STATE OF LOUISIANA COURT OF APPEAL, THIRD CIRCUIT
05-328
KELLY MARSHALL
VERSUS
SOUTHWEST LOUISIANA ELECTRIC MEMBERSHIP CORP., ET AL.
**********
APPEAL FROM THE FIFTEENTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT PARISH OF LAFAYETTE, NO. 2002-4727 HONORABLE THOMAS R. DUPLANTIER, DISTRICT JUDGE
OSWALD A. DECUIR JUDGE
Court composed of Sylvia R. Cooks, Oswald A. Decuir, and Marc T. Amy, Judges.
AFFIRMED.
Thomas L. Gaudry, Jr. Michael D. Peytavin John E. Maher, Jr. Gaudry, Ranson, Higgins & Gremillion, L.L.C. 401 Whitney Avenue, Suite 500 Gretna, LA 70056 (504) 362-2466 Counsel for Defendant/Appellee: Valiant Insurance Company
Walter Kay Jamison III Daigle, Scofield & Rivera P. O. Box 3667 Lafayette, LA 70502-3667 (337) 234-7000 Counsel for Defendant/Appellee: Cable Man, Inc. William E. Scott III Thomas H. Wartelle Watson, Blanche, Wilson & Posner P. O. Drawer 2995 Baton Rouge, LA 70821-2995 (225) 387-5511 Counsel for Defendant/Appellee: Bituminous Casualty Corporation
Paul A. Tabary III Randy S. Nunez Dysart & Tabary, LLP Three Courthouse Square Chalmette, LA 70043 (504) 271-8011 Counsel for Plaintiff/Appellee: Kelly Marshall
Matthew J. Ungarino David I. Bordelon Ungarino & Eckert, L.L.C. 1280 Lakeway Two 3850 N. Causeway Boulevard Metairie, LA 70002 (504) 836-7531 Counsel for Defendants/Appellants: Southwest Louisiana Electric Membership Corp. Cox Communications, La., LLC Telecable Associates, Inc. St. Paul Fire & Marine Ins. Co.
Musa Rahman Attorney at Law P. O. Box 98001 Baton Rouge, LA 70898 (225) 231-0756 Counsel for Intervenor/Appellee: Louisiana Workers' Comp. Corp.
Charles M. Jarrell Guglielmo, Lopez & Tuttle, Hunter & Jarrell P. O. Drawer 1329 Opelousas, LA 70571-1329 (337) 948-8201 Counsel for Defendant/Appellee: System Services Broadband, Inc. DECUIR, Judge.
At issue in this appeal is a third party demand for defense and indemnity
asserted by Telecable Associates, Inc. and Cox Communications, Inc. (hereinafter
referred to as “TCA/Cox”) against System Services Broadband, Inc. and its insurer,
Bituminous Insurance Company, and Cableman, Inc. and its insurer, Valiant
Insurance Company. Summary judgment was granted in favor of System Services
and denied as to TCA/Cox, and the claims of TCA/Cox as to all parties were
dismissed. TCA/Cox has appealed. For the following reasons, we affirm.
Kelly Marshall, the plaintiff in the main demand and an employee of Cableman,
filed suit against Southwest Louisiana Electric Membership Corporation
(“SLEMCO”) and its insurer for personal injuries resulting from an accident which
occurred on September 11, 2001. Marshall’s petition alleges he was injured when a
SLEMCO utility pole on which he was working fell to the ground, causing him
injuries and damages. The sole cause of the accident, the petition asserts, was the
negligence of SLEMCO.
In its answer, SLEMCO denied liability and alleged the sole cause of the
accident was the plaintiff’s negligence. SLEMCO also filed a third party demand
against TCA/Cox seeking contractual indemnity pursuant to a joint use agreement
between SLEMCO and TCA, the predecessor corporation to Cox. TCA/Cox accepted
its obligations to SLEMCO under the indemnity provision of the joint use agreement.
However, TCA/Cox then filed a third party demand against System Services,
Cableman, and their insurers seeking indemnity pursuant to the terms of a
construction contract between TCA/Cox and System Services. The claim was strictly
one for contractual indemnity; no allegation of negligence on the part of System
Services or Cableman was asserted. In response, System Services specifically denied that it had agreed to defend and indemnify TCA/Cox for claims arising out of
TCA/Cox’s contractual obligation to indemnify another party, i.e., SLEMCO.
