Fourth Court of Appeals San Antonio, Texas MEMORANDUM OPINION No. 04-12-00595-CR
Marc Angel SANCHEZ, Appellant
v. The STATE of The STATE of Texas, Appellee
From the 399th Judicial District Court, Bexar County, Texas Trial Court No. 2011CR0965 Honorable Juanita A. Vasquez-Gardner, Judge Presiding
Opinion by: Karen Angelini, Justice
Sitting: Karen Angelini, Justice Marialyn Barnard, Justice Rebeca C. Martinez, Justice
Delivered and Filed: December 4, 2013
AFFIRMED
Marc Angel Sanchez was charged with and convicted of being a felon in possession of a
firearm. On appeal, Sanchez asserts the trial court erred (1) by allowing his motion for new trial
alleging ineffective assistance of counsel to be denied by operation of law without holding a
hearing, and (2) by failing to sua sponte investigate his trial counsel’s conflict of interest in
representing both him and a witness who testified at the punishment hearing. We affirm. 04-12-00595-CR
BACKGROUND
Responding to a report of an assault in progress on a woman at an apartment complex,
Officer Julian Pesina observed a man, who was later identified as Sanchez, in the apartment
complex parking lot. Sanchez had blood on his hands and was carrying a black bag, which he
placed inside a vehicle. Officer Pesina stopped and handcuffed Sanchez, who stated he had been
stabbed. Leaving Sanchez with another officer, Officer Pesina went to an apartment and spoke to
Melissa Ruiz. Ruiz stated that she had been injured by Sanchez and that Sanchez was a convicted
felon in possession of a firearm. Officer Pesina returned to the parking lot and found the bag
Sanchez had been carrying. Officer Pesina opened the bag and found a handgun. Because Sanchez
was a convicted felon, he was charged with the offense of felon in possession of a firearm.
DISCUSSION
In his first issue, Sanchez argues the trial court erred in allowing his motion for new trial
alleging ineffective assistance of counsel to be denied by operation of law without conducting a
hearing. The record shows Sanchez timely filed a pro se motion for new trial. After the trial court
appointed new counsel, Sanchez timely filed a sworn first amended motion for new trial. The trial
court did not conduct a hearing; nor did it grant or deny the first amended motion for new trial.
Thus, the amended motion for new trial was overruled by operation of law. See TEX. R. APP. P.
21.8(a) (providing that a motion for new trial not timely ruled on by written order is deemed
denied).
On appeal, Sanchez argues that the trial court abused its discretion in failing to hold a
hearing because, in his sworn first amended motion for new trial, he raised matters not
determinable from the record that would entitle him to a new trial. See Wallace v. State, 106
S.W.3d 103, 108 (Tex. Crim. App. 2003). However, as Sanchez readily concedes in his brief, the
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right to a hearing on a motion for new trial is not absolute. See Rozell v. State, 176 S.W.3d 228,
230 (Tex. Crim. App. 2005).
For example, in Rozell, 176 S.W.3d at 229, the appellant timely filed a sworn motion for
new trial contending, among other things, that his trial counsel provided ineffective assistance.
The motion did not contain a request for a hearing. Id. The attached order gave the trial court the
options of setting a hearing within ten days, setting a hearing within seventy-five days, granting
the motion without a hearing, or denying the motion without a hearing. Id. A second order set forth
two options — to either grant or deny the motion for new trial. Id. Although the trial court noted
on the first order “Presented 11-07-02,” a hearing was not held and the motion was overruled by
operation of law. Id. On appeal, the appellant argued that because the motion was “presented,” the
trial court erred in failing to hold a hearing. Id. The court of appeals disagreed, explaining that the
appellant had never requested a hearing. Id. On appeal to the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals,
the appellant argued that because he had timely filed a sworn motion for new trial raising matters
not determinable from the record, the trial court was required to hold a hearing. Id. at 230. The
court of criminal appeals noted that to be entitled to a hearing, the appellant was required to present
the motion to the trial court and that “presentment includes actual notice of the desire to have a
hearing.” Id. The court explained that the “rationale for this requirement is the same as that which
supports preservation of error generally: A trial court should not be reversed on a matter that was
not brought to the trial court’s attention.” Id. “Presenting the motion, along with a request for a
hearing, is required to let the court know that the defendant wants the trial court to act on the
motion and whether the defendant would like a hearing on the motion.” Id. “Thus, a reviewing
court does not reach the question of whether a trial court abused its discretion in failing to hold a
hearing if no request for a hearing was presented to it.” Id. The court of criminal appeals concluded
that the appellant had not brought to the trial court’s attention his desire for a hearing, noting that -3- 04-12-00595-CR
the motion itself did not contain a request for a hearing. Id. at 231. Further, the court explained
that the attached order giving the trial court options of having a hearing or ruling without a hearing
was not sufficient to adequately advise the court of his desire for a hearing. Id.
