Lister v. State

1974 OK CR 202, 528 P.2d 1126
CourtCourt of Criminal Appeals of Oklahoma
DecidedNovember 19, 1974
DocketNo. F-74-546
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 1974 OK CR 202 (Lister v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Criminal Appeals of Oklahoma primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Lister v. State, 1974 OK CR 202, 528 P.2d 1126 (Okla. Ct. App. 1974).

Opinion

OPINION

BUSSEY, Judge.

Appellant Norman Lister, hereinafter referred to as defendant, was charged, tried and convicted in the District Court, Custer County, Case. No. CRF-72-141, for the offense of Forgery in the Second Degree, After Former Conviction of a Felony; his punishment was fixed at ten (10) years imprisonment, and from said judgment and sentence a timely appeal has been perfected to this Court.

At the trial, Mrs. Pauline Martinez testified that on November 10, 1972, while employed as a cashier at the Arapaho Liquor Store in Arapaho, Oklahoma, she received the check she identified as State’s Exhibit #1. Mrs. Martinez said that a black man, approximately 40 years old and 5' 8" tall, wearing an overcoat and having a mustache, gave her the $27.50 check in exchange for two pints of Canadian Liquor and some cash. She further testified that at the time of the purchase the man endorsed the back of the check with the name “James Wilson,” and this check was [1128]*1128drawn on the account of Bill Smith and made payable to James Wilson. Mrs. Martinez concluded her testimony saying that the check had been returned from the payee bank at Clinton marked “no account” and that the amount had never been collected. Following her testimony State’s Exhibit # 1 was entered into evidence.

Leroy Pearson, Vice President and cashier of the First National Bank of Clinton, also identified Exhibit #1, testifying that his bank had received the check from the Federal Reserve on November 14th, and that he then ascertained that his bank did not have an account in Bill J. Smith’s name, nor had they had for at least a year prior to November 10, 1972.

Custer County Undersheriff Richard Mueller identified an instrument marked State’s Exhibit #2, .as a form used for obtaining a handwriting,exemplar. He testified that the form was filled out March 8, 1973, in his presence by the defendant, whom he identified at trial, and that it was then given to the District Attorney. At this point State’s Exhibit #2 was entered into evidence. The witness further testified that on or about November 10, 1972, he determined, through the use of crisscross directories, and other records, that no one by the name of Bill J. Smith resided in Custer County. On cross-examination, the witness explained that he had arrested the defendant on March 8, 1973, and taken the handwriting exemplar the same day.

Ernest Smith, an examiner of questioned documents from Oklahoma City, who was qualified as an expert witness with 18 years experience, testified that he had examined State’s Exhibits #1 and #2, and that, in his opinion, the instruments were written by the same person. The witness also gave a lengthy, technical analysis of the writings. At this time State’s Exhibit #3, an enlarged copy of portions of the other two exhibits, was introduced and admitted into evidence as a demonstrative exhibit. With the above evidence, the State rested.

Testifying in his own behalf, the defendant told the jury that he had lived in Clinton all his life and that he currently worked for a pipeline company. He admitted that in 1963 he had entered a guilty plea to a robbery charge and received a suspended sentence. He added that later in 1963, his suspended sentence was revoked when he received another suspended sentence for a second felony charge. The defendant explained that the second charge stemmed from a gambling game which he won, with one of the losing players subsequently filing armed robbery charges against him.

The defendant further testified that since 1961, he had worked for a local cotton gin every year, that he did not have a bank account, that he did not write the check in State’s Exhibit #1, and that he had not been in the Arapaho Liquor Store for a long time, nor since the present owners had operated it.

On cross-examination, the defendant admitted that in September, 1955, he was convicted of Forgery in the Second Degree, in Custer County.

In the first-stage jury proceedings, the defendant was found guilty of the offense and plead guilty to the Former Conviction and waived the second-stage of the proceedings and agreed to the court assessing the punishment.

In his first proposition of error, the defendant contends that his constitutional rights under the Sixth Amendment were violated because the handwriting exemplar elicited from him after his arrest was without the presence of counsel. In this connection the defendant relies on Massiah v. United States, 377 U.S. 201, 84 S.Ct. 1199, 12 L.Ed.2d 246 (1964), holding that a defendant has the right to counsel in post-indictment interrogation.

We would point, out, however, that the taking of handwriting exemplars was distinguished from other post-indictment interrogatories in Gilbert v. California, 388 U.S. 263, 87 S.Ct. 1951, 18 L.Ed.2d 1178, [1129]*1129providing that it is not required that counsel be present when handwriting exemplars are taken from an accused; nor does the taking of such exemplars violate the constitutional rights of the defendant. For Oklahoma cases holding the same, see Smith v. State, Okl.Cr., 462 P.2d 328 (1969) and Garrett v. State, Okl.Cr., 525 P.2d 1238 (1974). Accordingly, we find the first proposition to be without merit.

Defendant next asserts that reversible error occurred when the court overruled his Motion for a Mistrial on the basis of a question asked in the cross-examination of the defendant. The alleged error, found at pages 80-81 of the transcript, reads as follows:

“Q. Norman, you were talking about that little old charge back in 1963, that is the one where you were gambling. Did you not in truth and fact stab a man with a knife?
MR. MEACHAM: We will object to that and move that the jury be admonished — that it be stricken from the record and the jury be admonished not to consider it for the reason it is highly inflammatory and had no basis in fact.
THE COURT: Sustained. Ladies and Gentlemen of the Jury there is a rule in evidence that if anybody testifies in court you can show that they have a prior conviction of a felony for the purpose of the jury weighing the credibility of what the witness has testified to in court, and that is the only purpose that you can show a prior conviction of a felony and that is all you can show is a prior conviction of a crime, and it is only solely for the purpose of weighing the credibility of that witness’s testimony.
Anything else would be irrelevant and improper and that question the objection is sustained to it.
The jury is asked to disregard it completely, and it was just a question. There isn’t any answer, no fact, or nothT ing along that line. So please disregard it.”

The defendant then moved for a mistrial and the motion was overruled.

The defendant, in his brief, relies on Winn v. State, 94 Okl.Cr.

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Related

Stewart v. State
580 P.2d 473 (Nevada Supreme Court, 1978)

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Bluebook (online)
1974 OK CR 202, 528 P.2d 1126, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/lister-v-state-oklacrimapp-1974.