Keith Gulbranson v. Duluth, Missabe and Iron Range Railway Company

921 F.2d 139, 31 Fed. R. Serv. 1077, 1990 U.S. App. LEXIS 20902, 1990 WL 191500
CourtCourt of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
DecidedDecember 4, 1990
Docket89-5592
StatusPublished
Cited by11 cases

This text of 921 F.2d 139 (Keith Gulbranson v. Duluth, Missabe and Iron Range Railway Company) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Keith Gulbranson v. Duluth, Missabe and Iron Range Railway Company, 921 F.2d 139, 31 Fed. R. Serv. 1077, 1990 U.S. App. LEXIS 20902, 1990 WL 191500 (8th Cir. 1990).

Opinion

BRIGHT, Senior Circuit Judge.

Duluth, Missabe and Iron Range Railway-Company (Railway), appeals from a final judgment entered in the district court upon a jury verdict finding that the Railway failed to provide employee Keith Gulbran-son with a reasonably safe place to work as required under the Federal Employers’ Liability Act (FELA), 45 U.S.C. §§ 51-60. The Railway raises the following points in support of reversal: (1) insufficiency of the evidence; (2) error in admitting minutes of a safety committee meeting into evidence; and (3) irreconcilable jury verdict. We conclude that the district court committed prejudicial error in admitting the minutes and therefore reverse and remand for a new trial on this ground. We reject the Railway's remaining contentions for the reasons discussed below.

I. BACKGROUND

Gulbranson was employed by the Railway as a car inspector. He was a member of the railroad car department, which is responsible for the upkeep and maintenance of railroad cars. One of Gulbran-son’s responsibilities as a car inspector- was to oil the journal bearings on railroad cars, some of which were used to transport taco-nite pellets.

On July 20, 1984, while oiling the journal bearing on a railroad car, Gulbranson fell and injured his back. Subsequently, Gul-branson brought this suit under FELA, claiming that the Railway had failed to provide a reasonably safe workplace. In particular, Gulbranson alleged that his fall was caused by stepping on taconite pellets and that the Railway was negligent in allowing the taconite pellet spillage from the railroad cars to remain on the ground. The Railway disputed the existence of the pellets on the ground and the permanency of the injury, and claimed contributory negligence and a failure to mitigate damages.

The jury returned a verdict in favor of Gulbranson in the amount of $228,500. The Railway brought post-trial motions for judgment notwithstanding the verdict or, in the alternative, a remittitur or a new trial. The district court denied all of the motions. This appeal followed.

II. -- DISCUSSION

A. Sufficiency of the Evidence

The Railway first argues that the district court erred in.denying its motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict (j.n.o.v.). The standard for granting a j.n. o.v. is whether there is sufficient evidence to support the jury verdict. The decision of the district court is subject to de novo review. In deciding whether to grant a motion for a j.n.o.v,, the district court, as well as the appellate court, must view the evidence in the light most favorable to the prevailing party. Brooks v. Woodline Motor Freight, Inc., 852 F.2d 1061, 1063 (8th Cir.1988).' Like a directed verdict, j.n.o.v. should be granted only when all the evidence points one way and is susceptible of no reasonable inferences sustaining the position of the non-moving party. Id.

Applying this standard to the record before us, we conclude that the evidence is sufficient to support the jury’s verdict. Accordingly, the district court properly denied the Railway’s motion for j.n.o.v.

B. Safety Committee Meeting Minutes

The Railway next argues that the district court erred in admitting minutes of a meeting of the Railway car department safety committee. The Railway claims that Gul-branson failed to lay a proper foundation to establish the admissibility of the evidence under exceptions to the hearsay rule and, in any event, that the minutes were'irrelevant. We agree.

The safety committee was comprised of car department union employees. Their meeting occurred on April 10,1985, and the minutes from the meeting were recorded April 16, 1985. The crucial language in the minutes read as follows: “L.J. Hall and B.A. Chesney accidents were caused by slipping and falling related to ice and/or pellets on the ground. Pellets are a con *142 tinuing problem which seem to defy solution.” Over the Railway’s objection, the district court ruled that the minutes constituted an admission by the Railway and admitted them into evidence.

Under Fed.R.Evid. 801(d)(2), a statement is not hearsay if it “is offered against a party and is ... (D) a statement by the party’s agent or servant concerning a matter within the scope of the agency or employment, made during the existence of the relationship.” This rule requires the proffering party to lay a foundation to show that an otherwise excludible statement relates to a matter within the scope of the agent’s employment. Breneman v. Kennecott Corp., 799 F.2d 470, 473 (9th Cir.1986); see also Tallarico v. Trans World Airlines, Inc., 881 F.2d 566, 572 (8th Cir.1989).

Here, the record is devoid of the necessary foundational evidence. The record reflects that Gulbranson sought the admission of the minutes during a side-bar conference at the close of his case. No witnesses were called to establish that the statements in the minutes were statements by the Railway’s agents within the scope of their employment. Moreover, the minutes fail to identify the speaker or speakers of the particular statements at issue. Thus, Gulbranson failed to establish a proper foundation for admitting the minutes as an admission of a party, and the district court erred in admitting the minutes as such.

Gulbranson responds that the district court nevertheless had discretion to admit the minutes because the statements contained in the minutes were not hearsay. According to Gulbranson, the statements were not offered to prove the truth of the matter asserted, but rather to establish that the Railway had knowledge of the pellet problem. See Fed.R.Evid. 801(c). However, Gulbranson’s counsel’s own closing arguments elucidate the fallacy of this position:

If they did such a good job, why did they talk about it at safety meetings? Exhibit 14 [the minutes] — this is the first and most damaging thing, they can hide behind testimony from witnesses that say it was nice out there and perfect and wonderful, but they said at their own safety meetings that it was a continuing problem.

Tr. at Yol. IV, p. 44.

Clearly, counsel is arguing “the truth of the matter asserted” in the minutes. Fed. R.Evid. 801(c).

Additionally, the minutes were inadmissible because they were irrelevant. See Fed.R.Evid. 401, 402. Under Fed.R.Evid. 401

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921 F.2d 139, 31 Fed. R. Serv. 1077, 1990 U.S. App. LEXIS 20902, 1990 WL 191500, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/keith-gulbranson-v-duluth-missabe-and-iron-range-railway-company-ca8-1990.