In his brief, although Sanchez argues he presented his amended motion for new trial to the
trial court, he does not argue or point to any place in the record to show he requested a hearing.
Further, we have found nothing in the record showing Sanchez requested a hearing. Much like the
appellant in Rozell, Sanchez attached an order to his amended motion for new trial setting forth
options for the trial court to grant or deny the motion. On the order, the trial court made a notation
that the amended motion for new trial was presented to the trial court on 9-26-12. There was,
however, nothing in the amended motion for new trial or the attached order notifying the trial court
of a request for a hearing. Thus, we do not reach the question of whether the trial court abused its
discretion in failing to hold a hearing since no request for a hearing was presented to the trial court.
See id. at 230. We therefore overrule Sanchez’s first issue.
In his second issue, Sanchez asserts that the trial court erred in failing to sua sponte
investigate a conflict of interest by the defense attorney representing both Sanchez and a witness
in the punishment phase of trial. Specifically, Sanchez points to the testimony of his girlfriend,
Laura Bustamante, who was called by the State to testify during the punishment phase of trial.
When the State called Bustamante to testify, Sanchez’s trial counsel advised the court that he
represented Bustamante in another criminal matter. Sanchez’s attorney told the judge that he
represented Bustamante on a misdemeanor case that was going to be enhanced to a felony.
Specifically, he stated, “It’s unrelated to Mr. Sanchez but I just wanted to –”. At that point, the
prosecutor stated, “I don’t plan on going into any of those facts of any charges pending against
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Fourth Court of Appeals San Antonio, Texas MEMORANDUM OPINION No. 04-12-00595-CR
Marc Angel SANCHEZ, Appellant
v. The STATE of The STATE of Texas, Appellee
From the 399th Judicial District Court, Bexar County, Texas Trial Court No. 2011CR0965 Honorable Juanita A. Vasquez-Gardner, Judge Presiding
Opinion by: Karen Angelini, Justice
Sitting: Karen Angelini, Justice Marialyn Barnard, Justice Rebeca C. Martinez, Justice
Delivered and Filed: December 4, 2013
AFFIRMED
Marc Angel Sanchez was charged with and convicted of being a felon in possession of a
firearm. On appeal, Sanchez asserts the trial court erred (1) by allowing his motion for new trial
alleging ineffective assistance of counsel to be denied by operation of law without holding a
hearing, and (2) by failing to sua sponte investigate his trial counsel’s conflict of interest in
representing both him and a witness who testified at the punishment hearing. We affirm. 04-12-00595-CR
BACKGROUND
Responding to a report of an assault in progress on a woman at an apartment complex,
Officer Julian Pesina observed a man, who was later identified as Sanchez, in the apartment
complex parking lot. Sanchez had blood on his hands and was carrying a black bag, which he
placed inside a vehicle. Officer Pesina stopped and handcuffed Sanchez, who stated he had been
stabbed. Leaving Sanchez with another officer, Officer Pesina went to an apartment and spoke to
Melissa Ruiz. Ruiz stated that she had been injured by Sanchez and that Sanchez was a convicted
felon in possession of a firearm. Officer Pesina returned to the parking lot and found the bag
Sanchez had been carrying. Officer Pesina opened the bag and found a handgun. Because Sanchez
was a convicted felon, he was charged with the offense of felon in possession of a firearm.
DISCUSSION
In his first issue, Sanchez argues the trial court erred in allowing his motion for new trial
alleging ineffective assistance of counsel to be denied by operation of law without conducting a
hearing. The record shows Sanchez timely filed a pro se motion for new trial. After the trial court
appointed new counsel, Sanchez timely filed a sworn first amended motion for new trial. The trial
court did not conduct a hearing; nor did it grant or deny the first amended motion for new trial.
Thus, the amended motion for new trial was overruled by operation of law. See TEX. R. APP. P.
21.8(a) (providing that a motion for new trial not timely ruled on by written order is deemed
denied).
On appeal, Sanchez argues that the trial court abused its discretion in failing to hold a
hearing because, in his sworn first amended motion for new trial, he raised matters not
determinable from the record that would entitle him to a new trial. See Wallace v. State, 106
S.W.3d 103, 108 (Tex. Crim. App. 2003). However, as Sanchez readily concedes in his brief, the
-2- 04-12-00595-CR
right to a hearing on a motion for new trial is not absolute. See Rozell v. State, 176 S.W.3d 228,
230 (Tex. Crim. App. 2005).
