King v. State

198 So. 2d 308, 43 Ala. App. 628, 1967 Ala. App. LEXIS 383
CourtAlabama Court of Appeals
DecidedApril 18, 1967
StatusPublished
Cited by6 cases

This text of 198 So. 2d 308 (King v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Alabama Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
King v. State, 198 So. 2d 308, 43 Ala. App. 628, 1967 Ala. App. LEXIS 383 (Ala. Ct. App. 1967).

Opinion

CATES, Judge.

King appeals from a judgment of conviction of possessing a still and sentence to serve two years in the penitentiary. After his motion for new trial was overruled, he submitted his appeal December 22, 1966.

I.

Two deputy sheriffs saw King come up to a stillyard with some jugs.

King first lit a burner under the still. The still pot was “charged” with mash. Second, he put about twenty gallons of water in the flake stand. Third, using “dough” [probably clay], he sealed the capper atop the pot. Then he adjusted the line which carried the vapor to the thumper and thence to the condenser in the flake stand. Outside the water filled flake stand, whiskey was dripping out of a pipe which ran from the bottom of the condenser.

King’s explanation of his presence was that he was searching for his stray coon hound. The true distillers, he told the jury, took to their heels when he came on the .site.

II.

One claim of error is based on the sufficiency of the evidence to support the verdict.

This contention rests on the rule that mere presence of a person at a still on land not his own will not alone support a conviction for possession of the still.

Ethridge v. State, 42 Ala.App. 77, 152 So.2d 689, is not apt because no one was found at the stillyard. In Hood v. State, 42 Ala.App. 286, 161 So.2d 154, however, Flanagan and Hood were seen getting the spent mash out of the still pot preparatory for charging it up for fermentation and another distilling. This activity denoted enough felonious possession to support the verdict on which the judgment of conviction rested.

Rikard v. State, 31 Ala.App. 374, 18 So.2d 435, bears the imprimatur of the Supreme Court, per Merrill, J.1 In Rikard, supra, Mr. Justice Simpson, then one of the puisne judges of this court, opined thusly:

“The appeal challenges the sufficiency of this evidence to sustain the charge. A reversal is argued for the refusal of the trial court to direct a verdict for defendant. The Moon (Moon v. State, 19 Ala.App. 176, 95 So. 830), and Davis (Davis v. State, 26 Ala.App. 370, 160 So. 266) cases are cited as sustaining authority. It is our view, however, that these cases are readily distinguishable from the instant one, and that the court ruled correctly in submitting the issue of guilt to the jury.
“As was said by the late lamented Judge Samford in the case of Lock v. State, 21 Ala.App. 81, 105 So. 431, 432: ‘We have said, and it is the law, that the mere presence at a still, without more, will not warrant a conviction, but any act of the defendant in and about a still which indicates an interest in, or that he is aiding or abetting in the possession, may be taken [630]*630as sufficient upon which to base a verdict of guilt.’ This seems to apply here. The conduct of all three of the named parties, as testified to by Sheriff Nix, bore strongly against their innocence, and a directed verdict would have been unauthorized. See also Milam v. State, 24 Ala.App. 403, 136 So. 831.
“It is, of course, axiomatic, in such cases, that a directed verdict is improper where the evidence raises a substantial inference against innocence. * * * ”

Defendant’s activity, if the State’s witnesses were believed by the jury to the degree required in a criminal cause, cannot here be viewed as innocent.

III.

Objection was made to the reception of two photographs of the apparatus because the photographer did not testify. Appellant contends in brief as follows:

“ * * * the person that took the picture [s] was not present in Court * * * and they were admitted in evidence over the objections of Appellant during testimony of State’s witness who was not even present when [they were] taken. According to * * * Officer Smalley he was present when the pictures were taken and he testified it was January 1966 (transcript page 37) but that nothing had been changed from the time they confronted Appellant until the pictures were taken even though Officer Bearden testified that he had turned off the burners and the date was November 26, 1965 (transcript page 15) that the pictures were taken.
“It is also the earnest contention of Appellant that the photographs introduced in evidence were irrelevant and immaterial to the issues in the case as the Appellant did not dispute that there was a still present and that he was there and further that the still portrayed in the pictures looked like the one he saw. Therefore there was not a single dispute to be proved by the State in t'ne introduction of the picture to potray a still and further that the introduction of the pictures were for the purpose of arousing the prejudice of the jury against the Appellant. * * * ”

One may not validly object to the reception in evidence of a photograph properly identified by a witness cognizant of the matter photographed solely on the ground that it was not introduced by testimony of the photographer.

If a photograph is received via the testimony of a witness present at or about the time of the portrayal and if the portrayal is relevant to the issues, a proper foundation is laid. The testimony of the person who took the photograph is not essential if another witness testifies as to the authenticity of the picture.

Gardner, J., wrote in Alabama Trunk & Luggage Co. v. Hauer, 214 Ala. 473, 108 So. 339:

“Plaintiff, while a witness for himself, identified a photograph as that of one of the signs. He was entirely familiar with the signs, and testified that the photograph of the sign was an accurate picture thereof. The photograph was then offered in evidence by plaintiff, over defendant’s objection. The insistence seems to be that it was inadmissible, for the reason the witness did not take the photograph or see it taken. But he was thoroughly familiar with the signs, and identified the photograph as a correct representation thereof. There was no error in permitting its introduction in evidence. * * * ”

Another facet of foundation testimony for admission of a photograph was discussed by Bouldin, J., in Strickland v. Davis, 221 Ala. 247, 128 So. 233:

“Photographs identified by a party having personal knowledge of the location as true photographs of the scene, and showing the road, the tree, and other [631]*631-permanent objects in their relation to each other, are properly admitted in evidence. It is not necessary to produce the photographer or other person present who saw the location of the camera, where this is reasonably apparent from the photographs, or where the photograph discloses matters of importance regardless of where the camera was placed. * * * ”

As to the origin of the photographs, we -quote in part from the testimony of Mr. Smalley: •

“Q Did you take some pictures of that scene ?
“A Yes, sir, there was some pictures taken.
“Q Did you take the pictures?
“A No.
“Q Were you there when the pictures were taken?
“A Yes, sir, I was.
“Q Who took them?
“A Elmer Henderson.

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Bluebook (online)
198 So. 2d 308, 43 Ala. App. 628, 1967 Ala. App. LEXIS 383, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/king-v-state-alactapp-1967.