Pearson, C.J.
Plaintiffs Edward and Lorraine LaMon appeal from a summary judgment dismissing an action which sought to enjoin the City of Westport from indemnifying its police chief for legal fees he had incurred. These fees were incurred in defense of an action which alleged that the police chief had violated the civil rights of the LaMons by refusing to provide them with police protection.
On appeal, plaintiffs challenge both the authority of the city to indemnify the police chief and the procedure utilized by the city to effect the indemnity. We affirm a summary judgment of dismissal of the action.
A brief factual statement will clarify the issues in this case. In 1974, the plaintiffs brought the civil rights action referred to above against the city's police chief. Defense of this action was tendered to the city's insurance carrier but this tender was refused because the policy had lapsed. The police chief thereupon undertook defense of the plaintiffs' claim and later sought reimbursement for the legal fees he incurred in this defense. The city council considered this matter and passed a resolution to reimburse the police chief. Plaintiffs then commenced this action seeking to compel the city to recover all payments to the police chief.
Both parties moved for summary judgment, with the city's motion being granted.
We first consider whether the city had the power to indemnify its police chief at all. We hold that the City of Westport does have the power to indemnify its officials and employees for attorney fees incurred, at least in a case like the present one, where the official or employee in question is sued as a result of an action or failure to act within the scope of the official's or employee's duties.
The City of Westport is organized under the provisions of RCW Title 35A. The legislative body of such a city has extremely broad powers, including, in fact, all powers it is possible for a city to have under the constitution of this state which are not specifically denied to code cities by law.
By virtue of RCW 35.23.460,
the city clearly could
purchase insurance to indemnify its employees against the type of expense incurred by the police chief in this case. No statute prohibits the city from, in effect, self-insuring the same risk.
See Sonnenberg v. Farmington Township,
39 Mich. App. 446, 197 N.W.2d 853 (1972).
Plaintiffs also raise the related issue of whether or not, despite the city's general power to indemnify its officials, payment in this case was proper because of the nature of the police chief's alleged conduct. We hold that the trial court was correct in finding no question of fact existed on this question. We have reviewed the record presented to the trial court,
Highline School Dist. 401 v. Port of Seattle,
87 Wn.2d 6, 548 P.2d 1085 (1976), and find that, at best, plaintiff demonstrated only an omission by the police chief to provide police protection. Nothing suggests that the actions of the police chief were outside the scope of his official duties. Certainly had the city been a defendant in
this action, it could not have escaped liability on the basis that the police chief was acting outside the scope of his duties. Summary judgment against the plaintiff on this issue was thus proper.
The other principal issue in this case is the propriety of the procedure used by the city to effectuate its purpose to indemnify the police chief. We hold that the city council could properly act by motion and resolution rather than by a formal ordinance and it did not need to justify its actions by findings of fact or conclusions of law. Generally, the legislative body of a municipal corporation may act by resolution or by ordinance unless a particular mode of action is required by the constitution, a statute, a city charter or another city ordinance.
State ex rel. Sylvester v. Superior Court,
60 Wash. 279, 111 P. 19 (1910). In this case, there is no constitutional, statutory, charter or ordinance requirement that the indemnification action be taken by a particular form of procedure. The city council was thus empowered to act by resolution, as it did. We note that there is some virtue in a legislative body's establishing, perhaps by ordinance, the criterion or criteria it will use in considering claims for indemnification of the kind raised in this case. However, as we hold above, the city may properly elect not to pass such an ordinance and to proceed by motion without the benefit of such preexisting criteria.
There is likewise no requirement that the legislative body of a municipal corporation must make findings of fact and conclusions of law to support its actions. The legislative body is presumed to have been fully informed and to have acted reasonably and in the best interest of the municipal corporation.
Snohomish County Builders Ass'n v. Snohomish Health Dist.,
8 Wn. App. 589, 508 P.2d 617 (1973). One challenging the action of a municipal corporation's legislative body must demonstrate that the challenged action is arbitrary and capricious or contrary to law.
Tacoma v. Vance,
6 Wn. App. 785, 496 P.2d 534 (1972). Plaintiffs have made no showing in the present case that the city council did not take action it was empowered to
take by method it could properly use. Summary judgment was thus properly granted to the city.
After oral argument, but before the filing of this opinion, the plaintiffs filed a petition asking for further argument of this case. The gist of this petition is that The Honorable Jack E. Tanner, a Judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington, on October 13, 1978, entered a judgment awarding plaintiffs compensatory and punitive damages against the Westport Chief of Police. We are asked to judicially notice this judgment, to schedule further argument in this case, and to consider remanding this case to Superior Court for further proceedings. We decline to grant any of the requested relief.
First of all, it would be inappropriate for this court to decide this case on evidence not put before the trial court. Nothing in the record shows that the evidence before the federal court was newly discovered so that it could not have been placed before the trial court in this case by affidavit in opposition to the city's motion for summary judgment. CR 56, CR 60(b)(3).
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Pearson, C.J.
Plaintiffs Edward and Lorraine LaMon appeal from a summary judgment dismissing an action which sought to enjoin the City of Westport from indemnifying its police chief for legal fees he had incurred. These fees were incurred in defense of an action which alleged that the police chief had violated the civil rights of the LaMons by refusing to provide them with police protection.
On appeal, plaintiffs challenge both the authority of the city to indemnify the police chief and the procedure utilized by the city to effect the indemnity. We affirm a summary judgment of dismissal of the action.
