Leslie v. Randle

Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit·Decided July 22, 2002·No. 01-3589·Published

Opinion

5(&200(1'(' )25 )8//7(;7 38%/,&$7,21 3XUVXDQW WR 6L[WK &LUFXLW 5XOH 

(/(&7521,& &,7$7,21  )(' $SS 3 WK &LU )LOH 1DPH DS

81,7('67$7(6&28572)$33($/6 )257+(6,;7+&,5&8,7 BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB

2/,9(5 : /(6/,( s5 ; 3HWLWLRQHU$SSHOODQW    1R Y  !  0,&+$(/ 5$1'/(:DUGHQ  5HVSRQGHQW$SSHOOHH  1 $SSHDOIURPWKH8QLWHG6WDWHV'LVWULFW&RXUW IRUWKH6RXWKHUQ'LVWULFWRI2KLRDW&LQFLQQDWL 1Rn6DQGUD6%HFNZLWK'LVWULFWsXGJH 6XEPLWWHGsXQH 'HFLGHGDQG)LOHGsXO\ %HIRUH&/$<DQG*,/0$1&LUFXLWsXGJHV+$<1(6 'LVWULFWsXGJH BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB &2816(/ 21 %5,()  6WHSKDQLH / :DWVRQ 2)),&( 2) 7+( $77251(< *(1(5$/ &255(&7,216 /,7,*$7,21

7KH +RQRUDEOH :LOOLDP s +D\QHV sU 8QLWHG 6WDWHV 'LVWULFW sXGJH IRU WKH 0LGGOH 'LVWULFW RI 7HQQHVVHH VLWWLQJ E\ GHVLJQDWLRQ

  /HVOLHY5DQGOH 1R

6(&7,21 &ROXPEXV 2KLR 2OLYHU : /HVOLH sU &KLOOLFRWKH2KLRSURVH *,/0$1sGHOLYHUHGWKHRSLQLRQRIWKHFRXUW&/$<s SS GHOLYHUHGDVHSDUDWHFRQFXUULQJRSLQLRQLQZKLFK +$<1(6'sMRLQHG BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB 23,1,21 BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB 521$/'/((*,/0$1&LUFXLWsXGJH,Q2OLYHU : /HVOLH sU SOHG JXLOW\ WR VWDWH FKDUJHV RI UDSH DQG IHORQLRXV DVVDXOW  +H ZDV VHQWHQFHG WR D PLQLPXP RI  \HDUVLQSULVRQ$IWHUWKH2KLRVH[XDOSUHGDWRUVWDWXWHZDV DPHQGHGLQWKH+DPLOWRQ&RXQW\&RXUWRI&RPPRQ 3OHDV DGMXGLFDWHG /HVOLH DV D VH[XDO SUHGDWRU  /HVOLH DSSHDOHG FODLPLQJ WKDW 2KLRjV VH[XDOSUHGDWRU VWDWXWH ZDV XQFRQVWLWXWLRQDO DV LW DSSOLHG WR KLP  5HFHLYLQJ QR UHOLHI IURPWKH2KLRDSSHOODWHFRXUWV/HVOLHILOHGDSHWLWLRQIRUD ZULWRIKDEHDVFRUSXVLQWKH8QLWHG6WDWHV'LVWULFW&RXUWIRU WKH 6RXWKHUQ 'LVWULFW RI 2KLR FODLPLQJ WKDW WKH VWDWXWH YLRODWHGYDULRXVSURYLVLRQVRIWKH8QLWHG6WDWHV&RQVWLWXWLRQ 7KHGLVWULFWFRXUWGHQLHGWKHZULW)RUWKHUHDVRQVVHWIRUWK EHORZZH$)),50WKHMXGJPHQWRIWKHGLVWULFWFRXUW ,%$&.*5281' ,Q sXQH RI  /HVOLH ZDV LQGLFWHG RQ FKDUJHV RI   DJJUDYDWHG EXUJODU\ LQ YLRODWLRQ RI 2KLR 5HY &RGH †    UDSH LQ YLRODWLRQ RI 2KLR 5HY &RGH †DQG  IHORQLRXVDVVDXOWLQYLRODWLRQRI2KLR5HY &RGH†/HVOLHSOHGJXLOW\WRWKHUDSHDQGIHORQLRXV DVVDXOW FKDUJHV DQG WKH 6WDWH GLVPLVVHG WKH DJJUDYDWHG EXUJODU\FKDUJHLQH[FKDQJHIRUKLVSOHD7KHFRXUWVHQWHQFHG /HVOLH WR EHWZHHQ  DQG  \HDUV LQ SULVRQ IRU WKH UDSH RIIHQVH DQG DW OHDVW  DGGLWLRQDO \HDUV IRU WKH IHORQLRXV DVVDXOW  /HVOLHY5DQGOH 1R 1R /HVOLHY5DQGOH 

