[Cite as Lichtenwalter v. Stark Cty. Dept. of Jobs & Family Servs., 2012-Ohio-75.]
COURT OF APPEALS STARK COUNTY, OHIO FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
DOROTHY LICHTENWALTER JUDGES: Hon. William B. Hoffman, P.J. Appellant Hon. Sheila G. Farmer, J. Hon. Julie A. Edwards, J. -vs- Case No. 2011CA00154 STARK COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF JOBS AND FAMILY SERVICES, ET AL. OPINION Appellee
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Appeal from the Stark County Court of Common Pleas, Juvenile Division, Case No. 2010JCV00609
JUDGMENT: Affirmed in part; reversed in part, and Remanded
DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: January 9, 2012
APPEARANCES:
For Appellant For Appellee
GREGORY J. RUFO LISA A. LOUY BRIAN K. NAM Legal Counsel The Rufo Law Firm Stark County JFS 900 Chase Tower 221 Third Street SE 101 Central Plaza S. Canton, Ohio 44702 Canton, Ohio 44702
Appellee
MARY K. HEADLEY 325 Clarendon, NW Canton, Ohio 44708 Stark County, Case No. 2011CA00154 2
Hoffman, P.J.
(¶1) Appellant Dorothy Lichtenwalter (“Paternal Grandmother”) appeals the
June 17, 2011 Judgment Entry entered by the Stark County Court of Common Pleas,
Juvenile Division, which granted legal custody of her four minor grandchildren to Mary
Kay Headley (“Maternal Grandmother”) and provided Appellant visitation with the
children as directed by Maternal Grandmother. Appellee is Stark County Department of
Jobs and Family Services (“SCJFS”).
STATEMENT OF THE FACTS AND CASE
(¶2) Paternal Grandmother is the paternal grandmother of T.L. (dob 2/27/02);
R.L. (dob 8/29/03); A.L. (dob 8/12/07) and E.L. (dob 8/14/09). SCJFS filed a Complaint
on June 4, 2010, requesting legal custody of the four children be given to Maternal
Grandmother. The children were removed from their parents’ custody on that day. The
trial court conducted a shelter care hearing on June 4, 2010, ordered the children be
placed in the emergency temporary custody of Maternal Grandmother, and granted
protective supervision to SCJFS. The children remained with Maternal Grandmother
throughout the course of the proceedings.
(¶3) Paternal Grandmother filed a Motion to Intervene/Motion for Custody. The
trial court found the children to be dependent and continued temporary custody with
Maternal Grandmother. The trial court ordered SCJFS to view the physical condition of
Paternal Grandmother’s home. After conducting a hearing, the trial court granted
Paternal Grandmother’s request to intervene. Thereafter, Paternal Grandmother filed a
Motion for Legal Custody/Motion for Grandparent Visitation Rights. Paternal
Grandmother included a request for interim visitation orders. Following a hearing, the Stark County, Case No. 2011CA00154 3
parties agreed visitation would occur at the recommendation of the CASA/GAL and
T.L.’s therapist, Dr. Robin Tener.
(¶4) SCJFS filed a motion to change legal custody of the children to Maternal
Grandmother on March 23, 2011. Paternal Grandmother filed a motion for legal
custody. Father filed a motion for return of custody. The trial court scheduled a hearing
on the motions for June 14, 2011. Prior to the motions hearing, Paternal Grandmother
filed a motion for in-camera interview with the children.
(¶5) The trial court conducted the hearing on the motions on June 17, 2011.
The trial court found neither parent had completed his/her case plan; Father was living
with Paternal Grandmother; and Dr. Tener as well as the CASA/GAL recommended the
children remain in the custody of Maternal Grandmother and visitation with Paternal
Grandmother be limited for fear of exposure to Father. The trial court granted legal
custody to Maternal Grandmother subject to visitation with Paternal Grandmother as
directed by Maternal Grandmother. The trial court memorialized its decision via
Judgment Entry filed June 17, 2011. The June 17, 2011 Judgment Entry did not
terminate SCJFS’s involvement, however, notice of termination was provided to the trial
court and the parties on June 29, 2011.
(¶6) Paternal Grandmother raises the following assignments of error:
(¶7) “I. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED BY NOT CONDUCTING AN IN-CAMERA
INTERVIEW OF THE TWO OLDEST CHILDREN.
