STATE OF LOUISIANA COURT OF APPEAL, THIRD CIRCUIT
13-1182
LAUREEN OLSON
VERSUS
LOUISIANA MEDICAL MUTUAL INSURANCE CO., ET AL.
**********
APPEAL FROM THE FIFTEENTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT PARISH OF LAFAYETTE, NO. C-2013-1850 HONORABLE EDWARD B. BROUSSARD, DISTRICT JUDGE
JIMMIE C. PETERS JUDGE
Court composed of Jimmie C. Peters, Billy Howard Ezell, and Shannon J. Gremillion, Judges.
REVERSED; RENDERED; AND REMANDED.
J. Lomax Jordan, Jr. Victor R. A. Ashy 1817 West University Avenue Lafayette, LA 70506 (337) 233-9984 COUNSEL FOR PLAINTIFF/APPELLANT: Laureen Olson Michael W. Adley Judice and Adley, APLC P. O. Drawer 51769 Lafayette, LA 70505-1769 (337) 235-2405 COUNSEL FOR DEFENDANTS/APPELLEES: Dr. Paul M. Toce, Jr. Dr. Paul M. Toce, Jr., APMC
James D. “Buddy” Caldwell, Attorney General J. Elliot Baker Irving H. Koch Special Assistant Attorney General 321 N. Vermont Street, Suite 208 Covington, LA 70433 (985) 867-9068 COUNSEL FOR APPELLEE: State of Louisiana
Thomas S. Schneidau Milling, Benson, Woodward L.LP. 827 West 22nd Avenue Covington, LA 70433 (985) 871-3924 COUNSEL FOR DEFENDANT/APPELLEE: Louisiana Medical Mutual Insurance Company PETERS, J.
The plaintiff, Laureen Olson, appeals from a judgment of the trial court
granting an exception of lis pendens in favor of the defendants, Dr. Paul M. Toce,
Jr.; the doctor’s medical corporation, Dr. Paul M. Toce, Jr., A Professional Medical
Corporation; and their liability insurer, Louisiana Medical Mutual Insurance
Company (Louisiana Medical).1 For the following reasons, we reverse the trial
court judgment, render judgment rejecting the exception, and remand the matter to
the trial court for further proceedings.
DISCUSSION OF THE RECORD
The April 9, 2013 petition2 filed by Ms. Olson against the three defendants
asserts various causes of action arising from Dr. Toce’s long-time treatment of Ms.
Olson.3 In fact, some of the allegations form the basis for a January 2013 medical
review panel opinion which found that Dr. Toce breached the applicable standard
of care in numerous instances during his treatment of Ms. Olson. In addition to
these medical malpractice claims, Ms. Olson asserted negligence claims against Dr.
Toce’s medical corporation based on the corporation’s failure to properly train and
supervise its employees, including the doctor himself; respondeat superior liability
of the corporation for the actions of its employees; and intentional torts based on
1 At a point later in the litigation, the State of Louisiana filed an intervention based on a claim by Ms. Olson in her pleadings that the Louisiana Medical Malpractice Act is unconstitutional, but that claim is not before us, and the State of Louisiana is not a party at interest in this appeal. 2 The petition was entitled, “Petition for Damages Resulting from Medical Malpractice and Other Acts of Negligence Not Covered by the Louisiana Medical Malpractice Act, and From Intentional Acts or Other Acts[.]” 3 The petition alleges that Ms. Olson suffers from bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety, and other illnesses and that she has issues of abandonment, severe self-esteem problems, and has experienced suicidal tendencies. Dr. Toce’s personal relationship with her, including sexual battery. Ms. Olson
sought to recover both general and special damages from the three defendants.
The three defendants responded to Ms. Olson’s petition by filing a number
of exceptions, including the peremptory exception of lis pendens. The basis for the
defendants’ lis pendens exception was the existence of an earlier suit filed by Ms.
Olson against the same defendants, bearing a different docket number and pending
in another division of the Fifteenth Judicial District Court.
After a May 28, 2013 hearing on the exception, the trial court initially
informed the litigants that the two suits would be consolidated. However, when
presented by the defendants with a judgment to that effect, the trial court struck
through the judgment4 and wrote “Denied. New Judgment to be presented.” The
trial court signed the judgment as modified on June 24, 2013.
