Kenton L Adams v. General Services Administration

CourtMerit Systems Protection Board
DecidedSeptember 16, 2024
DocketSF-0752-18-0010-I-1
StatusUnpublished

This text of Kenton L Adams v. General Services Administration (Kenton L Adams v. General Services Administration) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Merit Systems Protection Board primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Kenton L Adams v. General Services Administration, (Miss. 2024).

Opinion

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA MERIT SYSTEMS PROTECTION BOARD

KENTON L. ADAMS, DOCKET NUMBER Appellant, SF-0752-18-0010-I-1

v.

GENERAL SERVICES DATE: September 16, 2024 ADMINISTRATION, Agency.

THIS FINAL ORDER IS NONPRECEDENTIAL 1

John Garvey , San Francisco, California, for the appellant.

Deborah Finch and Keaton Norquist , San Francisco, California, for the agency.

BEFORE

Cathy A. Harris, Chairman Raymond A. Limon, Vice Chairman Henry J. Kerner, Member*

*Member Kerner recused himself and did not participate in the adjudication of this appeal.

FINAL ORDER

¶1 The appellant has filed a petition for review of the initial decision, which sustained his removal for excessive absence. For the reasons discussed below, we GRANT the appellant’s petition for review, REVERSE the administrative judge’s 1 A nonprecedential order is one that the Board has determined does not add significantly to the body of MSPB case law. Parties may cite nonprecedential orders, but such orders have no precedential value; the Board and administrative judges are not required to follow or distinguish them in any future decisions. In contrast, a precedential decision issued as an Opinion and Order has been identified by the Board as significantly contributing to the Board’s case law. See 5 C.F.R. § 1201.117(c). 2

conclusion sustaining the agency’s charge, VACATE the administrative judge’s nexus and penalty analyses, and except as expressly MODIFIED to supplement the discussion of the appellant’s affirmative defenses, AFFIRM the remainder of the initial decision. The appellant’s removal is NOT SUSTAINED.

BACKGROUND ¶2 The following facts are undisputed. The appellant was a GS-12 Realty Specialist for the agency. Initial Appeal File (IAF), Tab 8 at 46. On February 16, 2016, the appellant began an extended period of absence for medical reasons; apart from a brief return to work in early May 2016, he was continually absent through the rest of the calendar year, and there is no evidence that he ever returned to duty. IAF, Tab 7 at 8-56, Tab 8 at 59-64. On October 3, 2016, the appellant exhausted his accrued leave, and the agency began carrying him in absent without leave (AWOL) status. Tab 7 at 52-56, Tab 8 at 61. ¶3 On December 5, 2016, the agency proposed the appellant’s removal based on a charge of “excessive absence,” noting that the appellant had “been in a sick leave, annual leave, or AWOL status for a total of over 1000 hours” during the previous 10 months. IAF, Tab 8 at 59-64. After the appellant responded, the deciding official issued a decision sustaining the charge and removing the appellant effective January 18, 2017. Id. at 46-57. ¶4 The appellant filed a Board appeal contesting the merits of the removal and raising affirmative defenses of discrimination and retaliation under Title VII, the Rehabilitation Act, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA), and the Whistleblower Protection Act. IAF, Tab 1, Tab 16 at 3. He waived his right to a hearing. IAF, Tab 1 at 1. ¶5 After the close of the record, the administrative judge issued an initial decision sustaining the removal. IAF, Tab 18, Initial Decision (ID). He found that the agency proved its charge and established that the appellant’s removal 3

promoted the efficiency of the service, and that the appellant did not prove any of his affirmative defenses. ID at 3-28. ¶6 The appellant has filed a petition for review challenging the administrative judge’s thoroughness and partiality. Petition for Review (PFR) File, Tab 1. The agency has filed a response. PFR File, Tab 3.

ANALYSIS ¶7 Having considered the appellant’s arguments on review, we find that they provide no basis to disturb the initial decision. The appellant speculates that the administrative judge did not read every word of every document in the record, but he has not identified any particular piece of material evidence that the administrative judge overlooked. PFR File, Tab 1 at 1; see 5 C.F.R. § 1201.115(a). Nor is the fact that the administrative judge ruled against the appellant in this case, or other appellants in other cases, sufficient to establish that he was biased. PFR File, Tab 1 at 1-2; see Thompson v. Department of the Army, 122 M.S.P.R. 372, ¶ 29 (2015). Nevertheless, the Board reserves the authority to consider any issue in an appeal before it, 5 C.F.R. § 1201.115(e), and in light of developments in the case law after the initial decision was issued, we find it appropriate to revisit the merits of the case. ¶8 As a general rule, an agency may not take an adverse action based on an employee’s use of approved leave. Coombs v. Social Security Administration, 91 M.S.P.R. 148, ¶ 12 (2002). However, an exception exists when the following criteria are met: (1) the employee was absent for compelling reasons beyond his control so that agency approval or disapproval of leave was immaterial because he could not be on the job; (2) the absences continued beyond a reasonable time, and the agency warned the employee that an adverse action could be taken unless he became available for duty on a regular, full-time or part-time basis; and (3) the agency showed that the position needed to be filled by an employee available for duty on a regular, full-time or part-time basis. Cook v. Department of the Army, 4

18 M.S.P.R. 610, 611-12 (1984). This exception is applicable only under unusual circumstances, such as when the employee is unable to return to duty because of the continuing effects of illness or injury. Id. ¶9 In this case, the administrative judge found that the appellant was absent for compelling reasons beyond his control, the absences continued beyond a reasonable time, the agency warned him that he could be disciplined if he did not return to duty, and the Realty Specialist position needed to be filled by an employee available for duty on a regular full-time basis. ID at 4. These findings are generally supported by the record, and the appellant does not challenge them on review. However, there is a facet of the agency’s case that the administrative judge did not address and that compels a different outcome for the appeal. Specifically, there are certain categories of absence, namely AWOL, leave covered under the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993, and leave taken prior to being warned about possible discipline, that cannot be used to support a charge of excessive absence. Williams v. Department of Commerce, 2024 MSPB 8, ¶ 6; Savage v. Department of the Army, 122 M.S.P.R. 612, ¶ 32 (2015), overruled in part by Pridgen v. Office of Management and Budget, 2022 MSPB 31, ¶¶ 23-25. ¶10 In this case, the agency first warned the appellant on October 11, 2016 that he could face removal unless he became available for duty on a regular, full-time basis. ID at 4; IAF, Tab 7 at 30-32. Therefore, none of the appellant’s absences prior to that date can be used to support the charge. See Williams, 2024 MSPB 8, ¶ 6. As for the appellant’s absences after the October 11, 2016 warning, the record shows that none of them were approved and that the appellant was in AWOL status the entire time. IAF, Tab 7 at 52-56, Tab 8 at 61. Therefore, none of the absences that the agency identified in its proposal notice can be used to 5

support the charge, and the charge cannot be sustained. 2 See Savage, 122 M.S.P.R. 612, ¶¶ 31-32. ¶11 Because the agency’s failure to prove its charge may have implications for the appellant’s affirmative defenses, we have reviewed the administrative judge’s rulings on those, as well.

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Kenton L Adams v. General Services Administration, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/kenton-l-adams-v-general-services-administration-mspb-2024.