IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI
NO. 2020-CP-00686-COA
LORANZY JENKINS APPELLANT
v.
STATE OF MISSISSIPPI APPELLEE
DATE OF JUDGMENT: 06/11/2020 TRIAL JUDGE: HON. DEWEY KEY ARTHUR COURT FROM WHICH APPEALED: RANKIN COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT: LORANZY JENKINS (PRO SE) ATTORNEY FOR APPELLEE: OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL BY: BRITTNEY S. EAKINS NATURE OF THE CASE: CIVIL - POST-CONVICTION RELIEF DISPOSITION: AFFIRMED - 08/17/2021 MOTION FOR REHEARING FILED: MANDATE ISSUED:
BEFORE BARNES, C.J., McDONALD AND McCARTY, JJ.
BARNES, C.J., FOR THE COURT:
¶1. Loranzy Jenkins, appearing pro se, appeals the Rankin County Circuit Court’s
dismissal of his motion for post-conviction relief (PCR). The circuit court ruled his motion
was successive. Finding no error, we affirm.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
¶2. On May 5, 2015, Jenkins was indicted and later pleaded guilty to two counts of
gratification of lust (fondling a child) under Mississippi Code Annotated section 97-5-23(1)
(Rev. 2014). The circuit court sentenced him to fifteen years for each count in the custody
of the Mississippi Department of Corrections, suspended nine years from each count, and
imposed five years of post-release supervision, with the sentences set to run consecutively. See Jenkins v. State, 283 So. 3d 217, 219 (¶2) (Miss. Ct. App. 2019) (Jenkins I).
¶3. On December 4, 2017, Jenkins filed his first PCR motion, arguing his indictment was
fatally defective because it did not include the word “feloniously” for either count or the
phrase “against the peace and dignity of the State of Mississippi.” Id. at (¶3). He claimed
these defects resulted in “an illegal sentence, plain error, and the denial of due process
during his prosecution and sentencing.” Id. The circuit court denied his PCR motion,
finding his arguments were without merit. Id. at (¶4). Jenkins appealed, and this Court
affirmed the denial. Id. at (¶1).
¶4. On June 2, 2020, Jenkins filed a second PCR motion, again arguing his indictment
was defective because it did not include the word “feloniously” and also because it omitted
the phrase “with or without consent.”1 The circuit court dismissed Jenkins’s motion as
successive, and he appealed.
STANDARD OF REVIEW
¶5. This Court reviews a circuit court’s denial or dismissal of a PCR motion for an abuse
of discretion and “will not disturb the trial court’s factual findings unless they are clearly
erroneous.” Purvis v. State, 240 So. 3d 468, 470 (¶7) (Miss. Ct. App. 2017). Whether an
indictment is fatally defective is a question of law that is reviewed de novo. Bryant v. State,
238 So. 3d 1213, 1216 (¶7) (Miss. Ct. App. 2018).
ANALYSIS
1 Jenkins raised this argument for the first time in his appellate reply brief regarding his first PCR motion. This Court found the argument was procedurally barred. Id. at 221 (¶14).
2 ¶6. Jenkins argues that his indictment was fatally defective for omitting the term
“feloniously” from the charge of gratification of lust, as well as omitted the phrase “with or
without consent.” Jenkins claims these omissions are essential elements of the charge and
therefore affect a fundamental right and may not be waived.
¶7. We disagree. Jenkins provides no valid reason why his motion should survive the
procedural bars. Notwithstanding the procedural bars, Jenkins’s arguments alleging his
indictment was defective are without merit.
I. Procedural Bars
¶8. The Uniform Post-Conviction Collateral Relief Act (UPCCRA) provides that any
order denying or dismissing a PCR motion bars a second or successive motion. Miss. Code
Ann. § 99-39-23(6) (Rev. 2015). The movant “bears the burden of proving by a
preponderance of the evidence that his claims are not barred as successive writs.” Williams
v. State, 110 So. 3d 840, 843 (¶13) (Miss. Ct. App. 2013). Jenkins filed his first PCR
motion in December 2017, which the trial court denied in March 2018. After this Court
affirmed the PCR motion’s denial in April 2019, Jenkins filed his second PCR motion in
June 2020, which the trial court correctly found to be successive and dismissed it.