For example, in Rozell, 176 S.W.3d at 229, the appellant timely filed a sworn motion for
new trial contending, among other things, that his trial counsel provided ineffective assistance.
The motion did not contain a request for a hearing. Id. The attached order gave the trial court the
options of setting a hearing within ten days, setting a hearing within seventy-five days, granting
the motion without a hearing, or denying the motion without a hearing. Id. A second order set forth
two options — to either grant or deny the motion for new trial. Id. Although the trial court noted
on the first order “Presented 11-07-02,” a hearing was not held and the motion was overruled by
operation of law. Id. On appeal, the appellant argued that because the motion was “presented,” the
trial court erred in failing to hold a hearing. Id. The court of appeals disagreed, explaining that the
appellant had never requested a hearing. Id. On appeal to the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals,
the appellant argued that because he had timely filed a sworn motion for new trial raising matters
not determinable from the record, the trial court was required to hold a hearing. Id. at 230. The
court of criminal appeals noted that to be entitled to a hearing, the appellant was required to present
the motion to the trial court and that “presentment includes actual notice of the desire to have a
hearing.” Id. The court explained that the “rationale for this requirement is the same as that which
supports preservation of error generally: A trial court should not be reversed on a matter that was
not brought to the trial court’s attention.” Id. “Presenting the motion, along with a request for a
hearing, is required to let the court know that the defendant wants the trial court to act on the
motion and whether the defendant would like a hearing on the motion.” Id. “Thus, a reviewing
court does not reach the question of whether a trial court abused its discretion in failing to hold a
hearing if no request for a hearing was presented to it.” Id. The court of criminal appeals concluded
that the appellant had not brought to the trial court’s attention his desire for a hearing, noting that -3- 04-12-00595-CR
the motion itself did not contain a request for a hearing. Id. at 231. Further, the court explained
that the attached order giving the trial court options of having a hearing or ruling without a hearing
was not sufficient to adequately advise the court of his desire for a hearing. Id.
In his brief, although Sanchez argues he presented his amended motion for new trial to the
trial court, he does not argue or point to any place in the record to show he requested a hearing.
Further, we have found nothing in the record showing Sanchez requested a hearing. Much like the
appellant in Rozell, Sanchez attached an order to his amended motion for new trial setting forth
options for the trial court to grant or deny the motion. On the order, the trial court made a notation
that the amended motion for new trial was presented to the trial court on 9-26-12. There was,
however, nothing in the amended motion for new trial or the attached order notifying the trial court
of a request for a hearing. Thus, we do not reach the question of whether the trial court abused its
discretion in failing to hold a hearing since no request for a hearing was presented to the trial court.
See id. at 230. We therefore overrule Sanchez’s first issue.
In his second issue, Sanchez asserts that the trial court erred in failing to sua sponte
investigate a conflict of interest by the defense attorney representing both Sanchez and a witness
in the punishment phase of trial. Specifically, Sanchez points to the testimony of his girlfriend,
Laura Bustamante, who was called by the State to testify during the punishment phase of trial.
When the State called Bustamante to testify, Sanchez’s trial counsel advised the court that he
represented Bustamante in another criminal matter. Sanchez’s attorney told the judge that he
represented Bustamante on a misdemeanor case that was going to be enhanced to a felony.
Specifically, he stated, “It’s unrelated to Mr. Sanchez but I just wanted to –”. At that point, the
prosecutor stated, “I don’t plan on going into any of those facts of any charges pending against
her.” Then, when Bustamante testified, she stated Sanchez was her boyfriend and she considered
them to be “common-law married.” Her testimony was favorable to Sanchez. Although asked -4- 04-12-00595-CR
about a couple of different occasions when Sanchez was alleged to have assaulted her in public,
she denied that he had ever hit her.
There is only an “actual conflict of interest” if “counsel is required to make a choice
between advancing his client’s interest in a fair trial or advancing other interests to the detriment
of his client’s interest.” Pina v. State, 127 S.W.3d 68, 72 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2003,
no pet.). Where no objection to multiple representation is raised in the trial court, the trial court
has no affirmative duty to inquire whether a conflict of interest exists. Id. at 73. The trial court is
only required to conduct a hearing regarding a conflict if it “knows or should reasonably know of
an actual conflict.” Perez v. State, 352 S.W.3d 751, 756 (Tex. App.—San Antonio 2011, no pet.)
(emphasis in original) (citations omitted). Here, there was nothing that would have required the
trial court to sua sponte inquire further into any conflict of interest, and there was no actual conflict
of interest because, although Bustamante was called as a State’s witness, her testimony was
entirely favorable to Sanchez. We find no error and, therefore, overrule Sanchez’s second issue.
We affirm the judgment of the trial court.
Karen Angelini, Justice
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