U.S. DISTRICT COURT 1 EASTERN DISTRICT OF WASHINGTON Dec 07, 2023 2 3 SEAN F. MCAVOY, CLERK
4 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 5 EASTERN DISTRICT OF WASHINGTON 6 KELLIE K., 7 No. 2:23-CV-0094-WFN Plaintiff, 8 ORDER -vs- 9 KILOLO KIJAKAZI, Acting 10 Commissioner of Social Security
11 Defendant. 12 13 Kellie K. [Plaintiff] brings this action seeking judicial review of the Commissioner of 14 Social Security's final decision denying her application for disability benefits. ECF No. 1. 15 Attorney Chad Hatfield represents Plaintiff. Special Assistant United States Attorney Jeffrey 16 E. Staples represents the Commissioner [Defendant]. After reviewing the administrative 17 record and the briefs filed by the parties, the Court REVERSES the Commissioner's final 18 decision. 19 JURISDICTION 20 Plaintiff applied for Supplemental Security Income and Disability Insurance Benefits 21 on August 10, 2020, alleging disability beginning on August 8, 2020. Tr. 21, 287–320. The 22 applications were denied initially, Tr. 81–122, and on reconsideration, Tr. 123–68. 23 Administrative Law Judge [ALJ] Marie Palachuk held a hearing on December 8, 2021, 24 Tr. 50–80, and issued an unfavorable decision on January 11, 2022, Tr. 21–38. The Appeals 25 Council denied review on February 1, 2023. Tr. 1–7. The ALJ's January 2022 decision 26 became the Commissioner's final decision, which is appealable to the district court pursuant 27 to 42 U.S.C. § 405(g). Plaintiff filed this action for judicial review on April 6, 2023. ECF 28 No. 1. 1 FACTS 2 Plaintiff was born in 1996 and was 24 years of age as of her alleged onset date. Tr. 36, 3 284. She completed high school, Tr. 338, and has past work as a cashier, a gate guard, a fast- 4 food worker, and a kitchen helper, Tr. 68–72. Plaintiff alleges disability based on vision 5 problems, migraines, recurring shoulder dislocations, hyperthyroidism, anxiety, depression, 6 and post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD]. Tr. 55–65. 7 STANDARD OF REVIEW 8 The ALJ is responsible for determining credibility, resolving conflicts in medical 9 testimony, and resolving ambiguities. Andrews v. Shalala, 53 F.3d 1035, 1039 (9th 10 Cir.1995). The Court reviews the ALJ's legal conclusions de novo but gives deference 11 to a reasonable interpretation of a statute the agency is charged with administering. See 12 McNatt v. Apfel, 201 F.3d 1084, 1087 (9th Cir. 2000). The ALJ's decision will be 13 reversed only if it is not supported by substantial evidence or if it is based on legal error. 14 Tackett v. Apfel, 180 F.3d 1094, 1097–98 (9th Cir. 1999). Substantial evidence is more 15 than a scintilla, but less than a preponderance. Id. at 1098. Put another way, "'[i]t means such 16 relevant evidence as a reasonable mind might assess as adequate to support a 17 conclusion.'" Richardson v. Perales, 402 U.S. 389, 401 (1971) (quoting Consol. Edison Co. 18 v. NLRB, 305 U.S. 197, 229 (1938)). If the evidence is susceptible to more than one rational 19 interpretation, the Court may not substitute its judgment for the ALJ's. Tackett, 180 F.3d at 20 1097–98; Morgan v. Comm'r of Soc. Sec. Admin., 169 F.3d 595, 599 (9th Cir. 1999). The 21 ALJ's decision is conclusive if it is supported by substantial evidence, even if conflicting 22 evidence supports a finding of either disability or non-disability. Sprague v. Bowen, 812 23 F.2d 1226, 1229–30 (9th Cir. 1987). But a decision supported by substantial evidence will 24 still be set aside if it is based on legal error. Brawner v. Sec'y of Health & Hum. Servs., 839 25 F.2d 432, 433 (9th Cir. 1988). 