¶9. Jenkins tries to elude the procedural bar by arguing that the omissions in his
indictment of the words “feloniously” and “with or without consent” are essential elements
of the charged crime (gratification of lust) and therefore cannot be waived. Further, he
argues the omissions constitute plain error impacting his fundamental rights to notice and
due process.
3 ¶10. Jenkins is correct that a valid guilty plea will “not waive the defendant’s right to
assert that the indictment fails to charge an essential element of the crime.” Carter v. State,
204 So. 3d 791, 795 (¶18) (Miss. Ct. App. 2016) (quoting Garrett v. State, 110 So. 3d 790,
793 (¶9) (Miss. Ct. App. 2012)). However, as will be discussed in the next issue, the so-
called omissions are not essential elements of the crime of gratification of lust.
¶11. Further, “[e]rrors affecting fundamental constitutional rights are excepted from the
procedural bars of the UPCCRA.” Rowland v. State, 42 So. 3d 503, 507 (¶12) (Miss. 2010).
“But mere assertions of constitutional-rights violations do not suffice to overcome the
procedural bar.” White v. State, 59 So. 3d 633, 636 (¶11) (Miss. Ct. App. 2011). In
Mississippi to date, the rights expressly found to be “fundamental” and excepted from the
procedural bar are prohibitions against double jeopardy, an illegal sentence, denial of due
process at sentencing, and ex-post-facto claims. Salter v. State, 184 So. 3d 944, 950 (¶22)
(Miss. Ct. App. 2015). This Court has also recognized that “the due-process right not to
stand trial or be convicted while incompetent is a fundamental right not subject to the
procedural bars . . . .” Brown v. State, 198 So. 3d 325, 330 (¶9) (Miss. Ct. App. 2015)
(citing Smith v. State, 149 So. 3d 1027, 1031 (¶8) (Miss. 2014), overruled on other grounds
by Pitchford v. State, 240 So. 3d 1061, 1070 (¶49) (Miss. 2017)). In addition, a claim of
ineffective assistance of counsel may be excepted from the statute of limitation and
successive-motion bar in exceptional or extraordinary circumstances. McDonald v. State,
307 So. 3d 497, 500 (¶7) (Miss. Ct. App. 2020) (citing Conley v. State, No. 2011-M-01006,
2020 WL 949240, at *1 (Miss. Feb. 26, 2020) (order)); Chapman v. State, 167 So. 3d 1170,
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IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF MISSISSIPPI
NO. 2020-CP-00686-COA
LORANZY JENKINS APPELLANT
v.
STATE OF MISSISSIPPI APPELLEE
DATE OF JUDGMENT: 06/11/2020 TRIAL JUDGE: HON. DEWEY KEY ARTHUR COURT FROM WHICH APPEALED: RANKIN COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT: LORANZY JENKINS (PRO SE) ATTORNEY FOR APPELLEE: OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL BY: BRITTNEY S. EAKINS NATURE OF THE CASE: CIVIL - POST-CONVICTION RELIEF DISPOSITION: AFFIRMED - 08/17/2021 MOTION FOR REHEARING FILED: MANDATE ISSUED:
BEFORE BARNES, C.J., McDONALD AND McCARTY, JJ.
BARNES, C.J., FOR THE COURT:
¶1. Loranzy Jenkins, appearing pro se, appeals the Rankin County Circuit Court’s
dismissal of his motion for post-conviction relief (PCR). The circuit court ruled his motion
was successive. Finding no error, we affirm.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
¶2. On May 5, 2015, Jenkins was indicted and later pleaded guilty to two counts of
gratification of lust (fondling a child) under Mississippi Code Annotated section 97-5-23(1)
(Rev. 2014). The circuit court sentenced him to fifteen years for each count in the custody
of the Mississippi Department of Corrections, suspended nine years from each count, and
imposed five years of post-release supervision, with the sentences set to run consecutively. See Jenkins v. State, 283 So. 3d 217, 219 (¶2) (Miss. Ct. App. 2019) (Jenkins I).
¶3. On December 4, 2017, Jenkins filed his first PCR motion, arguing his indictment was
fatally defective because it did not include the word “feloniously” for either count or the
phrase “against the peace and dignity of the State of Mississippi.” Id. at (¶3). He claimed
these defects resulted in “an illegal sentence, plain error, and the denial of due process
during his prosecution and sentencing.” Id. The circuit court denied his PCR motion,
finding his arguments were without merit. Id. at (¶4). Jenkins appealed, and this Court
affirmed the denial. Id. at (¶1).
