Laboratory Corp. of America Holdings v. National Labor Relations Board

942 F. Supp. 2d 1, 2013 WL 1810636, 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 63031
District Court, District of Columbia·Decided April 4, 2013·No. Civil Action No. 13-276 (RBW)·Published·Cited by 7 cases

Opinion

ORDER

REGGIE B. WALTON, District Judge.

The plaintiff, a Delaware corporation with its principal place of business in North Carolina, seeks an injunction declaring that the defendant, the National Labor Relations Board (“NLRB”), is without the authority “to require, conduct, or certify a union election on behalf of patient service technicians and patient center site coordinators employed by [the plaintiff] in Northern New Jersey,” and enjoining the NLRB from doing so. See Complaint ¶ 1, Prayer for Relief. Currently before the Court are the plaintiffs motion for a temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction and the defendant’s motion to dismiss the complaint for subject matter jurisdiction or, in the alternative, to transfer this case to the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1404(a) (2006). Upon careful consideration of the parties’ submissions,1 the Court concludes for the following reasons that the defendant’s motion to transfer must be granted.

“[A] federal court has leeway ‘to choose among threshold grounds for denying audience to a case on the merits.’ ” Sinochem Int’l Co. v. Malay. Int’l Shipping Corp., 549 U.S. 422, 431, 127 S.Ct. 1184, 167 L.Ed.2d 15 (2007) (citation omitted). And “a district court has discretion to respond at once to a defendant’s forum non conveniens plea, and need not take up first any other threshold objection,” such as “whether it has authority to adjudicate the cause.” Id. at 425, 127 S.Ct. 1184. Indeed, other members of this Court often address whether a plaintiffs chosen venue is appropriate prior to reaching the merits of the underlying cause of action. See Pac. Maritime Assoc. v. NLRB, 905 F.Supp.2d 55, 58-59 (D.D.C.2012) (collecting cases). Accordingly, although the defendant requests a transfer of venue as an alternative to dismissal for lack of subject matter jurisdiction, the Court will address the venue question first.

Section 1404(a) provides that “[f]or the convenience of parties and witnesses, in the interest of justice, a district court may transfer any civil action to any other district or division where it might have been brought.” 28 U.S.C. § 1404(a). The statute “place[s] discretion in the district court to adjudicate motions for transfer according to an ‘individualized, case-by-case consideration of convenience and fairness.’ ” Stewart Org., Inc. v. Ricoh Corp., [4] 487 U.S. 22, 29, 108 S.Ct. 2239, 101 L.Ed.2d 22 (1988) (quoting Van Dusen v. Barrack, 376 U.S. 612, 622, 84 S.Ct. 805, 11 L.Ed.2d 945 (1964)). “As a threshold requirement, the transferee court must be in a district where the action ‘might have been brought.’ ” Montgomery v. STG Intern., Inc., 532 F.Supp.2d 29, 32 (D.D.C. 2008) (quoting 28 U.S.C. § 1404(a)). If this requirement is satisfied, “then a court uses its broad discretion to balance case-specific factors related to the public interest of justice and the private interests of the parties and witnesses.” Id. (citing, among others, Stewart Org., 487 U.S. at 29-30, 108 S.Ct. 2239).

Regarding the threshold question under § 1404(a), it is undisputed that this case could have been brought in the District of New Jersey, where the plaintiffs facilities and employees impacted by this litigation are located, where the union election petition was filed, and where the defendant has ordered that a union election take place. See 28 U.S.C. § 1391(e)(1) (“A civil action in which a defendant is an officer or employee of the United States or any agency thereof acting in his official capacity or under color of legal authority, or an agency of the United States, or the United States, may, except as otherwise provided by law, be brought in any judicial district in which ... a substantial part of the events or omissions giving rise to the claim occurred, or a substantial part of property that is the subject of the action is situated.”).

Proceeding to the next step of the § 1404(a) analysis, the Court finds that the relevant private and public interest factors weigh in favor of transfer. See Montgomery, 532 F.Supp.2d at 32-34 (outlining the pertinent factors). First, as noted above, the plaintiffs facilities and employees involved in this action are located in New Jersey, and the proceedings surrounding the disputed union election order took place in New Jersey. Second, because this case is essentially a challenge to a union election that will take place in New Jersey, if at all, there is a strong local interest in having the controversy decided in the District of New Jersey, where the affected employees are located. While the Court does not doubt that this case also presents issues of national concern, see Pl.’s Reply at 21, that does not negate the local community’s stake in the outcome of this case. Nor does this Court possess any greater ability or competence to adjudicate issues of national scope than the District of New Jersey. Third, because the plaintiffs affected facilities and employees are in New Jersey, transferring this case there would not inconvenience them.

The plaintiff opposes transfer on several grounds, but none are persuasive. It primarily contends that its choice of forum should be accorded deference because its claims are connected to and arose in the District of Columbia. PL’s Reply at 19-20. It is true that “ ‘plaintiffs’ choice of forum is frequently accorded deference, particularly where the plaintiffs have chosen their home forum and many of the relevant events occurred there.’ ” Fed. Hous. Fin. Agency v. First Tenn. Bank Nat’l Ass’n, 856 F.Supp.2d 186, 192 (D.D.C.2012) (Walton, J.) (citation omitted). “However, ‘where the chosen forum is not [the] plaintiffs home forum’ or ‘where there is an insubstantial factual nexus between the case and the plaintiffs chosen forum, deference to the plaintiffs choice of forum is ... weakened.’ ” Id. (citation omitted). And ‘“[m]ere involvement ... on the part of federal agencies, or some federal officials who are located in Washington, D.C. is not determinative’ of whether the plaintiffs’ choice of forum [in the District of Columbia] receives deference.” Id. Here, the plaintiffs home fo[5] rum is arguably either its state of incorporation, Delaware, or its principal place of business, North Carolina. Its facilities and employees that will potentially be impacted by this litigation are located in New Jersey and the only connection between this case and the District of Columbia are the purported actions of federal officials, see Pl.’s Reply at 19-20, so “the Court accords little weight to the [plaintiffs] choice of forum,” see Fed. Hous. Fin. Agency, 856 F.Supp.2d at 192 (citation omitted).

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Laboratory Corp. of America Holdings v. National Labor Relations Board, 942 F. Supp. 2d 1, 2013 WL 1810636, 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 63031 (D.D.C. 2013).

942 F. Supp. 2d 1 (Laboratory Corp. of America Holdings v. National Labor Relations Board) — published by Counsel Stack Legal Research, free access to 12M+ legal documents.

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