At a hearing on the parties’ cross motions for summary judgment, the trial court
heard arguments on the meaning of the contractual provisions at issue. The court
determined that while the contract between TCA/Cox and System Services does
provide for a defense and indemnity in certain circumstances, the indemnity language
does not encompass contractual indemnity obligations owed by TCA/Cox to third
parties such as SLEMCO.
Appellate courts review summary judgments de novo under the same criteria
that govern the trial court’s consideration of whether summary judgment is
appropriate. Schroeder v. Bd. of Supervisors of La. State Univ., 591 So.2d 342
(La.1991). Summary judgment should be granted where "the pleadings, depositions,
answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any,
show that there is no genuine issue as to material fact, and that mover is entitled to
judgment as a matter of law." La.Code Civ.P. art. 966(B).
Review of the indemnity provisions of the contract between TCA/Cox and
System Services is essential to a resolution of the claims raised herein:
5. INDEMNITY:
(a) Contractor assumes full responsibility for and agrees to indemnify and hold harmless TCA and TCA’s officers, agents, representatives, and employees from and against the following:
(i) all claims or causes of action for damages of any type (including, but not limited to, actual damages, exemplary or punitive damages, fines, penalties, damages claimed under the Deceptive Trade Practices Act, losses, costs, and expenses, including attorneys’ fees and expenses incurred in prosecuting any action out of the performance of the work herein) for bodily injury, illness, death, property damage, economic injury, loss of use, or breach of contract that arise in whole or in part from the conduct or negligence of the Contractor or any of Contractor’s
2 employees, agents, representatives, subcontractors, or subcontractors’ employees;
(ii) all claims or causes of action based in whole or in part on the alleged negligence, assumption of control, breach of duty, strict liability, breach of warranty, or any other theory of liability against TCA or TCA’s officers, agents, representatives, or employees whether such claims or causes of action are asserted by Contractor, any of Contractor’s officers, agents, representatives, employees, subcontractors, subcontractors’ employees, or any other persons (including bystanders and other third parties) who have become involved in any way in the supervision, operations, or activities performed in association with the completion of this Contract or who claim damage, injury, or harm because of such supervision, operations, or activities;
(iii) all claims and causes of action brought by any person affected by the activities performed pursuant to this Contract (including, but not limited to, bystanders, TCA’s officers, agents, representatives, or employees; Contractor or its officers, agents, representatives, or employees; Contractor’s subcontractors or the subcontractors’ officers, agents, representatives, or employees) claiming that TCA or its officers, agents, representatives, or employees in any way failed, refused, or neglected to perform any duty expressly assumed by Contractor in this Contract.
The general rules of contract interpretation apply to indemnity agreements.
Soverign Ins. Co. v. Texas Pipe Line Co., 488 So.2d 982 (La.1986). The
interpretation of a contract is the determination of the common intent of the parties.
La.Civ.Code art. 2045. When the words of a contract are clear and explicit and lead
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STATE OF LOUISIANA COURT OF APPEAL, THIRD CIRCUIT
05-328
KELLY MARSHALL
VERSUS
SOUTHWEST LOUISIANA ELECTRIC MEMBERSHIP CORP., ET AL.
**********
APPEAL FROM THE FIFTEENTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT PARISH OF LAFAYETTE, NO. 2002-4727 HONORABLE THOMAS R. DUPLANTIER, DISTRICT JUDGE
OSWALD A. DECUIR JUDGE
Court composed of Sylvia R. Cooks, Oswald A. Decuir, and Marc T. Amy, Judges.
AFFIRMED.
Thomas L. Gaudry, Jr. Michael D. Peytavin John E. Maher, Jr. Gaudry, Ranson, Higgins & Gremillion, L.L.C. 401 Whitney Avenue, Suite 500 Gretna, LA 70056 (504) 362-2466 Counsel for Defendant/Appellee: Valiant Insurance Company
Walter Kay Jamison III Daigle, Scofield & Rivera P. O. Box 3667 Lafayette, LA 70502-3667 (337) 234-7000 Counsel for Defendant/Appellee: Cable Man, Inc. William E. Scott III Thomas H. Wartelle Watson, Blanche, Wilson & Posner P. O. Drawer 2995 Baton Rouge, LA 70821-2995 (225) 387-5511 Counsel for Defendant/Appellee: Bituminous Casualty Corporation
Paul A. Tabary III Randy S. Nunez Dysart & Tabary, LLP Three Courthouse Square Chalmette, LA 70043 (504) 271-8011 Counsel for Plaintiff/Appellee: Kelly Marshall
Matthew J. Ungarino David I. Bordelon Ungarino & Eckert, L.L.C. 1280 Lakeway Two 3850 N. Causeway Boulevard Metairie, LA 70002 (504) 836-7531 Counsel for Defendants/Appellants: Southwest Louisiana Electric Membership Corp. Cox Communications, La., LLC Telecable Associates, Inc. St. Paul Fire & Marine Ins. Co.
