompasses a considerable variety of offenses and offenders. Id. When reviewing a
maximum sentence, we should concentrate less on comparing the facts of the current case to
others, whether real or hypothetical, and focus more on the nature, extent, and depravity of
the offense, and what it reveals about the defendant’s character. Wells v. State, 904 N.E.2d
265, 274 (Ind. Ct. App. 2009) (citing Brown v. State, 760 N.E.2d 243, 247 (Ind. Ct. App.
2002), trans. denied), trans. denied.
Regarding the nature of the offense, Carter walked into a bank, apparently dressed as a
construction worker, and tried to cash a forged and/or fraudulent check. Obviously, there
was some planning involved in this crime of dishonesty. While we may agree with Carter
that his offense, in itself, is not particularly egregious, in light of our succeeding discussion
of his poor character, he fails to persuade us that the maximum sentence imposed by the trial
court is inappropriate.
When considering the character of the offender, the defendant’s criminal history is a
relevant factor. Johnson v. State, 986 N.E.2d 852, 857 (Ind. Ct. App. 2013). Carter’s
extensive criminal history consists of twenty-one misdemeanor convictions and six felony
convictions. While Carter maintains that many of these offenses involved substance abuse
6 and low-level felonies, we cannot ignore the sheer volume of his criminal history and how it
reflects poorly on his character. As noted by the trial court, the record reveals failed attempts
at rehabilitation spanning a twenty-three year period. In addition to being sentenced to the
Department of Correction, Carter has been given the grace of suspended sentences,
probation, community service, work release, home detention, and drug and alcohol treatment.
He has had two suspended sentences revoked and four suspended sentences modified. All
the while, he has continued his criminal behavior. During sentencing on the current offense,
Carter denied responsibility for his crime, claiming that “the charge is a lie” and that much of
his criminal history was the result of “misunderstandings.” Sent. Tr. at 6. Carter’s character
does not support a sentence revision.
Based upon the foregoing, we cannot say that Carter’s eight-year sentence is
inappropriate in light of the nature of the offense and his character. Accordingly, we decline
the invitation to revise his sentence. The sentence imposed by the trial court is affirmed.
Affirmed.
BAKER, J., and NAJAM, J., concur.