The next day, Ms. Olson filed a written objection to the modified judgment,
and in doing so, referred to a telephone conference between counsel for both sides
of the litigation and the trial court, which she claims occurred on the same day as
the trial court’s action in executing the modified judgment. The pleading asserts
that the trial court instigated the telephone conference and informed both sides in
the litigation that the trial judge of the other division did not want the matters
consolidated, and, as a consequence, the trial court was rescinding its order of
consolidation, sustaining the exception of lis pendens, and dismissing the April 9,
2013 suit. According to the pleading, Ms. Olson’s counsel objected to the lack of
notice of the telephone conference, requested that a court reporter be summoned to
4 The proposed judgment stated that the exception of lis pendens would be granted, but only to the extent of transferring the litigation to be consolidated with other pending suit, and would be denied in all other respects. The judgment further provided that the other exceptions filed were deferred to the other division of the court for consideration.
2 make a record of the proceedings, and objected to the grant of the exception. The
trial court denied both objections and the request that the conference be recorded.
On July 18, 2013, the trial court executed a written judgment granting the
exception of lis pendens and dismissing Ms. Olson’s claims against the defendants.
Following a request by Ms. Olson, the trial court issued written reasons on July 26,
2013. On August 2, 2013, Ms. Olson filed notice of her intent to seek a writ of
review and/or a supervisory writ to seek review of the trial court judgment by this
court. On September 23, 2013, we denied the writ, finding that the trial court’s
judgment was appealable and that Ms. Olson had an adequate remedy through
appeal. See Olson v. La. Med. Mut. Ins. Co., 13-985 (La.App. 3 Cir. 9/23/13)
(unpublished writ). Thereafter, Ms. Olson perfected this appeal, asserting in her
one assignment of error that the trial court erred in sustaining the exception of lis
pendens and in dismissing her suit.
OPINION
With regard to the exception of lis pendens, La.Code Civ.P. art. 531
provides:
When two or more suits are pending in a Louisiana court or courts on the same transaction or occurrence, between the same parties in the same capacities, the defendant may have all but the first suit dismissed by excepting thereto as provided in Article 925. When the defendant does not so except, the plaintiff may continue the prosecution of any of the suits, but the first final judgment rendered shall be conclusive of all.
Additionally, La.Code Civ.P. art. 930 states, “On the trial of the declinatory
exception, evidence may be introduced to support or controvert any of the
objections pleaded, when the grounds thereof do not appear from the petition, the
citation, or return thereon.” The evidentiary burden associated with such an
3 exception was explained in Lexington Insurance Co. v. Tasch, Inc., 12-339, pp. 8-9
(La.App. 5 Cir. 11/27/12), 105 So.3d 950, 955, wherein that court stated:
When a party raises an exception or motion that must be proven, it is that party’s burden to present evidence establishing the claims made therein. See La. C.C.P. arts. 930, 931, 963.
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STATE OF LOUISIANA COURT OF APPEAL, THIRD CIRCUIT
13-1182
LAUREEN OLSON
VERSUS
LOUISIANA MEDICAL MUTUAL INSURANCE CO., ET AL.
**********
APPEAL FROM THE FIFTEENTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT PARISH OF LAFAYETTE, NO. C-2013-1850 HONORABLE EDWARD B. BROUSSARD, DISTRICT JUDGE
JIMMIE C. PETERS JUDGE
Court composed of Jimmie C. Peters, Billy Howard Ezell, and Shannon J. Gremillion, Judges.
REVERSED; RENDERED; AND REMANDED.
J. Lomax Jordan, Jr. Victor R. A. Ashy 1817 West University Avenue Lafayette, LA 70506 (337) 233-9984 COUNSEL FOR PLAINTIFF/APPELLANT: Laureen Olson Michael W. Adley Judice and Adley, APLC P. O. Drawer 51769 Lafayette, LA 70505-1769 (337) 235-2405 COUNSEL FOR DEFENDANTS/APPELLEES: Dr. Paul M. Toce, Jr. Dr. Paul M. Toce, Jr., APMC
James D. “Buddy” Caldwell, Attorney General J. Elliot Baker Irving H. Koch Special Assistant Attorney General 321 N. Vermont Street, Suite 208 Covington, LA 70433 (985) 867-9068 COUNSEL FOR APPELLEE: State of Louisiana
Thomas S. Schneidau Milling, Benson, Woodward L.LP. 827 West 22nd Avenue Covington, LA 70433 (985) 871-3924 COUNSEL FOR DEFENDANT/APPELLEE: Louisiana Medical Mutual Insurance Company PETERS, J.