(¶8) “II. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN ORDERING THAT THE PATERNAL
GRANDMOTHER’S VISITATION IS AS DIRECTED BY THE LEGAL CUSTODIAN. Stark County, Case No. 2011CA00154 4
(¶9) “III. THAT THE TRIAL COURT’S DECISION IN REGARDS TO THIS
MATTER CONSTITUTES AN ABUSE OF DISCRETION.”
I
(¶10) In her first assignment of error, Paternal Grandmother contends the trial
court erred by failing to conduct an in-camera interview of the two oldest children.
Paternal Grandmother notes both R.C. 3109.04 and 2151.414 set forth factors a trial
court may consider in determining the best interest of a child. Both statutes permit a
trial court to conduct an in-camera interview to determine the wishes of a child.
Paternal Grandmother adds the trial court’s failure to conduct such an interview after a
party has requested one is reversible error.
(¶11) Paternal Grandmother correctly asserts R.C. 3109.04(B)(1) allows the trial
court, in its discretion, or upon the request of either party, to “interview in chambers any
or all of the involved children regarding their wishes and concerns with respect to the
allocation.” However, we find R.C. 3109.04 is not applicable in the instant action. R.C.
3109.04 is applicable “[i]n any divorce, legal separation, or annulment proceeding and in
any proceeding pertaining to the allocation of parental rights and responsibilities for the
care of a child, * * *.” R.C. 3109.04(A). The instant action did not involve any of the
enumerated proceedings.
(¶12) In In re Funk, Portage App. Nos.2002-P-0035, 2002-P-0036, 2002-Ohio-
4958, the Ninth District Court of Appeals noted, “ * * * R.C. 2151.414(D)(2) clearly
provides that a child's wishes may be ‘expressed directly by the child or through the
child's guardian ad litem * * * [.]’ That is to say, a juvenile court has the option of either
having the child assert his or her opinion, through, for example, an in-camera interview Stark County, Case No. 2011CA00154 5
or testimony, or the court may rely upon the guardian ad litem's representations with
respect to the child's desires. Because the juvenile court has a choice, the decision not
to conduct an in camera interview will be reversed only if the court abused its discretion
in declining to do so. (Citation omitted).” Id. at para. 30.
(¶13) Based on the testimony of Dr. Tener and the CASA/GAL, and in light of
the entire record and GAL report, we find the trial court’s failure to conduct of an in
camera interview of the two older children was not an abuse of discretion or reversible
error in this case.
(¶14) Paternal Grandmother’s first assignment of error is overruled.
II
(¶15) In her second assignment of error, Paternal Grandmother asserts the trial
court erred in ordering her visitation be as directed by Maternal Grandmother. We
agree.
(¶16) The caseworker and Dr. Tener both testified Paternal Grandmother and
the children should have a definite visitation schedule. Only the CASA/GAL
recommended visitation at Maternal Grandmother’s discretion. Testimony at the
hearing revealed the discretionary visitation was working initially, however, at the time of
the hearing, such was not the case.
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[Cite as Lichtenwalter v. Stark Cty. Dept. of Jobs & Family Servs., 2012-Ohio-75.]
COURT OF APPEALS STARK COUNTY, OHIO FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
DOROTHY LICHTENWALTER JUDGES: Hon. William B. Hoffman, P.J. Appellant Hon. Sheila G. Farmer, J. Hon. Julie A. Edwards, J. -vs- Case No. 2011CA00154 STARK COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF JOBS AND FAMILY SERVICES, ET AL. OPINION Appellee
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Appeal from the Stark County Court of Common Pleas, Juvenile Division, Case No. 2010JCV00609
JUDGMENT: Affirmed in part; reversed in part, and Remanded
DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: January 9, 2012
APPEARANCES:
For Appellant For Appellee
GREGORY J. RUFO LISA A. LOUY BRIAN K. NAM Legal Counsel The Rufo Law Firm Stark County JFS 900 Chase Tower 221 Third Street SE 101 Central Plaza S. Canton, Ohio 44702 Canton, Ohio 44702
Appellee
MARY K. HEADLEY 325 Clarendon, NW Canton, Ohio 44708 Stark County, Case No. 2011CA00154 2
Hoffman, P.J.
(¶1) Appellant Dorothy Lichtenwalter (“Paternal Grandmother”) appeals the
June 17, 2011 Judgment Entry entered by the Stark County Court of Common Pleas,
Juvenile Division, which granted legal custody of her four minor grandchildren to Mary
Kay Headley (“Maternal Grandmother”) and provided Appellant visitation with the
children as directed by Maternal Grandmother. Appellee is Stark County Department of
Jobs and Family Services (“SCJFS”).