Musa Rahman Attorney at Law P. O. Box 98001 Baton Rouge, LA 70898 (225) 231-0756 Counsel for Intervenor/Appellee: Louisiana Workers' Comp. Corp.
Charles M. Jarrell Guglielmo, Lopez & Tuttle, Hunter & Jarrell P. O. Drawer 1329 Opelousas, LA 70571-1329 (337) 948-8201 Counsel for Defendant/Appellee: System Services Broadband, Inc. DECUIR, Judge.
At issue in this appeal is a third party demand for defense and indemnity
asserted by Telecable Associates, Inc. and Cox Communications, Inc. (hereinafter
referred to as “TCA/Cox”) against System Services Broadband, Inc. and its insurer,
Bituminous Insurance Company, and Cableman, Inc. and its insurer, Valiant
Insurance Company. Summary judgment was granted in favor of System Services
and denied as to TCA/Cox, and the claims of TCA/Cox as to all parties were
dismissed. TCA/Cox has appealed. For the following reasons, we affirm.
Kelly Marshall, the plaintiff in the main demand and an employee of Cableman,
filed suit against Southwest Louisiana Electric Membership Corporation
(“SLEMCO”) and its insurer for personal injuries resulting from an accident which
occurred on September 11, 2001. Marshall’s petition alleges he was injured when a
SLEMCO utility pole on which he was working fell to the ground, causing him
injuries and damages. The sole cause of the accident, the petition asserts, was the
negligence of SLEMCO.
In its answer, SLEMCO denied liability and alleged the sole cause of the
accident was the plaintiff’s negligence. SLEMCO also filed a third party demand
against TCA/Cox seeking contractual indemnity pursuant to a joint use agreement
between SLEMCO and TCA, the predecessor corporation to Cox. TCA/Cox accepted
its obligations to SLEMCO under the indemnity provision of the joint use agreement.
However, TCA/Cox then filed a third party demand against System Services,
Cableman, and their insurers seeking indemnity pursuant to the terms of a
construction contract between TCA/Cox and System Services. The claim was strictly
one for contractual indemnity; no allegation of negligence on the part of System
Services or Cableman was asserted. In response, System Services specifically denied that it had agreed to defend and indemnify TCA/Cox for claims arising out of
TCA/Cox’s contractual obligation to indemnify another party, i.e., SLEMCO.
At a hearing on the parties’ cross motions for summary judgment, the trial court
heard arguments on the meaning of the contractual provisions at issue. The court
determined that while the contract between TCA/Cox and System Services does
provide for a defense and indemnity in certain circumstances, the indemnity language
does not encompass contractual indemnity obligations owed by TCA/Cox to third
parties such as SLEMCO.
Appellate courts review summary judgments de novo under the same criteria
that govern the trial court’s consideration of whether summary judgment is
appropriate. Schroeder v. Bd. of Supervisors of La. State Univ., 591 So.2d 342
(La.1991). Summary judgment should be granted where "the pleadings, depositions,
answers to interrogatories, and admissions on file, together with the affidavits, if any,
show that there is no genuine issue as to material fact, and that mover is entitled to
judgment as a matter of law." La.Code Civ.P. art. 966(B).