The plaintiff, Laureen Olson, appeals from a judgment of the trial court
granting an exception of lis pendens in favor of the defendants, Dr. Paul M. Toce,
Jr.; the doctor’s medical corporation, Dr. Paul M. Toce, Jr., A Professional Medical
Corporation; and their liability insurer, Louisiana Medical Mutual Insurance
Company (Louisiana Medical).1 For the following reasons, we reverse the trial
court judgment, render judgment rejecting the exception, and remand the matter to
the trial court for further proceedings.
DISCUSSION OF THE RECORD
The April 9, 2013 petition2 filed by Ms. Olson against the three defendants
asserts various causes of action arising from Dr. Toce’s long-time treatment of Ms.
Olson.3 In fact, some of the allegations form the basis for a January 2013 medical
review panel opinion which found that Dr. Toce breached the applicable standard
of care in numerous instances during his treatment of Ms. Olson. In addition to
these medical malpractice claims, Ms. Olson asserted negligence claims against Dr.
Toce’s medical corporation based on the corporation’s failure to properly train and
supervise its employees, including the doctor himself; respondeat superior liability
of the corporation for the actions of its employees; and intentional torts based on
1 At a point later in the litigation, the State of Louisiana filed an intervention based on a claim by Ms. Olson in her pleadings that the Louisiana Medical Malpractice Act is unconstitutional, but that claim is not before us, and the State of Louisiana is not a party at interest in this appeal. 2 The petition was entitled, “Petition for Damages Resulting from Medical Malpractice and Other Acts of Negligence Not Covered by the Louisiana Medical Malpractice Act, and From Intentional Acts or Other Acts[.]” 3 The petition alleges that Ms. Olson suffers from bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety, and other illnesses and that she has issues of abandonment, severe self-esteem problems, and has experienced suicidal tendencies. Dr. Toce’s personal relationship with her, including sexual battery. Ms. Olson
sought to recover both general and special damages from the three defendants.
The three defendants responded to Ms. Olson’s petition by filing a number
of exceptions, including the peremptory exception of lis pendens. The basis for the
defendants’ lis pendens exception was the existence of an earlier suit filed by Ms.
Olson against the same defendants, bearing a different docket number and pending
in another division of the Fifteenth Judicial District Court.
After a May 28, 2013 hearing on the exception, the trial court initially
informed the litigants that the two suits would be consolidated. However, when
presented by the defendants with a judgment to that effect, the trial court struck
through the judgment4 and wrote “Denied. New Judgment to be presented.” The
trial court signed the judgment as modified on June 24, 2013.
The next day, Ms. Olson filed a written objection to the modified judgment,
and in doing so, referred to a telephone conference between counsel for both sides
of the litigation and the trial court, which she claims occurred on the same day as
the trial court’s action in executing the modified judgment. The pleading asserts
that the trial court instigated the telephone conference and informed both sides in
the litigation that the trial judge of the other division did not want the matters
consolidated, and, as a consequence, the trial court was rescinding its order of
consolidation, sustaining the exception of lis pendens, and dismissing the April 9,
2013 suit. According to the pleading, Ms. Olson’s counsel objected to the lack of
notice of the telephone conference, requested that a court reporter be summoned to
4 The proposed judgment stated that the exception of lis pendens would be granted, but only to the extent of transferring the litigation to be consolidated with other pending suit, and would be denied in all other respects. The judgment further provided that the other exceptions filed were deferred to the other division of the court for consideration.
2 make a record of the proceedings, and objected to the grant of the exception. The
trial court denied both objections and the request that the conference be recorded.
On July 18, 2013, the trial court executed a written judgment granting the
exception of lis pendens and dismissing Ms. Olson’s claims against the defendants.
Following a request by Ms. Olson, the trial court issued written reasons on July 26,
2013. On August 2, 2013, Ms. Olson filed notice of her intent to seek a writ of
review and/or a supervisory writ to seek review of the trial court judgment by this
court. On September 23, 2013, we denied the writ, finding that the trial court’s
judgment was appealable and that Ms. Olson had an adequate remedy through
appeal. See Olson v. La. Med. Mut. Ins. Co., 13-985 (La.App. 3 Cir. 9/23/13)
(unpublished writ). Thereafter, Ms. Olson perfected this appeal, asserting in her
one assignment of error that the trial court erred in sustaining the exception of lis
pendens and in dismissing her suit.