STATEMENT OF THE FACTS AND CASE
(¶2) Paternal Grandmother is the paternal grandmother of T.L. (dob 2/27/02);
R.L. (dob 8/29/03); A.L. (dob 8/12/07) and E.L. (dob 8/14/09). SCJFS filed a Complaint
on June 4, 2010, requesting legal custody of the four children be given to Maternal
Grandmother. The children were removed from their parents’ custody on that day. The
trial court conducted a shelter care hearing on June 4, 2010, ordered the children be
placed in the emergency temporary custody of Maternal Grandmother, and granted
protective supervision to SCJFS. The children remained with Maternal Grandmother
throughout the course of the proceedings.
(¶3) Paternal Grandmother filed a Motion to Intervene/Motion for Custody. The
trial court found the children to be dependent and continued temporary custody with
Maternal Grandmother. The trial court ordered SCJFS to view the physical condition of
Paternal Grandmother’s home. After conducting a hearing, the trial court granted
Paternal Grandmother’s request to intervene. Thereafter, Paternal Grandmother filed a
Motion for Legal Custody/Motion for Grandparent Visitation Rights. Paternal
Grandmother included a request for interim visitation orders. Following a hearing, the Stark County, Case No. 2011CA00154 3
parties agreed visitation would occur at the recommendation of the CASA/GAL and
T.L.’s therapist, Dr. Robin Tener.
(¶4) SCJFS filed a motion to change legal custody of the children to Maternal
Grandmother on March 23, 2011. Paternal Grandmother filed a motion for legal
custody. Father filed a motion for return of custody. The trial court scheduled a hearing
on the motions for June 14, 2011. Prior to the motions hearing, Paternal Grandmother
filed a motion for in-camera interview with the children.
(¶5) The trial court conducted the hearing on the motions on June 17, 2011.
The trial court found neither parent had completed his/her case plan; Father was living
with Paternal Grandmother; and Dr. Tener as well as the CASA/GAL recommended the
children remain in the custody of Maternal Grandmother and visitation with Paternal
Grandmother be limited for fear of exposure to Father. The trial court granted legal
custody to Maternal Grandmother subject to visitation with Paternal Grandmother as
directed by Maternal Grandmother. The trial court memorialized its decision via
Judgment Entry filed June 17, 2011. The June 17, 2011 Judgment Entry did not
terminate SCJFS’s involvement, however, notice of termination was provided to the trial
court and the parties on June 29, 2011.
(¶6) Paternal Grandmother raises the following assignments of error:
(¶7) “I. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED BY NOT CONDUCTING AN IN-CAMERA
INTERVIEW OF THE TWO OLDEST CHILDREN.
(¶8) “II. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED IN ORDERING THAT THE PATERNAL
GRANDMOTHER’S VISITATION IS AS DIRECTED BY THE LEGAL CUSTODIAN. Stark County, Case No. 2011CA00154 4
(¶9) “III. THAT THE TRIAL COURT’S DECISION IN REGARDS TO THIS
MATTER CONSTITUTES AN ABUSE OF DISCRETION.”
I
(¶10) In her first assignment of error, Paternal Grandmother contends the trial
court erred by failing to conduct an in-camera interview of the two oldest children.
Paternal Grandmother notes both R.C. 3109.04 and 2151.414 set forth factors a trial
court may consider in determining the best interest of a child. Both statutes permit a
trial court to conduct an in-camera interview to determine the wishes of a child.
Paternal Grandmother adds the trial court’s failure to conduct such an interview after a
party has requested one is reversible error.
(¶11) Paternal Grandmother correctly asserts R.C. 3109.04(B)(1) allows the trial
court, in its discretion, or upon the request of either party, to “interview in chambers any
or all of the involved children regarding their wishes and concerns with respect to the
allocation.” However, we find R.C. 3109.04 is not applicable in the instant action. R.C.
3109.04 is applicable “[i]n any divorce, legal separation, or annulment proceeding and in
any proceeding pertaining to the allocation of parental rights and responsibilities for the
care of a child, * * *.” R.C. 3109.04(A). The instant action did not involve any of the
enumerated proceedings.