Review of the indemnity provisions of the contract between TCA/Cox and
System Services is essential to a resolution of the claims raised herein:
5. INDEMNITY:
(a) Contractor assumes full responsibility for and agrees to indemnify and hold harmless TCA and TCA’s officers, agents, representatives, and employees from and against the following:
(i) all claims or causes of action for damages of any type (including, but not limited to, actual damages, exemplary or punitive damages, fines, penalties, damages claimed under the Deceptive Trade Practices Act, losses, costs, and expenses, including attorneys’ fees and expenses incurred in prosecuting any action out of the performance of the work herein) for bodily injury, illness, death, property damage, economic injury, loss of use, or breach of contract that arise in whole or in part from the conduct or negligence of the Contractor or any of Contractor’s
2 employees, agents, representatives, subcontractors, or subcontractors’ employees;
(ii) all claims or causes of action based in whole or in part on the alleged negligence, assumption of control, breach of duty, strict liability, breach of warranty, or any other theory of liability against TCA or TCA’s officers, agents, representatives, or employees whether such claims or causes of action are asserted by Contractor, any of Contractor’s officers, agents, representatives, employees, subcontractors, subcontractors’ employees, or any other persons (including bystanders and other third parties) who have become involved in any way in the supervision, operations, or activities performed in association with the completion of this Contract or who claim damage, injury, or harm because of such supervision, operations, or activities;
(iii) all claims and causes of action brought by any person affected by the activities performed pursuant to this Contract (including, but not limited to, bystanders, TCA’s officers, agents, representatives, or employees; Contractor or its officers, agents, representatives, or employees; Contractor’s subcontractors or the subcontractors’ officers, agents, representatives, or employees) claiming that TCA or its officers, agents, representatives, or employees in any way failed, refused, or neglected to perform any duty expressly assumed by Contractor in this Contract.
The general rules of contract interpretation apply to indemnity agreements.
Soverign Ins. Co. v. Texas Pipe Line Co., 488 So.2d 982 (La.1986). The
interpretation of a contract is the determination of the common intent of the parties.
La.Civ.Code art. 2045. When the words of a contract are clear and explicit and lead
to no absurd consequences, no further interpretation should be made in search of the
intent of the parties. La.Civ.Code art. 2046; Berry v. Orleans Parish School Bd.
01-3283 (La. 6/21/02), 830 So.2d 283; Richard v. Borden, Inc., 597 So.2d 60
(La.App. 1 Cir. 1992).
In cases involving similar claims for indemnity for one contracting party’s
contractual indemnification obligations to a third party, the jurisprudence consistently
holds that such a claim is viable only when the applicable contractual language is
3 clear and express and the alleged indemnitor has notice of the obligation and gives
his express consent thereto. The Richard court stated as follows:
Nothing in the indemnity agreement supports the claim that the parties intended for Pala to indemnify Borden for the consequences of the negligent acts of IC or any other unnamed third party that Borden had agreed to indemnify or may agree to indemnify in the future, without the knowledge or consent of Pala. Such an interpretation of the indemnity clause would lead to absurd consequences. Certainly IC's negligence contributed to the injury to Mr. Richard, but IC's claim against Borden for indemnification is based on the sidetrack agreement between Borden and IC, not the injury to Mr. Richard.
597 So.2d at 64. Other cases reaching similar results include McKinney v. South
Cent. Bell Tel. Co., 590 So.2d 1220 (La.App. 1 Cir. 1991), writ denied, 592 So.2d
1302 (La.1992); Foreman v. Exxon Corp., 770 F.2d 490 (5th Cir. 1985); Corbitt v.
Diamond M Drilling Co., 654 F.2d 329 (5th Cir. 1981).
The contractual language presented in the case before us does not include any
specific provision pertaining to TCA/Cox’s contractual indemnification obligation
to any other entity not a party to the contract. No mention is made of SLEMCO’s
right to indemnity from TCA/Cox. The contract contains no expression of intent on
the part of System Services to assume TCA/Cox’s contractual liabilities to another
entity. Certainly, there is no notice to System Services that by signing the contract
it was thereby assuming contractual indemnity obligations of TCA/Cox to unnamed
parties.
In granting System Services motion for summary judgment, the trial court
acknowledged the apparent validity of the indemnity provisions set forth in the
TCA/Cox contract with System Services. However, the court explained that the
obligation arises when a claim is made against TCA/Cox, not when TCA/Cox is
asked to fulfill contractual commitments to another entity. We agree with this
rationale. Nothing in the contract at issue reveals that System Services expressly
4 contemplated indemnification for TCA/Cox’s contractual obligations to SLEMCO.
Accordingly, we find summary judgment in favor of System Services was
appropriately granted herein.
For the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the trial court is affirmed. The third
party demand against System Services was properly dismissed. Likewise, those
claims asserted against Cableman, Bituminous, and Valiant which were not rendered
moot were properly dismissed. Costs of this appeal are assessed to TCA/Cox.