OPINION
With regard to the exception of lis pendens, La.Code Civ.P. art. 531
provides:
When two or more suits are pending in a Louisiana court or courts on the same transaction or occurrence, between the same parties in the same capacities, the defendant may have all but the first suit dismissed by excepting thereto as provided in Article 925. When the defendant does not so except, the plaintiff may continue the prosecution of any of the suits, but the first final judgment rendered shall be conclusive of all.
Additionally, La.Code Civ.P. art. 930 states, “On the trial of the declinatory
exception, evidence may be introduced to support or controvert any of the
objections pleaded, when the grounds thereof do not appear from the petition, the
citation, or return thereon.” The evidentiary burden associated with such an
3 exception was explained in Lexington Insurance Co. v. Tasch, Inc., 12-339, pp. 8-9
(La.App. 5 Cir. 11/27/12), 105 So.3d 950, 955, wherein that court stated:
When a party raises an exception or motion that must be proven, it is that party’s burden to present evidence establishing the claims made therein. See La. C.C.P. arts. 930, 931, 963. The exceptions to that rule are the peremptory exception of no cause of action and the motion for summary judgment.
An exception of no cause of action must be tried on the face of the petition alone. La. C.C.P. art. 931; Ramey v. DeCaire, 2003-1299, p. 7 (La.3/19/04), 869 So.2d 114, 118.
A motion for summary judgment is decided on “the pleadings, depositions, answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any.” La. C.C.P. art. 966(B). Summary judgment may be granted only if the documents in the record show that there is no genuine issue as to material fact, and that mover is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Id.
Other defenses, however, whether raised by exception or motion or in other pleadings, must be proven by evidence introduced at a hearing, where the trial court performs its function of weighing evidence, making credibility determinations, and making factual findings. Scheuermann v. Cadillac of Metairie, Inc., 11-1149, pp. 5-7 (La.App. 5 Cir. 5/31/12), 97 So.3d 423, 427.
Evidence not properly and officially offered and introduced cannot be considered, even if it is physically placed in the record. Denoux v. Vessel Mgmt. Services, Inc., 2007-2143, p. 6 (La.5/21/08), 983 So.2d 84, 88. Documents attached to memoranda do not constitute evidence and cannot be considered as such on appeal. Id. Appellate courts are courts of record and may not review evidence that is not in the appellate record, or receive new evidence. Id.; La. C.C.P. art. 2164.
Without addressing the merits of Ms. Olson’s appeal, we note that the
defendants introduced no evidence at the May 28, 2013 hearing on their exceptions.
While the twenty-one page petition filed by Ms. Olson does refer to the previously
filed suit, it references it as having been filed based on claims not covered by the
4 Louisiana Medical Malpractice Act. 5 Thus, the grounds for the defendants’ lis
pendens exception does not appear on the face of the petition. La.Code Civ.P. art.
930. Because the grounds for the objection are not obvious from a review of Ms.
Olson’s petition, the defendants bore the burden of proving, through the
submission of testamentary or documentary evidence, why the exception should be
granted. Based on a lack of such evidence, we are left with nothing on which to
base a finding as to the correctness of the trial court’s judgment. Accordingly, the
trial court judgment granting the exception of lis pendens and dismissing Ms.
Olson’s claims is reversed, and we render judgment denying the exception of lis
pendens. The matter is remanded to the trial court for further proceedings.
DISPOSITION
We reverse the trial court judgment granting the declinatory exception of lis
pendens and dismissing the claims of Laureen Olson against Dr. Paul M. Toce, Jr.,
Dr. Paul M. Toce, Jr., A Professional Medical Corporation, and Louisiana Medical
Mutual Insurance Company; render judgment denying the exception; and remand
the matter to the trial court for further proceedings. We assess all costs of this
appeal to the defendants, Dr. Paul M. Toce, Jr., Dr. Paul M. Toce, Jr., A
Professional Medical Corporation, and Louisiana Medical Mutual Insurance
Company.
5 Ms. Olson references a second suit in her petition, which she states was filed by Dr. Toce for the purpose of conducting discovery and extending the deadline for completion of the medical review panel deliberations.