(¶12) In In re Funk, Portage App. Nos.2002-P-0035, 2002-P-0036, 2002-Ohio-
4958, the Ninth District Court of Appeals noted, “ * * * R.C. 2151.414(D)(2) clearly
provides that a child's wishes may be ‘expressed directly by the child or through the
child's guardian ad litem * * * [.]’ That is to say, a juvenile court has the option of either
having the child assert his or her opinion, through, for example, an in-camera interview Stark County, Case No. 2011CA00154 5
or testimony, or the court may rely upon the guardian ad litem's representations with
respect to the child's desires. Because the juvenile court has a choice, the decision not
to conduct an in camera interview will be reversed only if the court abused its discretion
in declining to do so. (Citation omitted).” Id. at para. 30.
(¶13) Based on the testimony of Dr. Tener and the CASA/GAL, and in light of
the entire record and GAL report, we find the trial court’s failure to conduct of an in
camera interview of the two older children was not an abuse of discretion or reversible
error in this case.
(¶14) Paternal Grandmother’s first assignment of error is overruled.
II
(¶15) In her second assignment of error, Paternal Grandmother asserts the trial
court erred in ordering her visitation be as directed by Maternal Grandmother. We
agree.
(¶16) The caseworker and Dr. Tener both testified Paternal Grandmother and
the children should have a definite visitation schedule. Only the CASA/GAL
recommended visitation at Maternal Grandmother’s discretion. Testimony at the
hearing revealed the discretionary visitation was working initially, however, at the time of
the hearing, such was not the case.
(¶17) We find the best course of action would have been for the trial court to
create a set visitation schedule to avoid potential future litigation between the
Grandmothers.
(¶18) Paternal Grandmother’s second assignment of error is sustained. Stark County, Case No. 2011CA00154 6
III
(¶19) In her final assignment of error, Paternal Grandmother contends the trial
court’s decision was an abuse of discretion. We disagree.
(¶20) Paternal Grandmother asserts the evidence revealed the best interest of
the children would be served by granting her legal custody of the children. Paternal
Grandmother submits the case worker testified there was no problem with Paternal
Grandmother as a care giver. Further, Paternal Grandmother never was required to do
any case plan services, and previously had been approved by SCJFS to care for her
two older grandchildren, who are the minor children’s step-siblings. The evidence
revealed Paternal Grandmother had a strong relationship with the children, and she had
been integral in rearing them from an early age.
(¶21) We find the trial court had ample evidence to support its decision to grant
legal custody to Maternal Grandmother. The case worker testified the children had
been placed with Maternal Grandmother since the case began and were doing well.
Their lives were stable, which was particularly important for the oldest child, T.L., as he
has numerous mental health issues. The CASA/GAL reiterated this sentiment. The
older children were doing well in school and had excellent attendance. Maternal
Grandmother’s home was calm, thus the children were calm. Maternal Grandmother
had a routine established and the children were acclimated to the home life.
(¶22) Further, testimony was presented which showed Paternal Grandmother’s
home would not be the best placement for the children. Parents, who had failed to
complete any aspect of their individual case plans, were living with Paternal
Grandmother. Overnight and weekend visitations were a concern as well. Dr. Tener Stark County, Case No. 2011CA00154 7
testified T.L. needed emotional stability which he receives with Maternal Grandmother.
Dr. Tener added T.L. was thriving with Maternal Grandmother. The boy feels safe and
secure. Dr. Tener asked, “If it is not broken, why fix it?”
(¶23) Paternal Grandmother’s third assignment of error is overruled.
(¶24) The judgment of the Stark County Court of Common Pleas, Juvenile Court
Division, is affirmed in part; reversed in part; and the matter remanded for further
proceedings consistent with this opinion and the law.
By: Hoffman, P.J.
Farmer, J. and
Edwards, J. concur
s/ William B. Hoffman _________________ HON. WILLIAM B. HOFFMAN
s/ Sheila G. Farmer __________________ HON. SHEILA G. FARMER
s/ Julie A. Edwards ___________________ HON. JULIE A. EDWARDS Stark County, Case No. 2011CA00154 8
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS FOR STARK COUNTY, OHIO FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
DOROTHY LICHTENWALTER : : Appellant : : -vs- : JUDGMENT ENTRY : STARK COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF : JOBS AND FAMILY SERVICES, ET AL. : : Appellee : Case No. 2011CA00154
For the reasons stated in our accompanying Opinion, the judgment of the Stark
County Court of Common Pleas, Juvenile Court Division, is affirmed in part; reversed in
part; and the matter remanded for further proceedings consistent with our opinion and
the law. Costs split equally.
s/ William B. Hoffman _________________ HON. WILLIAM B. HOFFMAN
s/ Julie A. Edwards ___________________ HON. JULIE A. EDWARDS