26 SEQUENTIAL EVALUATION PROCESS 27 The Commissioner has established a five-step sequential evaluation process for 28 determining whether a person is disabled. 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(a), 416.920(a); Bowen v. 1 Yuckert, 482 U.S. 137, 140–42 (1987). In steps one through four the claimant bears the 2 burden of establishing disability. Tackett, 180 F.3d at 1098–99. This burden is met once a 3 claimant establishes that a physical or mental impairment prevents him from engaging in 4 past relevant work. 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(a)(4), 416.920(a)(4). If a claimant cannot 5 perform past relevant work, the ALJ proceeds to step five, and the burden shifts to the 6 Commissioner to show (1) the claimant can make an adjustment to other work; and (2) the 7 claimant can perform specific jobs that exist in the national economy. Batson v. Comm'r of 8 Soc. Sec. Admin., 359 F.3d 1190, 1193–94 (9th Cir. 2004). If a claimant cannot make an 9 adjustment to other work in the national economy, she will be found disabled. 20 C.F.R. 10 §§ 404.1520(a)(4)(v), 416.920(a)(4)(v). 11 ADMINISTRATIVE DECISION 12 On January 11, 2022, the ALJ issued a decision finding Plaintiff was not disabled as 13 defined in the Social Security Act. Tr. 21–38. 14 At step one, the ALJ found Plaintiff had not engaged in substantial gainful activity 15 since the alleged onset date. Tr. 23. 16 At step two, the ALJ determined Plaintiff had the following severe impairments: 17 "status-post left shoulder arthroscopy (August 2019); optic neuritis with headache (August 18 2020); depression; anxiety; [and] posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD]." Tr. 24. 19 At step three, the ALJ found Plaintiff did not have an impairment or combination of 20 impairments that met or medically equaled the severity of one of the listed impairments. 21 Tr. 24–27. 22 The ALJ assessed Plaintiff's Residual Functional Capacity [RFC] and found she can 23 perform light work except 24 She is limited to no climbing of ladders, ropes or scaffolds. She is able to 25 occasionally reach overhead with the upper left extremity. She is able to 26 frequently reach in all other directions with the left upper extremity. She is 27 capable of occasional depth perception and field of vision (observation while 28 eyes are fixed). She must avoid concentrated exposure to industrial vibration 1 and no more than moderate exposure to hazards such as unprotected heights 2 and moving mechanical parts. She is able to understand, remember, and carry 3 out complex tasks. She is able to maintain concentration, persistence and pace 4 for 2-hour intervals between regularly scheduled breaks. She is limited to 5 occasional and superficial interaction with the public, coworkers, and 6 supervisors. 7 Tr. 27. 8 At step four, the ALJ found Plaintiff was unable to perform past relevant work. Tr. 36. 9 At step five, the ALJ found, based on the vocational expert's testimony, and 10 considering Plaintiff's age, education, work experience, and RFC, there were other jobs that 11 existed in significant numbers in the national economy that Plaintiff could perform. Tr. 37. 12 The ALJ specifically identified the representative occupations of marker, housekeeping 13 cleaner, and routing clerk. Id.
Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI
U.S. DISTRICT COURT 1 EASTERN DISTRICT OF WASHINGTON Dec 07, 2023 2 3 SEAN F. MCAVOY, CLERK
4 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 5 EASTERN DISTRICT OF WASHINGTON 6 KELLIE K., 7 No. 2:23-CV-0094-WFN Plaintiff, 8 ORDER -vs- 9 KILOLO KIJAKAZI, Acting 10 Commissioner of Social Security
11 Defendant. 12 13 Kellie K. [Plaintiff] brings this action seeking judicial review of the Commissioner of 14 Social Security's final decision denying her application for disability benefits. ECF No. 1. 15 Attorney Chad Hatfield represents Plaintiff. Special Assistant United States Attorney Jeffrey 16 E. Staples represents the Commissioner [Defendant]. After reviewing the administrative 17 record and the briefs filed by the parties, the Court REVERSES the Commissioner's final 18 decision. 19 JURISDICTION 20 Plaintiff applied for Supplemental Security Income and Disability Insurance Benefits 21 on August 10, 2020, alleging disability beginning on August 8, 2020. Tr. 21, 287–320. The 22 applications were denied initially, Tr. 81–122, and on reconsideration, Tr. 123–68. 23 Administrative Law Judge [ALJ] Marie Palachuk held a hearing on December 8, 2021, 24 Tr. 50–80, and issued an unfavorable decision on January 11, 2022, Tr. 21–38. The Appeals 25 Council denied review on February 1, 2023. Tr. 1–7. The ALJ's January 2022 decision 26 became the Commissioner's final decision, which is appealable to the district court pursuant 27 to 42 U.S.C. § 405(g). Plaintiff filed this action for judicial review on April 6, 2023. ECF 28 No. 1. 1 FACTS 2 Plaintiff was born in 1996 and was 24 years of age as of her alleged onset date. Tr. 36, 3 284. She completed high school, Tr. 338, and has past work as a cashier, a gate guard, a fast- 4 food worker, and a kitchen helper, Tr. 68–72. Plaintiff alleges disability based on vision 5 problems, migraines, recurring shoulder dislocations, hyperthyroidism, anxiety, depression, 6 and post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD]. Tr. 55–65. 7 STANDARD OF REVIEW 8 The ALJ is responsible for determining credibility, resolving conflicts in medical 9 testimony, and resolving ambiguities. Andrews v. Shalala, 53 F.3d 1035, 1039 (9th 10 Cir.1995). The Court reviews the ALJ's legal conclusions de novo but gives deference 11 to a reasonable interpretation of a statute the agency is charged with administering. See 12 McNatt v. Apfel, 201 F.3d 1084, 1087 (9th Cir. 2000). The ALJ's decision will be 13 reversed only if it is not supported by substantial evidence or if it is based on legal error. 14 Tackett v. Apfel, 180 F.3d 1094, 1097–98 (9th Cir. 1999). Substantial evidence is more 15 than a scintilla, but less than a preponderance. Id. at 1098. Put another way, "'[i]t means such 16 relevant evidence as a reasonable mind might assess as adequate to support a 17 conclusion.'" Richardson v. Perales, 402 U.S. 389, 401 (1971) (quoting Consol. Edison Co. 18 v. NLRB, 305 U.S. 197, 229 (1938)). If the evidence is susceptible to more than one rational 19 interpretation, the Court may not substitute its judgment for the ALJ's. Tackett, 180 F.3d at 20 1097–98; Morgan v. Comm'r of Soc. Sec. Admin., 169 F.3d 595, 599 (9th Cir. 1999). The 21 ALJ's decision is conclusive if it is supported by substantial evidence, even if conflicting 22 evidence supports a finding of either disability or non-disability. Sprague v. Bowen, 812 23 F.2d 1226, 1229–30 (9th Cir. 1987). But a decision supported by substantial evidence will 24 still be set aside if it is based on legal error. Brawner v. Sec'y of Health & Hum. Servs., 839 25 F.2d 432, 433 (9th Cir. 1988). 26 SEQUENTIAL EVALUATION PROCESS 27 The Commissioner has established a five-step sequential evaluation process for 28 determining whether a person is disabled. 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(a), 416.920(a); Bowen v. 1 Yuckert, 482 U.S. 137, 140–42 (1987). In steps one through four the claimant bears the 2 burden of establishing disability. Tackett, 180 F.3d at 1098–99. This burden is met once a 3 claimant establishes that a physical or mental impairment prevents him from engaging in 4 past relevant work. 20 C.F.R. §§ 404.1520(a)(4), 416.920(a)(4). If a claimant cannot 5 perform past relevant work, the ALJ proceeds to step five, and the burden shifts to the 6 Commissioner to show (1) the claimant can make an adjustment to other work; and (2) the 7 claimant can perform specific jobs that exist in the national economy. Batson v. Comm'r of 8 Soc. Sec. Admin., 359 F.3d 1190, 1193–94 (9th Cir. 2004). If a claimant cannot make an 9 adjustment to other work in the national economy, she will be found disabled. 