King v. Dunbar

716 So. 2d 104, 1998 WL 310497
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedJune 3, 1998
Docket97-CA-2519
StatusPublished
Cited by6 cases

This text of 716 So. 2d 104 (King v. Dunbar) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
King v. Dunbar, 716 So. 2d 104, 1998 WL 310497 (La. Ct. App. 1998).

Opinion

716 So.2d 104 (1998)

Danatus Norman KING
v.
Phelps DUNBAR, L.L.P. Danny Shaw, Harry Rosenberg and Roy Cheatwood.

No. 97-CA-2519.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Fourth Circuit.

June 3, 1998.

*105 Mack E. Barham, Jerry B. Jordan, Travis L. Bourgeois, New Orleans, for Appellant.

Robert E. Kerrigan, Jr., Ellis B. Murov, Charles F. Seemann, III, Deutsch, Kerrigan & Stiles, New Orleans, for Appellees.

Before BARRY, BYRNES and WALTZER, JJ.

BYRNES, Judge.

Plaintiff, Danatus Norman King, brought this action against the law firm of Phelps Dunbar and certain partners, Danny Shaw, Harry Rosenberg, and Roy Cheatwood of that firm, pursuant to LSA-C.C. art. 2315, 2316, 2317 and 2320, as well as LSA-R.S. 23:1006 and LSA-R.S. 51:2231, et seq. On June 24, 1997, the trial court rendered a summary judgment dismissing the plaintiff's claims against the individual defendants. In the same judgment the trial court granted the exception of prescription filed by all of the defendants and dismissed plaintiff's claims against both the individual defendants and the law firm. Plaintiff appeals.

Plaintiff was in the commercial litigation section of the Phelps firm. Plaintiff alleges in his petition that because he is black he was asked to handle cases in the tort and insurance section of the firm because many of those cases could be expected to be tried before predominantly black jurors in Orleans Parish. He also alleges that the defendant Shaw advised him "that the general counsel for the Airport was putting pressure on the firm to hire African-American attorneys for the tort and insurance group, and permit those attorneys to work airport files."

Plaintiff then alleged:
16. Plaintiff once again rejected the transfer to the tort and insurance group, informing Shaw that he would not allow himself to be used as a "black face" for jury or client relations purposes.
17. As a result thereof, a hostile environment became even more hostile. Plaintiff became the target of unwarranted and unjustified attacks on his professional competence; he was accused of being too sensitive regarding racial matters; and he *106 became the recipient of fewer and fewer job assignments....
* * * * * *
20. Plaintiff was reduced to the point of begging for assignments; he even requested assignments from attorneys who were his junior....
21. The Firm's refusal to grant assignments to plaintiff had an adverse effect upon his income, for salary bonuses were predicated upon billable hours. Since plaintiff was not given assignments, he was unable to bill hours and, therefore, was not awarded a salary bonus.
* * * * * *
24. In the latter part of February 1995, plaintiff was informed by three (3) senior partners that his chances of becoming a partner were nonexistent, and that he should consider a career change....
25..... Finally, when he could not tolerate unprofessional, overtly hostile and discriminatory treatment any longer, plaintiff submitted his resignation—effective March 24, 1995.

Plaintiff asserted causes of action against the defendants for discrimination under LSA-R.S. 23:1006 and LSA-R.S. 51:2231, et seq.; for anxiety and emotional distress, including the intentional infliction of severe emotional distress caused by extreme and outrageous conduct resulting in constructive discharge; and for loss of earning capacity arising out of damage to reputation.

At all times relevant to this litigation, former LSA-R.S. 23:1006(B)[1] provided that:

B. It shall be unlawful discrimination in employment for an employer to:
(1) Intentionally fail or refuse to hire, refer, discharge, or to otherwise intentionally discriminate against or in favor of an individual with respect to compensation, terms, conditions, or privileges of employment, because of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin; or
(2) Intentionally limit, segregate, or classify an employee in a way which would deprive an individual of employment opportunities, give a favor or advantage to one individual over another, or otherwise adversely or favorably affect the status of an employee because of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. Provided, however, that nothing contained herein shall be construed so as to create a cause of action against any employer for employment practices pursuant to any affirmative action plan.

LSA-R.S. 51:2231, et seq., creates the human rights commission and in defining "discriminatory practice in connection with employment" refers back to LSA-R.S. 23:332 (formerly LSA-R.S. 23:1006.). This appeal does not involve proceedings before the human rights commission. Therefore, plaintiff's discrimination claim is basically governed by former LSA-R.S. 23:1006. However, the definition of "employer" to be used in former LSA-R.S. 23:1006 is to be found in former LSA-R.S. 51:2232(4)[2]:

`Employer' means ... any person employing eight or more persons within the state, or any person acting as agent of an employer, directly or indirectly. [Emphasis added.]

Plaintiff's claim relates to two categories of discrimination: (1) Opportunities to do certain work because of race and, (2) the deprivation of opportunity to do work because of race.

The suggestion to plaintiff that he do work that would bring him before black juries and the suggestion that he work for the Aviation Board because that board was seeking black attorneys would fall into the first category, i.e., the opportunity to do certain work because of race. In this category plaintiff was given a favor or advantage not given to other employees, much akin to some affirmative action programs. Former LSA-R.S. 23:1006 B(2) prohibited giving "a favor or advantage to one individual over another." However, the grievance, if any, would lie with the individual from whom the favor or advantage was withheld. The individual, in this *107 case the plaintiff, to whom the favor or advantage is given has no claim under former LSA-R.S. 23:1006 B(2). Therefore, the plaintiff has no claim for employment discrimination because the defendants allegedly offered him certain work opportunities because of race.

However, plaintiff also alleges that he was deprived of other work and opportunities for advancement because of race. Plaintiff implies that the refusal to afford him the type of work he wanted and the opportunities for advancement was designed to pressure him into agreeing to do legal work related to his ethnicity.

This case raises several questions. For example, if it is legitimate for the Aviation Board to request black legal representation, does the fact that the Phelps firm may be motivated by a business purpose rather than a racial purpose change the fact that that business decision may have an illegal racially discriminatory effect? We know that it is illegal for a business to refuse to hire or advance a black employee because a client on customer base of a business expressed a preference for white employees. Former LSA-R.S.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
716 So. 2d 104, 1998 WL 310497, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/king-v-dunbar-lactapp-1998.