Larry v. Lawler

413 F. Supp. 185, 1976 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 14963
CourtDistrict Court, N.D. Illinois
DecidedMay 21, 1976
DocketNo. 75 C 2904
StatusPublished

This text of 413 F. Supp. 185 (Larry v. Lawler) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, N.D. Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Larry v. Lawler, 413 F. Supp. 185, 1976 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 14963 (N.D. Ill. 1976).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM AND ORDER

ROBSON, Senior District Judge.

This cause is before the court on the motion of the defendants for judgment on the pleadings or, in the alternative, for summary judgment and on the cross-motion of the plaintiff for summary judgment as to Count I. For the reasons hereinafter stated, the defendants’ motion shall be granted and the plaintiff’s cross-motion shall be denied.

The plaintiff was rated ineligible for employment in the federal service by an officer of the Civil Service Commission on or about October 22,1974. This determination was appealed and reviewed by the Federal Employee Appeals Authority. Plaintiff was advised, once again, that his application was rated ineligible pursuant to 5 C.F.R. § 731.201. Pursuant to the Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. § 702, a complaint was thereafter filed in this court.

The plaintiff alleges in Count I of the complaint that the aforementioned decision has damaged his reputation and standing and has rendered the plaintiff unemployable within a significant sector of the job market and the community. Further, it is alleged that the failure of the defendants to advise the plaintiff of all of the evidence used against him, as well as defendants’ refusal to furnish plaintiff with specific acts, conduct and sources of evidence upon which defendants relied, denied plaintiff the opportunity to adequately know and respond to this evidence.

Said failure to supply plaintiff with this information, or to provide plaintiff with an opportunity to confront those who gave statements unfavorable to him, is alleged to have been arbitrary, capricious and a denial of plaintiff’s right to due process of law.

The material facts are not basically in dispute. Plaintiff applied to be placed on a register of those eligible for federal employment. A background investigation was conducted and a letter and document entitled “Information Disclosed By Investigation Into The Case Of Maurice Larry” were mailed to plaintiff on October 3, 1974. The plaintiff responded by memorandum on October 16, 1974. Defendant Lawler, Chief, Regional Investigations Division, thereafter advised the plaintiff that his application was rated ineligible at present under 5 C.F.R. § 731.201 because of unsatisfactory employment record/discharge from employment and habitual use of intoxicating beverages to excess.

An appeal was taken in which the plaintiff again requested defendants’ sources of information and a hearing, but said requests were denied and the decision of Mr. [187]*187Lawler was affirmed after the plaintiff again responded with additional documentation. Defendant Walton, Chief Appeals Officer, concluded that plaintiff’s conduct, performance and termination from prior positions tended to raise some question, however indeterminate, relative to incompatibility with successful performance. Further, Mr. Walton concluded that the information developed relative to plaintiff’s use of intoxicants was supportive of the conclusion that plaintiff’s use of intoxicants is habitually to excess.

The plaintiff asserts that he has been denied due process of law to which he was entitled because of defendants’ infringement of plaintiff’s interest in liberty. It is argued that the defendants’ decision has stigmatized the plaintiff and has barred plaintiff from all government employment. As a result, plaintiff alleges that he was entitled to more specific information and to a hearing. In sum, the seriousness of defendants’ charges and their effect are asserted to have triggered plaintiff’s right to due process of law.

The defendants contend that a stigma has not been placed upon the plaintiff and that the plaintiff has not been deprived of liberty. While it is admitted that other federal agencies may be informed of this decision on a need to know basis, it is contended that there will be no general publication of the decision. It is further argued that the requirements of due process have, in the instant case, been met.

Initially the court must decide whether the plaintiff has a protected interest in his application under the Constitution. Due process is applicable only to the deprivation of interests encompassed by the Constitution’s protection of liberty and property. Board of Regents v. Roth, 408 U.S. 564, 569, 92 S.Ct. 2701, 2705, 33 L.Ed.2d 548, 556 (1972).

The parties appear to agree that the plaintiff has no property interest protected by the Due Process Clause. McNeill v. Butz, 480 F.2d 314, 320 (4th Cir. 1973); Jenkins v. United States Post Office, 475 F.2d 1256, 1257 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 414 U.S. 866, 94 S.Ct. 57, 38 L.Ed.2d 86 (1973). At issue is whether the plaintiff has a liberty interest protected under the Constitution. Plaintiff relies primarily upon Board of Regents v. Roth, supra, in which the Supreme Court stated that a charge that might seriously damage standing in the community would entitle the plaintiff to notice and a hearing as would the imposition of a stigma or other disability which foreclosed the freedom to take advantage of other employment opportunities. 408 U.S. at 573, 92 S.Ct. at 2707, 33 L.Ed.2d at 558.

Plaintiff asserts that defendants’ allegations as to the existence of serious character disorders and the ruling of ineligibility from nationwide federal employment are so inherently damaging on their face as to require due process. Further, plaintiff asserts that under these circumstances the scope of the right encompassed the opportunity to learn the identity of, to confront, and to cross-examine his accusers. McNeill v. Butz, 480 F.2d at 321-26.

The court is of the opinion that the precedents upon which the plaintiff relies are inapposite. The instant situation is not one in which an individual employed by the government is challenging his termination. Rather, the plaintiff here is asserting preemployment rights and, in effect, is alleging that his liberty interest has been infringed and that procedural due process was triggered because of the defendants’ rejection of his application and because of the bases of said rejection.

The court has very serious doubts as to whether the instant factual situation is sufficient to invoke the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment. The decision of the defendants has not caused the plaintiff to lose existing government employment. Further, there has been no significant alteration in the legal status of the plaintiff. He has merely been denied the opportunity to seek competitive federal employment for a period not to exceed three years. 5 C.F.R. § 731.303. Finally, the agency decision has not, and will not, be made public. [188]*188To the extent that due process may be required, however, the court concludes that the plaintiff has been granted that to which, under the circumstances here, he is due.

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Bluebook (online)
413 F. Supp. 185, 1976 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 14963, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/larry-v-lawler-ilnd-1976.