20 C.F.R. 10 §§ 404.1520(a)(4)(v), 416.920(a)(4)(v). 11 ADMINISTRATIVE DECISION 12 On January 11, 2022, the ALJ issued a decision finding Plaintiff was not disabled as 13 defined in the Social Security Act. Tr. 21–38. 14 At step one, the ALJ found Plaintiff had not engaged in substantial gainful activity 15 since the alleged onset date. Tr. 23. 16 At step two, the ALJ determined Plaintiff had the following severe impairments: 17 "status-post left shoulder arthroscopy (August 2019); optic neuritis with headache (August 18 2020); depression; anxiety; [and] posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD]." Tr. 24. 19 At step three, the ALJ found Plaintiff did not have an impairment or combination of 20 impairments that met or medically equaled the severity of one of the listed impairments. 21 Tr. 24–27. 22 The ALJ assessed Plaintiff's Residual Functional Capacity [RFC] and found she can 23 perform light work except 24 She is limited to no climbing of ladders, ropes or scaffolds. She is able to 25 occasionally reach overhead with the upper left extremity. She is able to 26 frequently reach in all other directions with the left upper extremity. She is 27 capable of occasional depth perception and field of vision (observation while 28 eyes are fixed). She must avoid concentrated exposure to industrial vibration 1 and no more than moderate exposure to hazards such as unprotected heights 2 and moving mechanical parts. She is able to understand, remember, and carry 3 out complex tasks. She is able to maintain concentration, persistence and pace 4 for 2-hour intervals between regularly scheduled breaks. She is limited to 5 occasional and superficial interaction with the public, coworkers, and 6 supervisors. 7 Tr. 27. 8 At step four, the ALJ found Plaintiff was unable to perform past relevant work. Tr. 36. 9 At step five, the ALJ found, based on the vocational expert's testimony, and 10 considering Plaintiff's age, education, work experience, and RFC, there were other jobs that 11 existed in significant numbers in the national economy that Plaintiff could perform. Tr. 37. 12 The ALJ specifically identified the representative occupations of marker, housekeeping 13 cleaner, and routing clerk. Id. 14 The ALJ thus concluded Plaintiff was not under a disability within the meaning of the 15 Social Security Act at any time from the alleged onset date. Tr. 38. 16 ISSUES 17 The question presented is whether substantial evidence supports the ALJ's decision 18 denying benefits and, if so, whether the decision is based on proper legal standards. 19 Plaintiff contends the ALJ's decision is not supported by substantial evidence 20 because the ALJ did not have an opportunity to review medical opinion evidence in 21 the record that was contrary to her decision. ECF No. 11 at 18–20. Plaintiff also argues 22 the ALJ erred by improperly evaluating medical opinion evidence, failing to find Plaintiff 23 disabled at step three, rejecting Plaintiff's subjective complaints, and finding Plaintiff was 24 not disabled. Id. at 6, 9–18, 20–21. 25 DISCUSSION 26 (1) The Opinion of Jesse Schneider, D.O. 27 Plaintiff argues the Commissioner's decision must be reversed because the ALJ did 28 not have the opportunity to consider the opinion of Jesse Schneider, D.O. Id. at 18–20. 1 Plaintiff submitted Dr. Schneider's opinion after the ALJ rendered her decision, 2 Tr. 15–17, and asked the Appeals Council to consider it, Tr. 282. The new opinion appears 3 inconsistent with the ALJ's assessment of Plaintiff's RFC. For example, Dr. Schneider 4 opined Plaintiff would need to lie down for thirty minutes every two hours. Tr. 15. In 5 seeming contrast, the ALJ determined Plaintiff retained the RFC to work for two-hour 6 intervals between regularly scheduled breaks. Tr. 27. And while the ALJ found Plaintiff 7 retained the RFC to perform light work with some exceptions, id., Dr. Schneider opined 8 Plaintiff would be off task over 30% of the time, Tr. 17, and miss more than four days of 9 work per month, Tr. 16. The vocational expert testified that missing more than one day per 10 month and being off task more than 20% of the time would prevent competitive 11 employment. Tr. 77–78. 