Logan Estes v. Director, Division of Workforce Services

2023 Ark. App. 452

• Court: Court of Appeals of Arkansas
• Decided: October 18, 2023
• Status: Published

Opinion

Cite as 2023 Ark. App. 452 ARKANSAS COURT OF APPEALS DIVISION III No. E-22-375

LOGAN ESTES Opinion Delivered October 18, 2023 APPELLANT APPEAL FROM THE ARKANSAS BOARD OF REVIEW V. [NO. 2021-BR-05706]

DIRECTOR, DIVISION OF WORKFORCE SERVICES APPELLEE AFFIRMED IN PART; REMANDED IN PART

RAYMOND R. ABRAMSON, Judge

Logan Estes (“Estes”) appeals to this court, challenging the Arkansas Board of

Review’s (“Board’s”) decision requiring her to repay unemployment-compensation benefits

she previously received in the amount of $11,160. We affirm in part and remand in part.

I. Background and Procedural History

The record indicates that Estes received $135 in weekly state unemployment benefits

for the weeks ending March 28 through July 11, 2020, which amounts to a total of $2,160.

In addition, Estes received $600 in weekly Federal Pandemic Unemployment Compensation

(“FPUC”) for the weeks ending April 4 through July 11, 2020, for a total of $9,000. The

record also contains a notice of agency determination dated September 15, 2021, that

disqualified Estes from receiving benefits beginning March 28, 2020. The decision

disqualifying Estes from unemployment benefits was ultimately upheld by the Board in a separate appeal and affirmed by this court in Estes v. Director, No. E-22-399 (Ark. App. Oct.

18, 2023) (aff’d without written opinion). That underlying disqualification is therefore not

before us. In this separate appeal, we address only the issue of repayment.

II. Standard of Review

Board decisions are upheld if they are supported by substantial evidence. Blanton v.

Dir., 2019 Ark. App. 205, 575 S.W.3d 186. Substantial evidence is such relevant evidence

that reasonable minds might accept as adequate to support a conclusion. Id. In appeals of

unemployment-compensation cases, we view the evidence and all reasonable inferences

deducible therefrom in the light most favorable to the Board’s findings. Id. Even if there is

evidence that could support a different decision, our review is limited to whether the Board

could have reasonably reached its decision based on the evidence presented. Id. However,

our function on appeal is not merely to rubber-stamp decisions arising from the Board.

Thomas v. Dir., 2019 Ark. App. 468, 587 S.W.3d 612; Wilson v. Dir., 2017 Ark. App. 171,

517 S.W.3d 427.

III. Analysis

This court’s recent decision in Carman v. Director, 2023 Ark. App. 51, 660 S.W.3d

852, confirmed that, for purposes of overpayment of state unemployment benefits, the

repayment may be waived “if the director finds that the overpayment was received as a direct

result of an error by the Division of Workforce Services and that its recovery would be against

equity and good conscience.” Carman, 2023 Ark. App. 51, at 7, 660 S.W.3d at 857 (quoting

Ark. Code Ann. § 11-10-532(b)(2)(A) (Supp. 2021)). Carman also holds that FPUC

2 repayment may be waived if the State determines that the payment of the FPUC was without

fault on the part of the individual and that such repayment would be contrary to equity and

good conscience. Id. at 8, 660 S.W.3d at 857 (citing 15 U.S.C. § 9023(f)(2)).

In the present case, the Board found that the overpayment of benefits was a result of

a final disqualifying Board determination. The Board stated, more specifically:

The overpayment must have been caused as a direct result of the Division’s error, and it must be against principles of equity and good conscience to require repayment. See Ark. Code Ann. 11-10-532(b)(2). In this case, the overpayment resulted from a disqualifying determination. While the claimant may not have been at fault in causing the overpayment, it was not caused as a direct result of the Division’s error. Principles of equity and good conscience need not be addressed as the claimant must meet both elements to avoid repayment. Therefore, the Tribunal decision finding the claimant liable for repayment is affirmed.

Here, the Board found that the overpayment of benefits was a result of a final

disqualifying Board determination finding that Estes “voluntarily left last work without good

cause connected to the work.” We hold that there is substantial evidence to support the

Board’s findings. The record indicates, and Estes admits, that she voluntarily left work in

order to avoid the risk of exposing her grandparents, with whom she resided, to COVID-19.

Because Estes fails to satisfy the first prong of her state unemployment-waiver analysis that

overpayment was received as a result of an error by the Division of Workforce Services, we

affirm the decision requiring Estes to repay $2,160 in state unemployment benefits.

Though the Board stated that “the claimant may not have been at fault in causing the

overpayment,” we find that this is insufficient to conclude the inquiry regarding the first

3 prong of the FPUC-waiver analysis, whether the payment was “without fault on the part of

the individual.” Hill v. Dir., 2023 Ark. App. 418, ___ S.W.3d ___.

The Board also failed to make findings regarding the second prong of the FPUC-

waiver analysis, i.e., whether repayment would be contrary to equity and good conscience. If

adequate findings of fact are not made on the issue presented, we remand to the Board for

findings of fact and conclusions of law upon which to perform proper appellate review.

Pillow v. Dir., 2022 Ark. App. 341, at 4. We therefore remand to the Board for findings of

fact and conclusions of law regarding whether the overpayment of $9,000 in FPUC benefits

was without fault on the part of Estes and whether repayment would be contrary to equity

and good conscience.

Affirmed in part; remanded in part.

VIRDEN and HIXSON, JJ., agree.

Logan Estes, pro se appellant.

Cynthia L. Uhrynowycz, Associate General Counsel, for appellee.