Mann v. Moore

794 So. 2d 595, 2001 WL 776293
CourtSupreme Court of Florida
DecidedJuly 12, 2001
DocketSC00-2602
StatusPublished
Cited by29 cases

This text of 794 So. 2d 595 (Mann v. Moore) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Florida primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Mann v. Moore, 794 So. 2d 595, 2001 WL 776293 (Fla. 2001).

Opinion

794 So.2d 595 (2001)

Larry MANN, Petitioner,
v.
Michael W. MOORE, etc., et al., Respondents.

No. SC00-2602.

Supreme Court of Florida.

July 12, 2001.
Rehearing Denied September 5, 2001.

*597 Julius J. Aulisio, Assistant CCRC, and Leslie Anne Scalley, Staff Attorney, Capital Collateral Regional Counsel—Middle, Tampa, FL, for Petitioner.

Robert A. Butterworth, Attorney General, and Carol M. Dittmar, Assistant Attorney General, Tampa, FL, for Respondent.

PER CURIAM.

Larry Mann petitions this Court for a writ of habeas corpus. We have jurisdiction. See art. V, § 3(b)(9), Fla. Const. We deny the petition.

Mann was convicted in 1982 and sentenced to death for the kidnaping and first-degree murder of ten-year old Elisa Nelson. The facts are more fully set forth in our opinion on Mann's first direct appeal. See Mann v. State, 420 So.2d 578 (Fla.1982). The extensive procedural history of this case is briefly summarized in our latest opinion, where we denied Mann's rule 3.850 motion. See Mann v. State, 770 So.2d 1158, 1160 (Fla.2000). In this habeas, Mann raises five issues[1] and *598 the State raises one.[2] We address the State's argument first.

The State argues that Florida Rule of Appellate Procedure 9.140(b)(6)(E)[3] operates to bar Mann's petition.[4] That rule provides that all petitions for habeas corpus filed by individuals attacking their death-sentences must be filed simultaneously with the filing of the initial brief appealing the trial court's denial of a rule 3.850 motion. Florida Rule of Criminal Procedure 3.851(b)(2) contains a provision which mirrors the simultaneous filing requirement of rule 9.140(b)(6)(E). In Robinson v. Moore, 773 So.2d 1, 2 n. 1 (Fla.2000), we stated that rule 3.851(b)(2), by virtue of rule 3.851(b)(6), does not apply to defendants whose convictions and sentences were final as of January 1, 1994.[5]

We acknowledge that the committee notes from the 1996 revision to rule 9.140 indicate that rule 3.851(b)(2) would stand repealed on January 1, 1997, upon the adoption of rule 9.140(b)(6)(E).[6] We also acknowledge that Florida Rule of Judicial Administration 2.135 provides that the Florida Rules of Appellate Procedure control all proceedings in this Court when there is a conflict in any of rules of procedure. Thus, the exception to prisoners convicted and sentenced before January 1, 1994, created by rule 3.851(b)(6) no longer applies. However, rule 3.851(b)(2) has not been deleted from the published rule 3.851, upon which practitioners rely. Given this failure to delete 3.851(b)(2) and our decision in Robinson, we believe that there has been sufficient confusion in practical application that to bar a habeas petition brought in reliance upon rule 3.851(b)(2) continuing to apply to death-row prisoners convicted and sentenced before January 1, 1994, would be unjust. Thus, we do not bar Mann's petition under rule 9.140(b)(6)(E), BUT WE DO ANNOUNCE THAT IN CAPITAL POSTCONVICTION LITIGATION, EFFECTIVE JANUARY 1, 2002, all petitions for extraordinary relief, including habeas corpus petitions, must be filed simultaneously with the initial brief appealing the denial of a rule 3.850 motion. See Fla. R.App. P. 9140(b)(6)(E). We hold that the simultaneous filing requirement in rule 9.140(b)(6)(E) and 3.851(b)(2) does apply to defendants whose convictions and sentences were finalized prior to January 1, 1994, notwithstanding the provision of rule 3.851(b)(6). By this holding, we recede on this sole point from our contrary holding in Robinson v. Moore, 773 So.2d 1, 2 n. 1 (Fla.2000).

The State also argues that McCray v. State, 699 So.2d 1366, 1368 (Fla.1997), authorizes *599 a court to apply laches to bar a habeas petition filed more than five years after a conviction became final. However, McCray involved an individual who was serving a life sentence but was not under a sentence of death and is therefore distinguishable. We decline to apply laches to bar Mann's habeas petition because we find that Mann's reliance on rule 3.851(b)(2) in this case was not unreasonable. As we have declined the State's invitation to bar Mann's habeas petition, we must now address Mann's claims.

Mann's first claim is that the death sentence is unconstitutional as applied to him in light of the Supreme Court's decision in Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466, 120 S.Ct. 2348, 147 L.Ed.2d 435 (2000). Mann argues that at the time of his penalty phase, the maximum sentence under section 775.082, Florida Statutes (1989), was life in prison without the possibility for parole for twenty-five years. Mann further argues that Apprendi requires aggravators to be charged in the indictment and submitted to the jury for its determination beyond a reasonable doubt. Mann alleges that his appellate counsel was ineffective for failing to raise this issue on direct appeal along with the trial court's denial of Mann's request that the jury's recommendation of death be unanimous.

This Court recently rejected the argument that Apprendi applied to capital sentencing schemes. See Mills v. Moore, 786 So.2d 532, 536 (Fla.2001), cert. denied, ___ U.S. ___, 121 S.Ct. 1752, 149 L.Ed.2d 673 (2001). In Mills, we also rejected the argument that the maximum penalty under section 775.082(1), Florida Statutes (1979), was life in prison without the possibility of parole for twenty-five years. See id. at 536. Instead, we wrote that "[t]he plain language of section 775.082(1) is clear that the maximum penalty available for a person convicted of a capital felony is death." Id. The 1989 version of section 775.082(1) argued by Mann is identical to the 1979 version. Thus, Mann's Apprendi arguments are without merit.

We also find no merit in Mann's other arguments alleging ineffective assistance of appellate counsel regarding appellate counsel's failure to raise as appellate points the necessity of charging the aggravators in the indictment and the necessity of requiring a unanimous jury recommendation. At the time of his direct appeal, this Court, as we still do today, routinely rejected these arguments. See e.g., Medina v. State, 466 So.2d 1046, 1048 n. 2 (Fla.1985) (State need not provide notice concerning aggravators); James v. State, 453 So.2d 786, 792 (Fla.1984), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 1098, 105 S.Ct. 608, 83 L.Ed.2d 717 (1984) (rejecting argument that jury verdict recommending death must be unanimous). Appellate counsel cannot be ineffective for not raising on appeal an issue with little or no merit. See Rutherford v. Moore, 774 So.2d 637, 643 (Fla. 2000).

Mann's next claim is that the prosecutor engaged in substantial misconduct during Mann's trial and that his appellate counsel was ineffective for failing to raise this issue. Mann's main argument in this claim is that the prosecutor's closing argument constitutes fundamental error because the prosecutor used the closing argument to label Mann as a sexual deviant and injected fear into the minds of the jurors. Mann also argues that comments made by the prosecutor during voir dire and questions to Gail Anderson regarding Mann's motion for a new trial contributed to the misconduct.

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Bluebook (online)
794 So. 2d 595, 2001 WL 776293, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/mann-v-moore-fla-2001.