Lucas v. Liberty Mutual Insurance

638 N.E.2d 1076, 93 Ohio App. 3d 438, 1994 Ohio App. LEXIS 1072
CourtOhio Court of Appeals
DecidedMarch 16, 1994
DocketNo. 16343.
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 638 N.E.2d 1076 (Lucas v. Liberty Mutual Insurance) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Ohio Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Lucas v. Liberty Mutual Insurance, 638 N.E.2d 1076, 93 Ohio App. 3d 438, 1994 Ohio App. LEXIS 1072 (Ohio Ct. App. 1994).

Opinion

Quillin, Presiding Judge.

Appellant, Steven J. Lucas, appeals from the trial court’s order granting summary judgment in favor of appellee, Liberty Mutual Insurance Company. We affirm.

On April 23, 1988, appellant sustained serious injuries in a traffic accident, causing him to incur medical bills in excess of $40,000. At the time of the accident, appellant was insured under a policy issued by appellee with liability coverage limits of $100,000/$300,000. Specifically at issue here are the uninsured/underinsured limits contained in that policy.

According to the record, at the time appellant purchased the policy, he signed an endorsement for uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage with limits of $15,000 and $30,000 per person and per accident respectively. He chose this amount by checking a box on a preprinted form. Appellant’s insurance agent later informed him, however, that the coverage amounts he had chosen were not available, and that the next lowest amount offered was $50,000/$100,000. Appellant agreed to that amount, although he never signed a written application specifying his choice. Appellee’s sales representative, Gregory Getzinger, testified that he offered appellant coverage equal to his liability limits:

*440 “Q. Is it my understanding then when you — when you went to meet with Mr. Lucas that he had asked for 100/300 liability insurance coverage with an underinsured/uninsured policy provision for 15,000/30,000?
“A. Yes, sir. He — I recommended the same kind of bodily limits for uninsured as bodily injury. Mr. Lucas reinforced the fact that he was a senior citizen and looking to stay within a fixed budget. And I explained to him the cost difference between the limits, and he — he wanted to stay with the limits that he had from his previous policy, which was a Hartford company, which also had the 15/30 on there, also.”

After the accident, appellee paid appellant $50,000 pursuant to his uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage. Appellant brought a declaratory judgment action arguing that, although he had chosen the $50,000/$100,000 coverage limits, he was nonetheless entitled to an amount equal to the full amount of his liability coverage. Appellee moved for summary judgment, which the trial court granted. Appellant appeals and raises one assignment of error:

“The trial court erred in granting Defendants’ Motion for Summary Judgment because, as a matter of law, Plaintiff was entitled to $100,000.00/$300,000.00 uninsured/underinsured motorists coverage.”

Appellant argues that he is entitled to $100,000/$300,000 uninsured/underin-sured motorist coverage pursuant to R.C. 3937.18. Specifically, appellant maintains that he did not expressly reject uninsured/underinsured coverage equal to the full amount of his liability coverage and that by law he is therefore entitled to the full amount. We disagree.

R.C. 3937.18 provides:

“(A) No automobile liability or motor vehicle liability policy of insurance insuring against loss resulting from liability imposed by law for bodily injury or death suffered by any person arising out of the ownership, maintenance, or use of a motor vehicle shall be delivered or issued for delivery in this state with respect to any motor vehicle registered or principally garaged in this state unless both of the following are provided:
“(1) Uninsured motorist coverage, which shall be in an amount of coverage equivalent to the automobile liability or motor vehicle liability coverage and shall provide protection for bodily injury or death under provisions approved by the superintendent of insurance, for the protection of persons insured thereunder who are legally entitled to recover damages from owners or operators of uninsured motor vehicles because of bodily injury, sickness, or disease, including death, resulting therefrom;
“(2) Underinsured motorist coverage, which shall be in an amount of coverage equivalent to the automobile liability or motor vehicle liability coverage and shall *441 provide protection for an insured against loss for bodily injury, sickness, or disease, including death, where the limits of coverage available for payment to the insured under all bodily injury liability bonds and insurance policies covering persons liable to the insured are less than the limits for the insured’s uninsured motorist coverage at the time of the accident. * * *
« $ ‡ ‡
“(C) The named insured may only reject or accept both coverages offered under division (A) of this section. * * * ”

This section has been almost uniformly interpreted to require an express rejection of uninsured/underinsured motorist coverage in an amount equal to liability coverage. See, e.g., Grange Mut. Cas. Co. v. Volkmann (1978), 54 Ohio St.2d 58, 8 O.O.3d 70, 374 N.E.2d 1258; Abate v. Pioneer Mut. Cas. Co. (1970), 22 Ohio St.2d 161, 51 O.O.2d 229, 258 N.E.2d 429. But, see, Paxson v. Shelby Mut. Ins. Co. (Dec. 12, 1991), Columbiana App. No. 90-C-73, unreported, 1991 WL 262879 (holding that express rejection of coverage is not required in order to request a lesser amount of coverage).

Ohio courts have disagreed, however, as to what constitutes such a rejection. It is clear that a separately signed provision in an insurance contract rejecting an equal amount of underinsured coverage is sufficient to constitute an express rejection of such coverage. See, e.g., Brady v. Universal Underwriters (1973), 37 Ohio App.2d 107, 66 O.O.2d 198, 307 N.E.2d 548. An insured’s completion of a form requesting a lesser amount of underinsured coverage has also been found sufficient, where there was no evidence that the insured requested that amount on an uninformed basis. Johnson v. Great Am. Ins. Co. (1988), 44 Ohio App.3d 71, 75-76, 541 N.E.2d 100, 103-105.

At least three courts, including this court, have held that an express rejection need not be in writing:

“ * * * We have found no statute or cases that require the ‘express rejection’ to be in writing. It may be an oral rejection but, oral or written, there must be an express rejection or modification of the underinsured motorists coverage. An implied rejection or modification will not satisfy the requirements of R.C. 3937.18(C). * * * ” Stroud v. Cincinnati Ins. Co. (Mar. 25, 1992), Hamilton App. Nos. C-91 0325 and C-91 0329, unreported, 1992 WL 63296; see, also, Kelly v. Natl. Union Fire Ins. (Mar. 28, 1990), Wayne App. No. 2511, unreported, 1990 WL 34840; Reddington v. Fireman’s Fund Ins. Co. (July 2, 1992), Mahoning App. No. 91 C.A. 117, unreported, 1992 WL 161157. In Reddington,

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Bluebook (online)
638 N.E.2d 1076, 93 Ohio App. 3d 438, 1994 Ohio App. LEXIS 1072, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/lucas-v-liberty-mutual-insurance-ohioctapp-1994.