¶4. On June 2, 2020, Jenkins filed a second PCR motion, again arguing his indictment
was defective because it did not include the word “feloniously” and also because it omitted
the phrase “with or without consent.”1 The circuit court dismissed Jenkins’s motion as
successive, and he appealed.
STANDARD OF REVIEW
¶5. This Court reviews a circuit court’s denial or dismissal of a PCR motion for an abuse
of discretion and “will not disturb the trial court’s factual findings unless they are clearly
erroneous.” Purvis v. State, 240 So. 3d 468, 470 (¶7) (Miss. Ct. App. 2017). Whether an
indictment is fatally defective is a question of law that is reviewed de novo. Bryant v. State,
238 So. 3d 1213, 1216 (¶7) (Miss. Ct. App. 2018).
ANALYSIS
1 Jenkins raised this argument for the first time in his appellate reply brief regarding his first PCR motion. This Court found the argument was procedurally barred. Id. at 221 (¶14).
2 ¶6. Jenkins argues that his indictment was fatally defective for omitting the term
“feloniously” from the charge of gratification of lust, as well as omitted the phrase “with or
without consent.” Jenkins claims these omissions are essential elements of the charge and
therefore affect a fundamental right and may not be waived.
¶7. We disagree. Jenkins provides no valid reason why his motion should survive the
procedural bars. Notwithstanding the procedural bars, Jenkins’s arguments alleging his
indictment was defective are without merit.
I. Procedural Bars
¶8. The Uniform Post-Conviction Collateral Relief Act (UPCCRA) provides that any
order denying or dismissing a PCR motion bars a second or successive motion. Miss. Code
Ann. § 99-39-23(6) (Rev. 2015). The movant “bears the burden of proving by a
preponderance of the evidence that his claims are not barred as successive writs.” Williams
v. State, 110 So. 3d 840, 843 (¶13) (Miss. Ct. App. 2013). Jenkins filed his first PCR
motion in December 2017, which the trial court denied in March 2018. After this Court
affirmed the PCR motion’s denial in April 2019, Jenkins filed his second PCR motion in
June 2020, which the trial court correctly found to be successive and dismissed it.
¶9. Jenkins tries to elude the procedural bar by arguing that the omissions in his
indictment of the words “feloniously” and “with or without consent” are essential elements
of the charged crime (gratification of lust) and therefore cannot be waived. Further, he
argues the omissions constitute plain error impacting his fundamental rights to notice and
due process.
3 ¶10. Jenkins is correct that a valid guilty plea will “not waive the defendant’s right to
assert that the indictment fails to charge an essential element of the crime.” Carter v. State,
204 So. 3d 791, 795 (¶18) (Miss. Ct. App. 2016) (quoting Garrett v. State, 110 So. 3d 790,
793 (¶9) (Miss. Ct. App. 2012)). However, as will be discussed in the next issue, the so-
called omissions are not essential elements of the crime of gratification of lust.
¶11. Further, “[e]rrors affecting fundamental constitutional rights are excepted from the
procedural bars of the UPCCRA.” Rowland v. State, 42 So. 3d 503, 507 (¶12) (Miss. 2010).
“But mere assertions of constitutional-rights violations do not suffice to overcome the
procedural bar.” White v. State, 59 So. 3d 633, 636 (¶11) (Miss. Ct. App. 2011). In
Mississippi to date, the rights expressly found to be “fundamental” and excepted from the
procedural bar are prohibitions against double jeopardy, an illegal sentence, denial of due
process at sentencing, and ex-post-facto claims. Salter v. State, 184 So. 3d 944, 950 (¶22)
(Miss. Ct. App. 2015). This Court has also recognized that “the due-process right not to
stand trial or be convicted while incompetent is a fundamental right not subject to the
procedural bars . . . .” Brown v. State, 198 So. 3d 325, 330 (¶9) (Miss. Ct. App. 2015)
(citing Smith v. State, 149 So. 3d 1027, 1031 (¶8) (Miss. 2014), overruled on other grounds
by Pitchford v. State, 240 So. 3d 1061, 1070 (¶49) (Miss. 2017)). In addition, a claim of
ineffective assistance of counsel may be excepted from the statute of limitation and
successive-motion bar in exceptional or extraordinary circumstances. McDonald v. State,
307 So. 3d 497, 500 (¶7) (Miss. Ct. App. 2020) (citing Conley v. State, No. 2011-M-01006,
2020 WL 949240, at *1 (Miss. Feb. 26, 2020) (order)); Chapman v. State, 167 So. 3d 1170,
4 1174 (¶12) (Miss. 2015). A defective-indictment claim is not included in any recognized
exceptions to the procedural bars; therefore, Jenkins’s argument fails. Nevertheless, we
shall address the merit of his arguments.
