Lemasters v. Gatson

458 S.E.2d 613, 193 W. Va. 676, 1995 W. Va. LEXIS 93
CourtWest Virginia Supreme Court
DecidedMay 19, 1995
DocketNo. 22380
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 458 S.E.2d 613 (Lemasters v. Gatson) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering West Virginia Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Lemasters v. Gatson, 458 S.E.2d 613, 193 W. Va. 676, 1995 W. Va. LEXIS 93 (W. Va. 1995).

Opinion

FRED L. FOX, II, Judge:1

In this case we consider whether the Circuit Court of Kanawha County, West Virginia, was correct in affirming prior administrative decisions denying unemployment compensation benefits to the petitioner, El-mira G. LeMasters. Secondarily, consideration is also given herein as to whether the petitioner’s employer, the West Virginia Society for the Blind and Severely Disabled (Society) is legally exempt from the Unemployment Compensation Act, W.Va.Code § 21A-1-1, et seq. (1994 Cum.Supp.).

By their very nature, the prior proceedings in this case do not lend themselves to the evolvement of a comprehensive record. Additionally, the development of the case on this level can best be described as laconic. From what we have before us, it would appear that the relevant facts are these. The petitioner, Elmira G. LeMasters, was employed as a food services worker in a cafeteria at the United States Department of Energy facility in Morgantown, West Virginia, from mid-July 1990 until August 1992. On 11 October 1990, she suffered an on-the-job injury for which she received workers’ compensation benefits. Although the petitioner claims she worked until 3 September 1992, the record reveals that, subsequent to her injury of 11 October 1990, she worked only one day, 11 February 1991. At some point in August 1992, she was officially terminated by her employer.

On 30 August 1992, the petitioner applied for unemployment compensation benefits for the base period covering 1 April 1991 through 31 March 1992. In accordance with the administrative review schedule, the petitioner’s claim was heard by a deputy commissioner.2 The deputy commissioner found the [678]*678petitioner was not entitled to benefits because she had not been paid wages of at least $2,200 in covered employment within the base period as required by W.Va.Code § 21A-6-l(5) (1989). This Code provision provides that “[a]n unemployed individual shall be eligible to receive benefits only if the commissioner finds that: ... (5) He has within his base period been paid wages for employment equal to not less than two thousand two hundred dollars and must have earned wages in more than one quarter of his base period.”

The petitioner appealed the deputy commissioner’s decision to an administrative law judge (ALJ) of the Department of Employment Security pursuant to the provisions of W.Va.Code § 21A-7-7 (1989).3 On 7 January 1993, the ALJ affirmed the deputy’s decision, stating:

Under the provisions of W.Va.Code Chapter 21A, Article 6 and the sections following an individual must have earned at least $2,200 during the base wage period with wages paid in at least two quarters in said base period. The claimant in the instant case did not present any evidence of having received any payments whatsoever during her base period of April 1, 1991 through March 81, 1992. She is monetarily ineligible for benefits under the provisions of West Virginia law. (Emphasis added.)

The ALJ’s decision was subsequently affirmed by the Board of Review of the West Virginia Department of Employment Security on 15 April 1993,4 and the petitioner sought judicial review of the administrative decision in the Circuit Court of Kanawha County.5

On 14 April, 1994, the circuit court affirmed the Board of Review’s decision, finding, in essence, that the Board of Review’s ruling, as well as the previous administrative rulings, correctly denied the petitioner’s application for unemployment compensation benefits on the grounds that the petitioner had not received sufficient wages within the base period. We agree with the circuit court.

A thorough review of the record in this case discloses that the petitioner received no wages during the base period in question (1 April 1991 — 31 March 1992), much less the $2,200 required by W.Va.Code § 21A-6-l(5) (1989).6 Accordingly, the administrative rulings are in accordance with and supported by the evidence, and the cir-[679]*679euit court was presented with no option but to affirm same.

The petitioner claims the circuit court was clearly wrong in upholding the Board of Review’s decision. She contends she did have sufficient wages to support an unemployment compensation award, but, as a result of prior rulings by the Commissioner of Employment Security (Commissioner) that the Society is exempt from the provisions of unemployment compensation law, her wages were not technically wages in covered employment. Specifically, the petitioner states:

The Board’s decision is plainly wrong. The claimant did not have insufficient wages to qualify. The claimant had sufficient wages, but her employer did not pay into unemployment compensation. The exemption accorded to the West Virginia Society for the Blind by the Commissioner is an illegal interpretation of W.Va.Code § 21A-l-3(ll)(iv) (1991).

Thus, the petitioner frames the issue as whether the Society is, in fact, exempt from the provisions of the Unemployment Compensation Act. Inasmuch as the record reflects that the petitioner had no wages, and did not even actively work for the Society during the base period, this Court is not compelled to address this issue. However, for purposes of future clarification, we choose to do so.

The Commissioner’s prior ruling that the Society is exempt from participation in the unemployment compensation system is based upon statutory construction. West Virginia Code § 21A-1-1, et seq. (1989), the Unemployment Compensation Act, provides a program of protection against unemployment for the citizens of this State. Basically, it requires all employers to participate in the unemployment compensation fund by contributing payments with respect to wages paid for employment that occurs during any given year. W.Va.Code § 21A-5-4 (1989). Certain types of employment are, however, exempt from participation, also by statute. West Virginia Code § 21A-l-3(ll)(iv) (1994 Cum.Supp.) specifically exempts employment which includes services performed

... in a facility conducted for the purpose of carrying out a program of rehabilitation for individuals whose earning capacity is impaired by age or physical or mental deficiency or injury or providing remunerative work for individuals who because of their impaired physical or mental capacity cannot be readily absorbed into the competitive labor market by an individual receiving such rehabilitative or remunerative work; ....

In determining whether the Society falls within this category of exempt employer, we consider the Society’s genesis and purpose. The genesis is found in W.Va.Code § 18-10G-1, et seq. (1994), which provides the West Virginia Division of Vocational Rehabilitation (Division) may provide for the operation of food services in public office buildings in this State. The stated purpose, as set forth therein, is “to provide blind and severe^ ly disabled persons "with the maximum opportunities for remunerative employment and for training for such employment, to enlarge the economic opportunities of the blind and severely disabled; and to stimulate them to greater effort in striving to make themselves self-supporting....”

In furtherance of this stated purpose, the statute provides the Division with authority to operate food service facilities in public office buildings through a “designee.” A designee is defined in W.Va.Code § 18-10G-2(j) (1994) as “...

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458 S.E.2d 613, 193 W. Va. 676, 1995 W. Va. LEXIS 93, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/lemasters-v-gatson-wva-1995.