Lucas v. Tenet Health System Hospitals, Inc.

818 So. 2d 269, 2001 La.App. 4 Cir. 2219, 2002 La. App. LEXIS 1696, 2002 WL 1009813
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedMay 1, 2002
DocketNo. 2001-CA-2219
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 818 So. 2d 269 (Lucas v. Tenet Health System Hospitals, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Lucas v. Tenet Health System Hospitals, Inc., 818 So. 2d 269, 2001 La.App. 4 Cir. 2219, 2002 La. App. LEXIS 1696, 2002 WL 1009813 (La. Ct. App. 2002).

Opinion

J^DENNIS R. BAGNERIS, SR., Judge.

Sandra and Joseph Lucas appeal a trial court judgment granting an exception of prescription brought by the defendant, The Blood Center. At issue is the trial court’s application of the three-year preemptive period set forth in La.R.S. 9:5628, which provides a special prescriptive period for medical malpractice actions, to the Lucas’ claim against The Blood Center. For the following reasons, we reverse and remand to trial court for trial.

FACTS

On January 24, 2000, Mr. and Mrs. Lucas filed a lawsuit against The Blood Center and Tenet Health System Hospitals, Inc., formerly known as National Medical Enterprises, Inc. d/b/a/ St. Charles General Hospital (“St. Charles General ■ Hospital”), alleging that a blood transfusion Mrs. Lucas received on March 28, 1986 caused her to contract the hepatitis C virus. In the lawsuit, the Lucas’ allege that Mrs. Lucas was informed for the first time on February 5, 1999 that she had hepatitis C.

Both defendants filed exceptions of prescription. The record does not contain a resolution on the alternative exception of prescription/exception of prematurity filed by St. Charles General Hospital, and this exception is not the subject of this appeal. The trial court held a hearing on the prescription exception | ¡.submitted by The Blood Center, and, by judgment of July 2, 2001, granted the exception and dismissed the Lucas’ claims against The Blood Center.

Mr. and Mrs. Lucas filed a motion for new trial and/or reconsideration. The trial court denied the motion for new trial on July 19, 2001. Mr. and Mrs. Lucas appeal the judgments granting The Blood Center’s exception of prescription and denying their motion for new trial and/or reconsideration.

DISCUSSION

On appeal, Mr. and Mrs. Lucas argue that the trial court erred in granting the exception of prescription because at the time Mrs. Lucas had the transfusion, La. R.S. 9:5628 did not cover Community Blood Centers. This assignment of error involves only a question of law. See Miller v. Southern Baptist Hospital, 00-1352 (La.App. 4 Cir. 11/21/01), 806 So.2d 10.

Appellate courts review questions of law by determining whether the trial court’s decision was legally correct or incorrect. Id. p. 10, 806 So.2d 10, citing Jim Walker Homes, Inc. v. Jessen, 98-1685 (La.App. 3 Cir: 3/31/99), 732 So.2d 699. If the trial court’s decision is based on its erroneous application of law, rather than on the valid exercise of discretion, its [271]*271decision is not entitled to deference by the reviewing court. Kem Search, Inc. v. Sheffield, 434 So.2d 1067 (La.1983). When an appellate court finds that a reversible error of law was made in the lower court, it must redetermine the facts de novo from the entire record and render a judgment on the merits. Miller, supra; Lasha v. Olin Corp., 625 So.2d 1002 (La.1993); Hardy v. Blood. Systems, Inc., 2001-0134 (La.App. 3 Cir. 5/2/01) 794 So.2d 13.

In 1986, when Mrs. Lucas had the blood transfusion containing the allegedly contaminated blood, La.R.S. 9:5628 provided:

13A. No action for damages for injury or death against any physician, chiropractor, dentist, or hospital duly licensed under the laws of this state, whether based upon tort, breach of contract, or otherwise, arising out of patient care shall be brought unless filed within one year from the date of the alleged act, omission or neglect, or within one year from the date of discovery of the alleged act, omission or neglect; provided, however, that even as to claims filed within one year from the date of such discovery, in all events such claims must be filed at the latest within a period of three years from the date of the alleged act, omission or neglect.

This statute was amended in 1990 to include the phrase “or community blood center or tissue bank as defined in La. R.S. 40:1299.41(A).” It states in part:

No action for damages for injury or death against any ... hospital duly licensed under the laws of this state, or community blood center or tissue bank as defined in La. R.S. 40:1299.41(A), whether based upon tort, or breach of contract, or otherwise, arising out of patient care shall be brought unless filed within one year from the date of the alleged act, omission, or neglect, or within one year from date of discovery of the alleged act, omission, or neglect; however, even as to claims filed within one year from the date of such discovery, in all events such claims shall be filed at the latest within a period of three years from the date of the alleged act, omission, or neglect.

The Blood Center’s exception of prescription was based upon the three-year prescriptive period of La.R.S. 9:5628. Although the parties do not dispute that Mrs. Lucas filed her claim less than one year after discovering her condition, The Blood Center contended, and the trial court apparently agreed, that her claim had nevertheless prescribed because she filed her lawsuit more than three years after her transfusion. Mr. and Mrs. Lucas argue that La.R.S. 9:5628 cannot be applied to The Blood Center based on the sale or administration of blood or blood products occurring before September 7, 1990, the date that “Community Blood Center” was added to the list of enumerated healthcare providers in the statute. If La.R.S. 9:5628 is not applicable, then the general tort prescriptive period would apply-

| ¿Two appellate courts have reviewed this issue and concluded that La.R.S. 9:5628 did not apply to claims against blood centers if the transfusions at issue occurred prior to when the statute was amended to specifically include community blood centers. See Hardy v. Blood Systems, Inc., 01-0134 (La.App. 3 Cir. 5/2/01), 794 So.2d 13, writs denied 2001-1395 and 2001-1928 (La.1/11/02), 807 So.2d 234 and Williams v. Jackson Parish Hospital, 31,492 (La.App. 2 Cir. 1/13/99), 729 So.2d 620, writ denied 99-0458 (La.4/1/99), 742 So.2d 558. We find the reasoning in these cases sound and persuasive.

In addition to these two cases, Mr. and Mrs. Lucas also rely upon the recent Supreme Court decision in Williams v. Jack[272]*272son Parish Hospital, 2000-3170 (La.10/16/01), 798 So.2d 921. When the Second Circuit affirmed the trial court ruling regarding the inapplicability of La.R.S. 9:5628 to the blood center defendants, the appellate court also remanded the case for an evidentiary hearing on whether La.R.S. 9:5628 was unconstitutional as it related to the defendant hospital. After the case went back to the Second Circuit, the Supreme Court decided to review the case, explaining:

Although we granted certiorari to address the constitutionality of La. R.S. 9:5628 as it applies to individuals with diseases that have latency periods in excess of three years, we find that this matter can be resolved on a statutory construction basis. We hold that plaintiffs action in strict products liability arising out of a defective blood transfusion is not within the scope of § 5628 and therefore has not prescribed. Our contrary holding in Boutte v. Jefferson Parish Hospital Service District No. 1, 99-2402 (La.4/11/00), 759 So.2d 45, is overruled.

798 So.2d at 923.

Although the Supreme Court’s review of the Williams case involved a different issue concerning La.R.S.

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818 So. 2d 269, 2001 La.App. 4 Cir. 2219, 2002 La. App. LEXIS 1696, 2002 WL 1009813, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/lucas-v-tenet-health-system-hospitals-inc-lactapp-2002.