Kelley v. Earle

190 A. 140, 325 Pa. 337, 1937 Pa. LEXIS 373
CourtSupreme Court of Pennsylvania
DecidedJanuary 29, 1937
Docket159, Misc. Docket, 6
StatusPublished
Cited by87 cases

This text of 190 A. 140 (Kelley v. Earle) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Kelley v. Earle, 190 A. 140, 325 Pa. 337, 1937 Pa. LEXIS 373 (Pa. 1937).

Opinion

Opinion by

Mr. Chief Justice Kephart,

The Attorney General petitioned this Court to open the decree in and rehear the case of Kelley v. Earle, et al, 320 Pa. 449, wherein an injunction was granted. The first hearing was on original jurisdiction to restrain the General State Authority, a corporation organized under the provisions of the Act of June 28, 1935, P. L. 452, from entering into a proposed agreement. of lease with the State under that Act and from generally carrying into effect the provisions of the Act. When the injunction was granted, the bills were retained in this court. Petitioner, to sustain the application for rehearing, has filed as part of the record a stipulation embodying new and additional facts so that the questions raised may be “re-examined in the light of these additional facts and circumstances.”

*340 The facts on which the original petition was based are detailed at length in the former opinion and need not be repeated in detail. They may be summarized briefly. The Act of 1935, P. L. 452, creates a corporation known as the General State Authority, designated as a “public corporation” and “governmental instrumentality” ; it is composed of the Governor, State Treasurer, and other State officers. The express purpose of its creation is for the construction of permanent public works and improvements, such as sewers, water works, public buildings, airports, highways, etc., while the incidental purpose is to benefit the people of this Commonwealth by alleviating unemployment. To finance these projects it is vested with the power to borrow money and make necessary contracts, subject to the limitation that it can not pledge the credit of the State. It may acquire real and personal property by purchase, eminent domain or lease from the State Department of Property and Supplies, and may lease the completed projects to the State, or any agency or department thereof, with the approval of the Governor. The agreements and leases set forth were the typical documents which were to carry into effect the provisions of the Act. The Commonwealth was to convey land to the Authority for a nominal consideration; the Authority was to construct a complete water works system to be rented to the State Department of Welfare for a term not exceeding 30 years at varying annual rentals. At the expiration of the term and upon payment of the stipulated rental title to the ground and project was to be conveyed to the Commonwealth free and clear of encumbrances.

When the case was first heard, the constitutionality of the Act was considered solely with reference to the stipulated facts before us. The main objection came from the alleged violation of Section 4 of Article IX óf the Constitution, which reads: “No debts shall be created by or on behalf of the State, except to supply *341 casual deficiencies ...” The complainants contended that the obligation of the Commonwealth in the agreement of lease created a debt, which could not be met from current revenues, and was therefore an invasion of the constitutional limitation; further, that the agreement in effect was the purchase of a capital asset by installments, the aggregate of which exceeded the revenues on hand; that it was a continuing obligation beyond the present biennium and therefore an illegal undertaking in violation of this Article. To emphasize that the transaction was a debt, it was urged that the State grants its land to the Authority [its creature] without cost, that the Authority creates a bond issue against it, and that the holders of the bonds on default may take the land. Such compulsion to subject the lands to payment of the bonds could only accompany a debt. The same arguments are again set forth to the amended record.

The new facts contained in the petition for rehearing and reargument are so vital and important that we may, without hesitation, state that a new cause of action is presented. These so modify the original record that the objections heretofore made, no longer have factual grounds to support them.

The additional facts contained in the amended record, which have a material bearing on the question of the constitutionality of the proposed lease will now be stated. A stipulation has been filed exempting the land of the State or the Authority from execution. For this purpose a protective clause will be inserted in the loan agreement, lease and deed of trust. 1

*342 It appears that the Commonwealth is compelled to pay from 10 to 50% more under its present leasing system than it would be required to pay under the proposed new leases and in no case will the annual rent in the latter exceed 5% of the capital cost of the projects. The total of the projects for which applications have been filed, amounts to $60,000,000, of which the Federal Authority will furnish, without reimbursement, 45%. The facts show that the Commonwealth has ample resources to pay the annual obligations of rent which will be called for if the whole of the $60,000,000 is used for the purposes mentioned in the Act. If all the projects are approved the total annual rent therefor will be $1,980,000 or $3,960,000 for each biennium. There are not only sufficient revenues available for such purposes, but the Legislature will be asked to appropriate said sum as an ordinary and current expense of Government, and hence preferred over other expenditures exclusive of debt service and sinking fund requirements.

Many of the improvements include needed' additions to State medical, surgical and mental hospitals, penal and correctional institutions which are already inadequate to meet the demands laid upon them and are grossly overcrowded, with a waiting list running into thousands. Each of these institutions receives income from the several counties of the Commonwealth, and these counties have paid to the institutions for the patients sent there by them, a total amount, as will be seen by the table2 on next page, of $7,289,030.42 for the period from June 1, 1935, to November 30, 1936. This income will be increased by the new additions and all will be available for the uses of the institutions to be benefited, including the charges to be paid under *344 the agreements. In the particular project in question, the Selinsgrove State Colony for Epileptics, the receipts from the institution for the same period were $25,107.88. The construction of the sorely needed projects would result in a great saving to the State, especially in respect to rentals now paid annually, and would decrease substantially the otherwise necessary appropriations for unemployment relief during the current biennium.

The new leases will be “straight” leases to the Commonwealth and at the end of the 30 year period, the title and ownership of the project and ground will be in the General State Authority. There is no provision for reconveyance to the State. It is in the light of these new facts and circumstances that this court will now consider the case.

As a preliminary question our authority to reopen the case was determined in Ladner v. Siegel, 298 Pa. 487, where it was contended that a court of equity had no power to open and modify a decree after the term in which it was rendered, except by a bill of review.

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Bluebook (online)
190 A. 140, 325 Pa. 337, 1937 Pa. LEXIS 373, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/kelley-v-earle-pa-1937.