6&W  RUFODLPLQJJRYHUQPHQWDOGHIDPDWLRQ $IWHU2KLRDPHQGHGLWVVH[XDOSUHGDWRUVWDWXWH2KLR5HY HQWLWOLQJWKHSODLQWLIIWRWKHSURFHGXUDOVDIHJXDUGVRIWKH'XH &RGH††LQWKH+DPLOWRQ&RXQW\&RXUWRI 3URFHVV&ODXVHVHH)XOOPHUY0LFK'HSjWRI6WDWH3ROLFH &RPPRQ 3OHDV LVVXHG DQ m(QWU\ 2UGHULQJ 5HWXUQ RI 1R:/ ('0LFKsXQH 'HIHQGDQW)RU&RXUW3URFHHGLQJV 6H[XDO3UHGDWRU+HDULQJ l ILQGLQJWKDWWKHQRWLILFDWLRQSURYLVLRQVRIWKH0LFKLJDQ6H[ /HVOLH UHVSRQGHG E\ ILOLQJ D PRWLRQ WR GHFODUH FHUWDLQ 2IIHQGHUV5HJLVWUDWLRQ$FWYLRODWHGSURFHGXUDOGXHSURFHVV  SURYLVLRQVRIWKHVH[XDOSUHGDWRUVWDWXWHXQFRQVWLWXWLRQDODQG ,QVKRUWWKHKROGLQJLQWKHSUHVHQWFDVHLVVWULFWO\OLPLWHGWR DVNLQJWKHFRXUWWRGLVPLVVWKHVH[XDOSUHGDWRUSURFHHGLQJV WKHKDEHDVFRQWH[W DJDLQVWKLP%HFDXVHKHZDVFRQYLFWHGSULRUWRWKHSDVVDJH RIWKHVWDWXWH/HVOLHFODLPHGWKDWDVLWDSSOLHGWRKLPWKH VWDWXWHYLRODWHGWKH([3RVW)DFWR'RXEOHsHRSDUG\(TXDO 3URWHFWLRQ DQG 'XH 3URFHVV &ODXVHV RI WKH 8QLWHG 6WDWHV &RQVWLWXWLRQ$IWHUDKHDULQJWKHVWDWHFRXUWGHQLHG/HVOLHjV PRWLRQ/HVOLHWKHQVWLSXODWHGWKDWKHZDVSURSHUO\FODVVLILHG DVDmVH[XDOSUHGDWRUlXQGHUWKHVWDWXWRU\GHILQLWLRQRIWKH WHUPEXWKHUHVHUYHGWKHULJKWWRDSSHDOWKHFRXUWjVGHFLVLRQ WKDWWKHVWDWXWHZDVFRQVWLWXWLRQDO7KHVWDWHFRXUWWKHUHDIWHU HQWHUHGDQRUGHUDGMXGLFDWLQJ/HVOLHWREHDmVH[XDOSUHGDWRUl SXUVXDQWWR2KLR5HY&RGH† /HVOLHDSSHDOHGWRWKH2KLR&RXUWRI$SSHDOVFODLPLQJWKDW WKHWULDOFRXUWHUUHGLQILQGLQJ2KLRjVVH[XDOSUHGDWRUVWDWXWH FRQVWLWXWLRQDO,QsXO\RIWKH&RXUWRI$SSHDOVDIILUPHG WKHWULDOFRXUWjVRUGHU7KH&RXUWRI $SSHDOVWKHQJUDQWHG /HVOLHjVPRWLRQWRFHUWLI\WKHIROORZLQJTXHVWLRQWRWKH2KLR 6XSUHPH &RXUW m:KHUH DQ RIIHQGHU LV VHUYLQJ D WHUP RI LQFDUFHUDWLRQ RQ RU DIWHU sDQXDU\   IRU D VH[XDOO\ RULHQWHG RIIHQVH ZKLFK ZDV DGMXGLFDWHG SULRU WR WKDW GDWH GRHVWKHDSSOLFDWLRQRI>2KLR5HY&RGH†@HWVHT YLRODWHWKHUHWURDFWLYHODZVSURKLELWLRQRI6HFWLRQ$UWLFOH ,,RIWKH2KLR&RQVWLWXWLRQ"l,Q1RYHPEHURIWKH2KLR 6XSUHPH&RXUWUHVSRQGHGE\LVVXLQJDMXGJPHQWGLVPLVVLQJ WKHFDVHLQOLJKWRI6WDWHY&RRN1(G 2KLR  LQZKLFKWKHFRXUWFRQFOXGHGWKDWmWKHUHJLVWUDWLRQDQG QRWLILFDWLRQSURYLVLRQVRI>2KLR5HY&RGH†@GRQRW YLRODWHWKH([3RVW)DFWR&ODXVHEHFDXVHLWVSURYLVLRQVVHUYH WKH UHPHGLDO SXUSRVH RI SURWHFWLQJ WKH SXEOLFl  ,WDOLFV LQ RULJLQDO /HVOLHSXUVXHGWKLVLVVXHE\ILOLQJDSHWLWLRQIRUDZULWRI KDEHDV FRUSXV LQ WKH 8QLWHG 6WDWHV 'LVWULFW &RXUW IRU WKH  /HVOLHY5DQGOH 1R 1R /HVOLHY5DQGOH 

