Kolpack v. Torres

829 S.W.2d 913, 1992 WL 86016
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedMay 25, 1992
Docket13-91-312-CV
StatusPublished
Cited by11 cases

This text of 829 S.W.2d 913 (Kolpack v. Torres) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Kolpack v. Torres, 829 S.W.2d 913, 1992 WL 86016 (Tex. Ct. App. 1992).

Opinion

OPINION

KENNEDY, Justice.

This is an appeal from a suit affecting a parent-child relationship. The trial court established paternity of a minor child and ordered that the father, Gregory Alan Stel-fox, and appellant, the trustee of the Gregory Alan Stelfox Trust, pay child support. We reverse.

Patricia Torres, appellee, in her claim for child support, joined the trustee of the Gregory Alan Stelfox Trust, Jeri Kolpack, appellant, because the father of the child at issue was the beneficiary under this irrevocable discretionary trust. The trial court obligated appellant as trustee of the Gregory Stelfox Trust, to pay to Torres directly $348 per month in child support from the trust’s income or accumulated income. The trial court also ordered the father, Gregory Alan Stelfox, to pay $105 per month in child support. The father does not appeal from his order to pay child support. The trustee, however, appeals from the trial court’s order obligating the discretionary trust to pay child support.

The primary factors that are considered when determining the amount of child support are the ability of the parent or parents to pay, and the needs of the child. Abrams v. Abrams, 713 S.W.2d 195, 196 (Tex.App.—Corpus Christi 1986, no writ). The best interest of the child is of paramount importance. Id. The trial court has wide discretion in setting an amount as child support and its decision will not be disturbed on appeal absent an abuse of discretion. Id.

The trial court filed Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law. The pertinent trial court findings of fact are:

13. The amount of child support payments per month that is computed if § 14.055 of the Texas Family Code is applied with respect to Gregory Alan Stelfox is $105.00 per month.
14. The amount of child support payments per month that is computed if § 14.055, of the Texas Family Code, is applied with respect to the Gregory Alan Stelfox Trust and its income and accumulated income is $348.00 per month.

The pertinent trial court conclusions of law are:

4. Gregory Alan Stelfox is obligated to pay and shall pay to Patricia Ann Torres child support of $105.00 per month, ...
5. Jeri Kolpack, Trustee of the Gregory Alan Stelfox Trust, is obligated to pay and shall pay directly to Patricia Ann *915 Torres child support of $348.00 per month payable out of income or accumulated income only,....

Under a discretionary trust, the beneficiary is entitled only to the income or principal that the trustee, in her discretion, shall distribute to him. G. Bogert, The Law of Trusts and Trustees § 228 (2d ed. 1979). The beneficiary of a discretionary trust cannot compel the trustee to pay him or to apply for his use any part of the trust property, nor can a creditor of the beneficiary reach any part of the trust property until it is distributed to the beneficiary. Id.

By points of error one and two, appellant contends that the trial court erred when it obligated the trustee of the Gregory Alan Stelfox discretionary trust to pay child support directly to Torres when the trust had no duty to support the child. The issue we address is whether a trial court may obligate a trustee of a discretionary trust to make disbursements of trust income directly to a child support obligee without imposing that obligation upon the beneficiary-parent.

Both parties agree that the statute invoked by this question is Texas Family Code, Section 14.05(c), which provides:

The court may order the trustees of a spendthrift or other trust to make disbursements for the support of the child to the extent the trustees are required to make payments to a beneficiary who is required to make support payments under this section. If disbursement of the assets of the trust is discretionary in the trustees, the court may order payments for the benefit of the child from the income of the trust, but not from the principal.

Additionally, both parties acknowledge that In re Marriage of Long, 542 S.W.2d 712 (Tex.Civ.App.—Texarkana 1976, no writ), addresses the issue presented to us. In Long, the child support obligee, appealed the portion of the trial court’s order by which the trustees of the discretionary Charles E. Long Trust were ordered to pay to her directly $200 per month for the benefit of the minor child, Barbara Long, without obligating Charles for the $200 amount. The appellant, in Long, was concerned that this portion of the court’s order would be unenforceable if ever the trustees of the discretionary trust refused to pay, or upon termination of the trust in three years, when Charles Long would be thirty years old and the minor child would be seven years old. The appellant, in Long, argued that the trustees in the case were not, as the statute states, “required to make payments to a beneficiary who is required to make support payments under this section.” The appellant in Long was concerned that because Charles Long was not required to make the child support payments in his individual capacity that Section 14.05(c) did not apply.

The Long court noted that while Texas Family Code, Section 4.02, states that each spouse has the duty to support his or her minor children, Section 14.05(c) does not address a duty to support. 1 Rather, Section 14.05(c) states that trustees may be ordered to pay child support to the extent they are required to make payments to a beneficiary who is required to make support payments under this section. The Long court concluded, when interpreting Section 14.05(c), that the trial court must first order the trust beneficiary-parent to make the child support payment or payments, after which it may then order the trustees to make disbursements for the support of the child. Id. at 719; (cited with approval in Robinson v. Robinson, 694 S.W.2d 569, 572 (Tex.App.—Corpus Christi 1985, no writ)).

Appellee argues that other similar social policies established by the Texas Legislature including garnishment, and wage withholding, provide for retention of sums otherwise due a child support obligor in favor of direct payment to a child support obli-gee. See Tex.Civ.Prac. & Rem.Code Ann. § 63.001 (Vernon 1986); Tex.Fam.Code *916 Ann. § 14.43 (Vernon Supp.1992). Appel-lee suggests that these other provisions are similar to Texas Family Code, Section 14.-05(c) in that they create a guarantee that funds otherwise available to a support obli-gor will be properly remitted to the support obligee as child support. Thus, appellee asserts, the children of this State are afforded some measure of protection from unscrupulous or irresponsible parents who refuse, fail or neglect to provide child support in accordance with their abilities.

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Related

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
829 S.W.2d 913, 1992 WL 86016, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/kolpack-v-torres-texapp-1992.