Mancari v. A.C. & S. Co.

541 A.2d 584, 1988 Del. Super. LEXIS 106
CourtSuperior Court of Delaware
DecidedMarch 17, 1988
StatusPublished

This text of 541 A.2d 584 (Mancari v. A.C. & S. Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Superior Court of Delaware primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Mancari v. A.C. & S. Co., 541 A.2d 584, 1988 Del. Super. LEXIS 106 (Del. Ct. App. 1988).

Opinion

TAYLOR, Judge.

The matter before the Court is what action is appropriate with respect to the conduct of plaintiffs’ attorney during the taking of the jury’s verdict. The jury had been asked to render its verdict in two sections. The jury had rendered its verdict on the first section which included its verdict on punitive damages which the jury fixed at $22 million. The second section dealt with the apportionment of compensatory damages with respect to the remaining defendant, Raymark Industries, Inc. [Raymark]. The forelady of the jury had announced that it allocated certain specified percentages of fault against various defendants who had previously settled with plaintiffs and allocated 0% against Ray-mark. At that point, with the jury still present in the courtroom, plaintiffs’ attorney stood up and made remarks in a loud and fast-speaking voice critical of the failure of the jury to allocate fault against Raymark. (Because of this unexpected turn of events, the court reporter was unable to record those remarks.) Plaintiffs’ attorney then made the following statement which is on the record:

I request the jury be polled as to whether they find Raybestos Manhattan not at all responsible for any of the damages they caused.

Defendant’s attorney immediately requested a side bar at which he moved for mistrial. The Court said it would take no action with respect to the motion at that time and instructed the court clerk to poll the jury with respect to the verdict the forelady had announced. The clerk restated the announced verdict and addressed each individual juror with the question “Is that your verdict?”. The first six jurors acknowledged the verdict to be correct. Juror No. 7 answered “No”. At that point, the Court instructed the jury to return to the juryroom to see if they could reach a unanimous verdict. After some time, the jury returned and in response to the Court’s question, the forelady indicated that the jury had reached a unanimous verdict and she stated the verdict. The percentages of fault which she reported differed from those announced earlier by reducing the percentages of fault attributed to other defendants and adding a percentage of fault attributable to Raymark of 15% with respect to the claims of the Cris-conis and 17% with respect to the claims of the Temples.

The issue before the Court is whether the conduct of plaintiffs’ attorney before the jury had been polled requires the granting of Raymark’s motion for mistrial.

The first consideration is whether the conduct of plaintiffs’ attorney violated the decorum expected of an attorney in a courtroom during the taking of a verdict. In the asbestos cases, particular attention has been given to avoiding any improper occurrence in the presence of the jury. Hence, the Court’s continuing instruction [586]*586to the attorneys has been that the attorneys must guard against taking any action in front of the jury in which the slightest doubt exists as to its permissibility until the matter is discussed with the Court. This occurrence violates that policy. In addition to the specified direction in these cases, every attorney owes a continuing duty not to take any action which might be disruptive to court proceedings. Attorneys have a continuing duty to make sure that nothing occurs which might improperly interfere with the normal deliberative and verdict-reporting process. Isolation of the jury from any partisan influence during the deliberative and verdict-reporting process is a paramount requirement in the judicial process. Plaintiffs’ attorney’s actions violated the jury isolation.

The polling of the jury after the forelady announces a verdict is not an unusual procedure. Either attorney can request it, but the request must be made in an unemotional manner without comment and in no way characterizing the request. Its sole purpose is to ascertain whether the verdict which the forelady has announced is agreed to by all of the jurors. While it is entirely proper for an attorney to request the jury to be polled, it must not be done in such a manner as to constitute a comment on the announced verdict.

After the completion of closing statements, any attorney’s action in any form which conveys a message to the jury violates the attorney’s responsibility to the Court and to the system of justice. Such conduct amounts to impermissible attorney's argument to the jury after the attorney has exhausted his permissible time for argument.

The second consideration is what effect the conduct of plaintiffs’ attorney had, if any, upon the trial. The Court has noted above that this occurred after the jury had purported to have reached a verdict and the forelady had reported what she stated to be the jury’s verdict. In the polling of the jury after plaintiffs’ attorney’s conduct, Juror No. 7 reported that the announced verdict was not her verdict. Based on this indication of lack of unanimous agreement for the verdict, the Court requested the jury to return to the juryroom and endeav- or to reach a unanimous verdict. After the jury had deliberated, it reported that it had reached a unanimous verdict and the fore-lady reported a different verdict from that which had been reported before plaintiffs’ attorney’s conduct.

The sole purpose of sending the jury back was for it to try to reach a unanimous verdict. Raymark made no request for curative instruction and in the Court’s opinion, such instruction could not have overcome the impact of plaintiffs’ attorney’s conduct. The Court in an effort to save the long and expensive trial, sent the jury back to try to reconcile differences and bring in a unanimous verdict. If the jury returned with the same verdict as before, there would be no need for a new trial.

The only event which occurred between the time of the reporting of the initial verdict and the reporting of the modified verdict was the conduct of plaintiffs’ attorney. A strong inference is that plaintiffs’ attorney’s conduct caused the jury to modify its verdict. The Court has noted above that it was improper for plaintiffs’ attorney to convey any message to the jury prior to the discharge of the jury. The effect of the modification of the verdict was not only to establish plaintiffs’ right to some compensatory damages from Raymark, but also to assure that plaintiffs would receive some punitive damages. The Court notes, without deciding, that it is probable that under the initially announced verdict plaintiffs would not have been entitled to receive punitive damages in any amount in view of the requirement stated by the Supreme Court in Stephenson v. Capano Development Co., Inc., Del.Supr., 462 A.2d 1069, 1077 (1983); Reynolds v. Willis, Del.Supr., 209 A.2d 760, 764 (1965) that punitive damages be reasonably proportionate to compensatory damages. I find that plaintiffs’ attorney’s conduct caused a material change in the verdict.

Rule 8.4 of the Delaware Lawyers’ Rules of Professional Conduct states:

It is professional misconduct for a lawyer to:
* * * * * *
(d) engage in conduct that is prejudicial to the administration of justice;

[587]*587The conduct and consequences described above constitute a violation of that rule. Whether the conduct was the product of an impulsive reaction or intentional, need not be addressed here.

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Related

Reynolds v. Willis
209 A.2d 760 (Supreme Court of Delaware, 1965)
Stephenson v. Capano Development, Inc.
462 A.2d 1069 (Supreme Court of Delaware, 1983)

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Bluebook (online)
541 A.2d 584, 1988 Del. Super. LEXIS 106, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/mancari-v-ac-s-co-delsuperct-1988.