Lucas v. State

482 S.W.2d 236, 1972 Tex. Crim. App. LEXIS 1933
Court of Criminal Appeals of Texas·Decided June 14, 1972·No. No. 44684·Published·Cited by 5 cases

Opinions

OPINION

DAVIS, Commissioner.

This is an appeal from a conviction for felony theft. Punishment was assessed by the jury at ten years.

At the outset, appellant contends that the evidence is insufficient to corroborate the testimony of the accomplice witness.

The record reflects that one Hamon Shaw was an employee of Spartan’s Department Store, in Fort Worth, on September 13, 1970, with the duty of cleaning the store after closing hours. On this date, he asked Store Manager Weaver if he could have help with his job. It was the custom to let Shaw inside the store after closing hours, lock him inside the store and .let him out the next morning. Weaver testified that on the night of September 14, 1970, he locked Shaw and one Aurelious Singleton in the store about 9:45 P.M. At about 4:30 A.M., the next morning, Weaver received a call from the store burglary alarm system and, upon going to the store, he found the police had already arrived and was told by Shaw that Singleton had held a gun on him and tied him up. An inventory revealed “fifty some” cartons of cigarettes were missing. Pin ball and juke boxes had been broken into. Later in the day, it was discovered that 200 packages of spark plugs, with six to eight spark plugs in a package, were missing. Weaver testified that the value of the spark plugs taken was sixty-nine cents each.

Officer Weilbacher, of the San Antonio Police Department, testified that on September 15, 1970, after receiving a tip from an informant, he stopped a car driven by Singleton in which appellant was seated in the front seat. A search of the car revealed nine sets of spark plugs in a blue overnight case in the back seat and about two hundred individual spark plugs were found in the trunk.

Singleton testified that appellant told him that Shaw was employed at Spartan’s and introduced him to Shaw. Shaw told him that Spartan’s was a “good set-up” and that they could make some easy money out there. Prior to the night in question, Singleton went with Shaw to the store to look things over. According to Singleton, a plan was formulated whereby Shaw and Singleton would go to the store and Shaw was to be taped up and left there and appellant was going to bring the car after four in the morning and park it around to the side, where the “stuff” was to be placed in the car. On the night in question, appellant drove the car to the store, let Shaw and Singleton out, and took the car back to the apartment. Singleton testified that he and Shaw broke into the coin operated machine and took money therefrom, took some suit cases and loaded them with cigarettes and spark plugs. Singleton called appellant to come to the store about 4:15 A.M. and, upon arrival, they put the stolen goods in the car and left Shaw tied to the chair. Singleton said appellant had suggested that around four [238]*238o’clock in the morning was a good time to leave the store, since there were not as many patrols on the street at this time. Singleton testified further that he and appellant abandoned a plan to meet Shaw at nine that morning and drove to San Antonia fearing that Shaw might not stick with his story. Before they left Fort Worth, they purchased heroin with money obtained from the coin operated machines and after selling some of the cigarettes in San Antonio, they were on their way to purchase more heroin with a girl companion when they were arrested.

Article 38.14, Vernon’s Ann.C.C.P., provides :

“A conviction cannot be had upon the testimony of an accomplice unless corroborated by other evidence tending to connect the defendant with the offense committed; and the corroboration is not sufficient if it merely shows the commission of the offense.”

This Court said in Odom v. State, Tex.Cr.App., 438 S.W.2d 912:

“The test of the sufficiency of corroboration of an accomplice witness is to eliminate the evidence of the accomplice from consideration and then examine evidence of other witnesses to ascertain if there be inculpatory evidence or evidence of incriminating character which tends to connect accused with the commission of offense. Edwards v. State, Tex.Cr.App., 427 S.W.2d 629.”

Appellant cites Umsted v. State, Tex.Cr.App., 435 S.W.2d 156; McKnight v. State, Tex.Cr.App., 399 S.W.2d 552; Nolley v. State, Tex.Cr.App., 368 S.W.2d 218; Thomas v. State, 166 Tex.Cr.R. 331, 313 S.W.2d 311; McCain v. State, 168 Tex.Cr.R. 407, 328 S.W.2d 295.

In Umsted, there was no evidence, excluding testimony of accomplice that appellant and accomplice had been seen together, that appellant or his car was seen in town, where store burned; or that accomplice and appellant had communicated with each other. The State offered testimony that the appellant’s business, located in the building that burned, was failing; that appellant had recently taken out $20,-000 insurance on the contents of the building and appellant was in serious financial condition. This Court held such testimony to be insufficient to corroborate the testimony of accomplice.

In McKnight, discounting the accomplice’s testimony, the evidence showed that accused exercised joint control of the premises where the stolen property was temporarily stored, and there was no showing that appellant asserted any control over the stolen property or that he was even aware that the motor was stolen. This Court held that the State had failed to sufficiently corroborate the testimony of the accomplice witness.

In McCain, the testimony was held insufficient to corroborate accomplice where it was shown that accuse4 had rented a room for two nights at the same house where the accomplice stayed, and had been seen leaving the house with accomplice and one Williams, who was also accused of the offense. In addition, the manager of the insurance company that was burglarized testified that accused came to the office the morning before the burglary and purchased an insurance policy. This Court said it could find no criminative facts which would connect accused with burglary of the building aside from the testimony of the accomplice.

In Thomas, the corroboration relied on by the State came from the operators of a tavern who testified that the accused and the accomplice were drinking in their club on the night in question, when the deceased came in the tavern and after the deceased left, the accomplice also left and still later, the accused left, and they saw accused get in accomplice’s truck and drive away. A witness seated outside an adjacent cafe testified he saw two people leave in a truck and the deceased follow in his automobile. This Court said, “At best, [239]*239these circumstances merely raise a suspicion that the appellant participated in the homicide, but do not meet the requirements of the law.”

In Nolley, it was said, “The proof of appellant’s apprehension in Oklahoma, standing alone, while indicative of flight, is insufficient to corroborate the accomplice.”

The State relies on Edwards v. State, supra, in which this Court said:

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Lucas v. State, 482 S.W.2d 236, 1972 Tex. Crim. App. LEXIS 1933 (Tex. 1972).

482 S.W.2d 236 (Lucas v. State) — published by Counsel Stack Legal Research, free access to 12M+ legal documents.

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