12 The Appeals Council denied Plaintiff's request for review. Tr. 2–4. Regarding Dr. 13 Schneider's opinion, the Appeals Council stated: "We find this evidence does not show a 14 reasonable probability that it would change the outcome of the decision. We did not exhibit 15 this evidence." Tr. 2. Because the Appeals Council decided Dr. Schneider's opinion would 16 have no reasonable probability of changing the outcome, the Court concludes the Appeals 17 Council must have considered Dr. Schneider's opinion. Therefore, the Court must consider 18 Dr. Schneider's opinion when reviewing the ALJ's decision. See Brewes v. Comm'r of Soc. 19 Sec. Admin., 682 F.3d 1157, 1163 (9th Cir. 2012) ("[W]e hold that when the Appeals Council 20 considers new evidence in deciding whether to review a decision of the ALJ, that evidence 21 becomes part of the administrative record, which the district court must consider when 22 reviewing the Commissioner's final decision for substantial evidence."). 23 The case must be remanded for the ALJ to evaluate Dr. Schneider's opinion because 24 consideration of that opinion could have changed the ALJ's ultimate determination that 25 Plaintiff is not disabled: Dr. Schneider appears to have opined limitations greater than those 26 found by the ALJ. See id. at 1163–65; Vasquez v. Astrue, 572 F.3d 586, 597 (9th Cir. 2009). 27 Defendant argues that the ALJ's decision is supported by substantial evidence even if 28 it conflicts with Dr. Schneider's opinion. ECF No. 13 at 12-13. That may be so, but in this 1 case the ALJ has not had a chance to address a medical opinion that seems to contradict her 2 decision. Therefore, the matter must be remanded for consideration of that opinion. This 3 does not mean the ALJ is required to credit Dr. Schneider's opinion. Nor does it mean Dr. 4 Schneider's opinion is entirely inconsistent with the ALJ's previous decision. However, the 5 ALJ must articulate her consideration of Dr. Schneider's opinion. See 20 C.F.R. 6 § 404.1520c(b). 7 Plaintiff asks the Court to remand for an award of benefits, ECF No. 11 at 20, but that 8 remedy is only appropriate if the record leaves no doubt that the claimant is disabled, see 9 Treichler v. Comm'r of Soc. Sec. Admin., 775 F.3d 1090, 1100–01 (9th Cir. 2014). That is 10 not the case here. The Court will remand this matter for additional proceedings and 11 explanation. See Benecke v. Barnhart, 379 F.3d 587, 595 (9th Cir. 2004). 12 (2) Plaintiff's Other Assignments of Error 13 Plaintiff also argues the ALJ erred by improperly evaluating medical opinion 14 evidence, failing to find Plaintiff disabled at step three, rejecting Plaintiff's subjective 15 complaints, and finding Plaintiff was not disabled. ECF No. 11 at 6, 9–18, 20–21. The 16 analysis of these issues could be impacted by the ALJ's review of Dr. Schneider's opinion 17 discussed above. Therefore, the ALJ shall reevaluate those issues on remand as well. 18 CONCLUSION 19 Having reviewed the record and the ALJ's findings, the Court finds the 20 Commissioner's final decision is in error because the ALJ did not have an opportunity to 21 review Dr. Schneider's medical opinion. The Court has reviewed the briefs and the file and 22 is fully informed Accordingly, 23 IT IS ORDERED that: 24 1. Plaintiff's Brief, filed July 17, 2023, ECF No. 11, is GRANTED. 25 2. Defendant's Brief, filed August 16, 2023, ECF No. 13, is DENIED. 26 3. This matter is REMANDED to the Commissioner for additional proceedings 27 consistent with this Order. 28 4. An application for attorney fees may be filed by separate motion. 1 The District Court Executive is directed to file this Order and provide copies t counsel. Judgment shall be entered for Plaintiff and the file shall be CLOSED. 3 DATED this 7th day of December, 2023. 4 ~ 5 L. Kl 6 WM. FREMMING NIELSEN 20623 SENIOR UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
ORDER - 7