6RXWKHUQ'LVWULFWRI2KLRLQ)HEUXDU\RIFODLPLQJWKDW BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB 2KLRjV VH[XDOSUHGDWRU VWDWXWH YLRODWHG WKH ([ 3RVW )DFWR (TXDO3URWHFWLRQ'XH3URFHVVDQG'RXEOHsHRSDUG\&ODXVHV &21&855(1&( RI WKH 8QLWHG 6WDWHV &RQVWLWXWLRQ 7KH PDJLVWUDWH MXGJH BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB UHFRPPHQGHGWKDW/HVOLHjVSHWLWLRQIRUUHOLHIEHGHQLHGmRQ WKH JURXQG WKDW SHWLWLRQHU GRHV QRW PHHW WKH µLQ FXVWRG\j &/$< &LUFXLW sXGJH FRQFXUULQJ  , FRQFXU LQ sXGJH SUHUHTXLVLWHIRUIHGHUDOKDEHDVFRUSXVMXULVGLFWLRQEDVHGRQ *LOPDQjVRSLQLRQDIILUPLQJWKHMXGJPHQWRIWKHGLVWULFWFRXUW KLVFODLPVIRUUHOLHIlHYHQWKRXJK/HVOLHLVVWLOOLQFDUFHUDWHG GHQ\LQJ WKH SHWLWLRQ IRU D ZULW RI KDEHDV FRUSXV EXW ZULWH IRUKLVFULPHV$IWHU/HVOLHIDLOHGWRILOHDQ\REMHFWLRQVWRWKH VHSDUDWHO\WRXQGHUVFRUHWKDWWKHKROGLQJLQWKLVFDVHLVOLPLWHG PDJLVWUDWH MXGJHjV GHFLVLRQ WKH GLVWULFW FRXUW DGRSWHG WKH WRWKHKDEHDVFRQWH[WDQGGRHVQRWIRUHFORVHDSODLQWLIIIURP 5HSRUWDQG5HFRPPHQGDWLRQDQGGLVPLVVHGWKHSHWLWLRQIRU OLWLJDWLQJFRQVWLWXWLRQDOFODLPVSHUWDLQLQJWRDVH[RIIHQGHU KDEHDVFRUSXV%XWWKHGLVWULFWFRXUWFHUWLILHGDQDSSHDOEDVHG UHJLVWUDWLRQ VWDWXWH LQ D QRQKDEHDV SURFHHGLQJ  7KXV RQWKHIROORZLQJTXHVWLRQm>:@KHWKHU3HWLWLRQHUjVFKDOOHQJH DOWKRXJK 3HWLWLRQHU FODLPV WKDW WKH 2KLR VH[XDO SUHGDWRU WRWKHFRQVWLWXWLRQDOLW\RIWKHFODVVLILFDWLRQUHJLVWUDWLRQDQG VWDWXWHZDVXQFRQVWLWXWLRQDODVDSSOLHGWRKLPRQWKHJURXQG FRPPXQLW\ QRWLILFDWLRQ SURYLVLRQV RI 2KLR >

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Leslie v. Randle, (6th Cir. 2002).

Leslie v. Randle (Leslie v. Randle) — published by Counsel Stack Legal Research, free access to 12M+ legal documents.