II. Indictment
¶12. “[A]n indictment shall be a plain, concise, and definite written statement of the
essential facts constituting the offense charged and shall fully notify the defendant of the
nature and cause of the accusation.” Williams v. State, 169 So. 3d 932, 935 (¶9) (Miss. Ct.
App. 2014) (quoting URCCC 7.06). “An indictment must contain (1) the essential elements
of the offense charged, (2) sufficient facts to fairly inform the defendant of the charge
against which he must defend, and (3) sufficient facts to enable him to plead double
jeopardy in the event of a future prosecution for the same offense.” Id. (quoting Gilmer v.
State, 955 So. 2d 829, 836-37 (¶24) (Miss. 2007)). “[W]here an indictment tracks the
language of the statute, the indictment sufficiently puts the defendant on notice of the
charges against him in order to prepare his defense.” Hicks v. State, 40 So. 3d 640, 642 (¶9)
(Miss. Ct. App. 2010) (quoting Miller v. State, 18 So. 3d 898, 908 (¶43) (Miss. Ct. App.
2009)).
¶13. The term “feloniously” is not included in the statute and thus not an essential element
of the crime. Section 97-5-23(1) provides:
Any person above the age of eighteen (18) years, who, for the purpose of gratifying his or her lust, or indulging his or her depraved licentious sexual desires, shall handle, touch or rub with hands or any part of his or her body or any member thereof, or with any object, any child under the age of sixteen (16) years, with or without the child’s consent . . . shall be guilty of a felony ....
5 (Emphasis added). “Feloniously” is not an element of the offense; the offense results in a
“felony.” Jenkins’s indictment tracks the language of the statute:
[F]or the purpose of gratifying his lust or indulging his depraved licentious sexual desires, did willfully, unlawfully, and intentionally handle, touch or rub with his hands or any part of his body, the body of S.P., a minor female child under the age of sixteen (16) years . . . all within the jurisdiction of this court, in violation of Mississippi Code Annotated Section 97-5-23(1) . . . .
As this Court stated in Jenkins I, “[i]ndictments that track the language of the Mississippi
Code are sufficient to provide notice of the crime charged.” Pitts v. State, 249 So. 3d 472,
475 (¶8) (Miss. Ct. App. 2018). Moreover, “there is no crime of misdemeanor gratification
of lust that would require differentiation through the use of the word ‘feloniously.’” Jenkins
I, 283 So. 3d at 221 (¶10).
¶14. Jenkins’s argument that the indictment is defective due to the omission of the words
“with or without consent” fails as well. While this phrase is found within the statute,
consent is not an essential element to this particular crime because conduct both with
consent and without consent is prohibited. Unlike sexual crimes against adults, where lack
of consent is an essential element, children are legally incapable of consenting to sexual
relations. See Lisa S. Nored, Child Advocacy in Mississippi § 8.13 (updated July 2021)
(“[B]ecause the child is under the legal age of consent for purposes of sexual conduct, the
consent of the child is irrelevant.”). Therefore, Jenkins’s arguments are without merit, and
his indictment was not defective.
CONCLUSION
¶15. Jenkins offers no valid reason why his PCR motion is not procedurally barred, and
6 we find none. Further, his indictment was not defective, and it contained the essential
elements of gratification of lust, placing him on notice of the charge. Accordingly, the trial
court properly dismissed Jenkins’s PCR motion.
¶16. AFFIRMED.
CARLTON, P.J., GREENLEE, WESTBROOKS, McDONALD, LAWRENCE, McCARTY, SMITH AND EMFINGER, JJ., CONCUR. WILSON, P.J., CONCURS IN PART AND IN THE RESULT WITHOUT SEPARATE WRITTEN OPINION.