A brief factual statement will clarify the issues in this case. In 1974, the plaintiffs brought the civil rights action referred to above against the city's police chief. Defense of this action was tendered to the city's insurance carrier but this tender was refused because the policy had lapsed. The police chief thereupon undertook defense of the plaintiffs' claim and later sought reimbursement for the legal fees he incurred in this defense. The city council considered this matter and passed a resolution to reimburse the police chief. Plaintiffs then commenced this action seeking to compel the city to recover all payments to the police chief.
Both parties moved for summary judgment, with the city's motion being granted.
We first consider whether the city had the power to indemnify its police chief at all. We hold that the City of Westport does have the power to indemnify its officials and employees for attorney fees incurred, at least in a case like the present one, where the official or employee in question is sued as a result of an action or failure to act within the scope of the official's or employee's duties.
The City of Westport is organized under the provisions of RCW Title 35A. The legislative body of such a city has extremely broad powers, including, in fact, all powers it is possible for a city to have under the constitution of this state which are not specifically denied to code cities by law.
By virtue of RCW 35.23.460,
the city clearly could
purchase insurance to indemnify its employees against the type of expense incurred by the police chief in this case. No statute prohibits the city from, in effect, self-insuring the same risk.
See Sonnenberg v. Farmington Township,
39 Mich. App. 446, 197 N.W.2d 853 (1972).
Plaintiffs also raise the related issue of whether or not, despite the city's general power to indemnify its officials, payment in this case was proper because of the nature of the police chief's alleged conduct. We hold that the trial court was correct in finding no question of fact existed on this question. We have reviewed the record presented to the trial court,
Highline School Dist. 401 v. Port of Seattle,
87 Wn.2d 6, 548 P.2d 1085 (1976), and find that, at best, plaintiff demonstrated only an omission by the police chief to provide police protection. Nothing suggests that the actions of the police chief were outside the scope of his official duties. Certainly had the city been a defendant in
this action, it could not have escaped liability on the basis that the police chief was acting outside the scope of his duties. Summary judgment against the plaintiff on this issue was thus proper.
The other principal issue in this case is the propriety of the procedure used by the city to effectuate its purpose to indemnify the police chief. We hold that the city council could properly act by motion and resolution rather than by a formal ordinance and it did not need to justify its actions by findings of fact or conclusions of law. Generally, the legislative body of a municipal corporation may act by resolution or by ordinance unless a particular mode of action is required by the constitution, a statute, a city charter or another city ordinance.
State ex rel. Sylvester v. Superior Court,
60 Wash. 279, 111 P. 19 (1910). In this case, there is no constitutional, statutory, charter or ordinance requirement that the indemnification action be taken by a particular form of procedure. The city council was thus empowered to act by resolution, as it did. We note that there is some virtue in a legislative body's establishing, perhaps by ordinance, the criterion or criteria it will use in considering claims for indemnification of the kind raised in this case. However, as we hold above, the city may properly elect not to pass such an ordinance and to proceed by motion without the benefit of such preexisting criteria.
There is likewise no requirement that the legislative body of a municipal corporation must make findings of fact and conclusions of law to support its actions. The legislative body is presumed to have been fully informed and to have acted reasonably and in the best interest of the municipal corporation.
Snohomish County Builders Ass'n v. Snohomish Health Dist.,
8 Wn. App. 589, 508 P.2d 617 (1973). One challenging the action of a municipal corporation's legislative body must demonstrate that the challenged action is arbitrary and capricious or contrary to law.
Tacoma v. Vance,
6 Wn. App. 785, 496 P.2d 534 (1972). Plaintiffs have made no showing in the present case that the city council did not take action it was empowered to
take by method it could properly use. Summary judgment was thus properly granted to the city.
After oral argument, but before the filing of this opinion, the plaintiffs filed a petition asking for further argument of this case. The gist of this petition is that The Honorable Jack E. Tanner, a Judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington, on October 13, 1978, entered a judgment awarding plaintiffs compensatory and punitive damages against the Westport Chief of Police. We are asked to judicially notice this judgment, to schedule further argument in this case, and to consider remanding this case to Superior Court for further proceedings. We decline to grant any of the requested relief.
First of all, it would be inappropriate for this court to decide this case on evidence not put before the trial court. Nothing in the record shows that the evidence before the federal court was newly discovered so that it could not have been placed before the trial court in this case by affidavit in opposition to the city's motion for summary judgment. CR 56, CR 60(b)(3).
More importantly, the United States District Judge’s finding that the police chief willfully refused equal police protection to plaintiffs does not change the result of this case or render the action of the city in indemnifying the police chief illegal. Plaintiffs admit in this petition that the United States District Court found tha| the police chief was acting under color of state law and his office when he engaged in the activity that led that court to find liability. As we have held above, the City of Westport has the power to indemnify its officials and employees for attorney fees incurred in suits resulting from an action or failure to act within the scope of the employee's or official's duties. The existence of the federal judgment thus does not per se render the action of the city council in indemnifying the police chief arbitrary or capricious.
Indeed, an after-the-fact judicial determination such as the federal court judgment in this case may not be
used to render a legislative decision, made before the judicial action occurred, arbitrary and capricious. A legislative body acts on the basis of the facts as they exist at the time the action is taken. It cannot be expected to foretell the future.
Silver Shores Mobile Home Park, Inc. v. Everett,
87 Wn.2d 618, 555 P.2d 993 (1976).
Judgment affirmed.
Petrie and Soule, JJ., concur.