Lowe v. Lowe

123 A.D.3d 1207, 998 N.Y.S.2d 252
Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York·Decided December 4, 2014·Published·Cited by 135 cases

Opinion

Clark, J.

Cross appeals from a judgment of the Supreme Court (Rumsey, J.), entered December 5, 2013 in Tompkins County, ordering, among other things, equitable distribution of the parties’ marital property, upon a decision of the court.

Plaintiff (hereinafter the husband) and defendant (hereinafter the wife) were married in 2005 and have no children together. In February 2012, the husband commenced this action for divorce. The parties stipulated to the grounds for divorce and the division of some marital assets, but proceeded to a nonjury trial on the issues of equitable distribution, maintenance and counsel fees. Thereafter, Supreme Court granted the husband an absolute divorce dissolving the marriage and [1208] ordered the distribution of the marital property, including several bank and investment accounts and the marital residence. The court also ordered that the husband pay the wife $23,000 in counsel fees, as well as $3,000 per month in spousal maintenance for approximately 2V2 years. The husband now appeals from so much of the judgment as awarded equitable distribution, maintenance and counsel fees, and the wife cross-appeals.

Beginning with the husband’s claims of error with respect to equitable distribution, Supreme Court’s first task was to determine whether assets were separate property belonging only to one spouse, or whether the assets were marital property (see Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [1] [c], [d]). Notably, the appreciation in value of separate property during the marriage may be subject to equitable distribution as marital property where the nontitled spouse bears his or her burden of establishing that “such appreciation is due in part to [his or her] contributions or efforts” (Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [1] [d] [3]; see Johnson v Chapin, 12 NY3d 461, 466 [2009]; Jones v Jones, 92 AD3d 845, 847 [2012], lv denied 19 NY3d 805 [2012]; Bernholc v Bornstein, 72 AD3d 625, 628 [2010]). Supreme Court found the appreciation of the marital residence, the husband’s Ameriprise investment portfolio and his IBM pension and savings plans to be marital property. The husband now claims error arguing that three of the six investment accounts making up his portfolio should have been deemed separate property immune to equitable distribution.

The record reflects that, prior to the parties’ marriage, the husband had an investment portfolio that contained two annuities, a life insurance policy, a Roth individual retirement account (hereinafter IRA), an IRA rolled over from a former employer and a money market account. The husband testified that he made no contributions to either annuity during the marriage, nor to the IRA. However, he further explained that he paid his life insurance premium, invested in his IRA and made withdrawals from and deposits into his money market account which was jointly held by the wife, all during the course of his marriage. To this end, the parties agreed that accounts within the portfolio were funded by money from their joint checking account, and the portfolio as a whole was managed by the same investment broker. The parties further agree that the Ameriprise portfolio increased in value over the course of the marriage by $95,983; however, on appeal, the husband now argues that approximately $65,000 of this increase in value is in fact separate property.

We find no error in the determination that the increase in [1209] value of the entire Ameriprise portfolio during the course of the marriage was marital property inasmuch as it was well within Supreme Court’s sound discretion to credit the testimony that marital money was used to fund the portfolio as a whole without delineating each of its parts. This seems especially so in light of the fact that the husband identified the entire portfolio as one asset in his pretrial submission to the court proposing disposition. Moreover, although the record contains statements from the three accounts in question, there is nothing in these documents to indicate that any contributions were or were not made during the marriage. Thus, the husband failed to rebut the presumption — beyond his own disputed testimony — that “this once separate asset became marital property” subject to equitable distribution (Cassara v Cassara, 1 AD3d 817, 819 [2003]; cf. Chernoff v Chernoff, 31 AD3d 900, 903 [2006]).

Upon determining that a given asset constitutes marital property, a court must then equitably distribute its value between the parties, considering “a variety of factors including, among others, ‘the income and property of each party at the time of marriage, and at the time of the commencement of the action; . . . the loss of health insurance benefits upon dissolution of the marriage; . . . any award of maintenance the probable future financial circumstances of each party; [and] the wasteful dissipation of assets by either spouse’ ” (Roberto v Roberto, 90 AD3d 1373, 1375 [2011], quoting Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [5] [d]). “Trial courts are accorded substantial deference in determining what distribution of marital property is equitable” (Altieri v Altieri, 35 AD3d 1093, 1094-1095 [2006] [citations omitted]; accord Cornish v Eraca-Cornish, 107 AD3d 1322, 1322 [2013]). Here, both parties agree that the challenges on appeal relate to various assets that are properly characterized as the husband’s separate property that appreciated over the course of the parties’ marriage, but the husband maintains that Supreme Court’s judgment should be modified to reduce the amount of the wife’s award of the appreciation in value of those assets from 50% to 20%.

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Lowe v. Lowe, 123 A.D.3d 1207, 998 N.Y.S.2d 252 (N.Y. Ct. App. 2014).

123 A.D.3d 1207 (Lowe v. Lowe) — published by Counsel Stack Legal Research, free access to 12M+ legal documents.

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