Keith Carter, Relator v. Department of Employment and Economic Development

CourtCourt of Appeals of Minnesota
DecidedJanuary 17, 2017
DocketA16-732
StatusUnpublished

This text of Keith Carter, Relator v. Department of Employment and Economic Development (Keith Carter, Relator v. Department of Employment and Economic Development) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Minnesota primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Keith Carter, Relator v. Department of Employment and Economic Development, (Mich. Ct. App. 2017).

Opinion

This opinion will be unpublished and may not be cited except as provided by Minn. Stat. § 480A.08, subd. 3 (2016).

STATE OF MINNESOTA IN COURT OF APPEALS A16-0732

Keith Carter, Relator,

vs.

Department of Employment and Economic Development, Respondent

Filed January 17, 2016 Affirmed Worke, Judge

Department of Employment and Economic Development File No. 34295119-3

Keith Carter, Minneapolis, Minnesota (pro se relator)

Lee B. Nelson, Tim Schepers, Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development, St. Paul, Minnesota (for respondent)

Considered and decided by Bratvold, Presiding Judge; Worke, Judge; and Stauber,

Judge.

UNPUBLISHED OPINION

WORKE, Judge

Relator challenges an unemployment-law judge’s (ULJ) decision that he is

ineligible for unemployment benefits because he was not available for or actively seeking

suitable employment. We affirm. DECISION

Relator Keith Carter challenges a ULJ’s decision that he is ineligible for

unemployment benefits because he was not available for or actively seeking suitable

employment. On review, we may affirm, modify, remand, or reverse the decision of the

ULJ if the substantial rights of the relator have been prejudiced because the findings,

inferences, or decision are unsupported by substantial evidence. Minn. Stat. § 268.105,

subd. 7(d)(5) (2016).

An applicant is ineligible for unemployment benefits if he was not available for

suitable employment or actively seeking suitable employment. Minn. Stat. § 268.085,

subd. 1(4), (5) (2016). Whether an applicant is available for suitable employment and

actively seeking suitable employment are questions of fact. Goodman v. Minn. Dep’t of

Emp’t Servs., 312 Minn. 551, 553, 255 N.W.2d 222, 223 (1977). This court reviews the

ULJ’s findings of fact in the light most favorable to the decision and will not disturb them

if they are supported by substantial evidence. Stassen v. Lone Mountain Truck Leasing,

LLC, 814 N.W.2d 25, 31 (Minn. App. 2012). But a ULJ’s determination of ineligibility is

a question of law reviewed de novo. Id. at 30.

Available for suitable employment

An applicant is available for suitable employment when he is “ready, willing, and

able to accept suitable employment. The attachment to the work force must be genuine.

An applicant may restrict availability to suitable employment, but there must be no other

restrictions, either self-imposed or created by circumstances, temporary or permanent, that

prevent accepting suitable employment.” Minn. Stat. § 268.085, subd. 15(a) (2016). An

2 applicant whose physical condition negatively impacts his or her ability to work is not

exempt from the requirement that he or she be available for suitable employment. See

Mueller v. Comm’r of Econ. Sec., 633 N.W.2d 91, 92-94 (Minn. App. 2001) (concluding

that relator was not “available for employment” because of medical restrictions).

Here, in June 2015, Carter established an unemployment-benefit account. In July,

Carter began receiving job assignments from Atlas Staffing. After an audit of Carter’s

benefit account showed that he received unreported wages while he was making his

weekly-benefit-payment request, respondent Department of Employment and Economic

Development issued a determination of ineligibility. Carter appealed, claiming that he was

“afflicted by chronic issues that compromise[d] [his] mobility.” Following a hearing, the

ULJ found that Carter was not available for suitable employment because of a medical

condition. Carter counters that “there was no confirmed disability.” However, his

testimony from the hearing supports the ULJ’s finding.

Carter testified that he was diagnosed with “severe degenerative changes” in his

spine and “severe radiculopathy,” which is a “squeezing of the nerve which

compresses . . . and restricts . . . movement.” Carter testified that when he moved to the

Twin Cities in 2013, he was experiencing “high intensity pain” that compromised his

mobility so much that he was “a hermit for anywhere between three to five days a week.”

His doctor told him that he should not be working.

Carter testified that he was “working against doctor’s orders” and that his condition

is “exhausting” and “extremely debilitating especially when [he’s] trying to work.” Carter

testified that his work history is primarily “labor [and] warehousing,” fairly physical jobs.

3 But he testified that he has weight and standing restrictions. Carter testified that he needed

to understand if he could still work, because he has “not been able” to because he

“essentially [had] a new body.” Carter testified that he sought temporary work because he

wanted the “opportunity to continue to test [his] body to see if [he] can still work.”

Carter’s testimony substantially supports the ULJ’s finding that he has not been

available for suitable employment because of his medical condition.

Actively seeking suitable employment

“Actively seeking suitable employment” means those reasonable, diligent efforts an individual in similar circumstances would make if genuinely interested in obtaining suitable employment under the existing conditions in the labor market area. Limiting the search to positions that are not available or are above the applicant’s training, experience, and qualifications is not “actively seeking suitable employment.”

Minn. Stat. § 268.085, subd. 16(a) (2016). “Actively seeking a suitable job assignment or

other employment with a staffing service is considered actively seeking suitable

employment.” Id., subd. 16(d) (2016). While there is no bright-line definition of what

constitutes actively seeking suitable employment, caselaw indicates that merely looking at

employment listings, contacting acquaintances, and applying for a few positions may be

insufficient to show that an applicant is actively seeking suitable employment. See Pyeatt

v. State, Dep’t of Emp’t Servs., 263 N.W.2d 394, 395 (Minn. 1978) (job search inadequate

when relator applied for six or seven positions over an eight-month period); Monson v.

Minn. Dep’t of Emp’t Servs., 262 N.W.2d 171, 172 (Minn. 1978) (job search inadequate

when relator researched an employment data bank, regularly consulted professional

journals and newspaper notices, and applied for two or three positions in his field, but failed

4 to explore other positions over a two-month period); James v. Comm’r of Econ. Sec., 354

N.W.2d 840, 841-42 (Minn. App. 1984) (job search inadequate when relator made phone

contact with four employers and visited a job-service office twice over a three-week

period), review denied (Minn. Dec. 20, 1984).

The ULJ found that Carter’s testimony established that, over a six-month period, he

applied for only four jobs and limited his job search due to his medical condition. Carter

argues on appeal that he “actively looked for work daily, weekly, [and] monthly,” and

consistently requested assignments from Atlas.

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Related

Monson v. Minnesota Department of Employment Services
262 N.W.2d 171 (Supreme Court of Minnesota, 1978)
James v. Commissioner of Economic Security
354 N.W.2d 840 (Court of Appeals of Minnesota, 1984)
Mueller v. Commissioner of Economic Security
633 N.W.2d 91 (Court of Appeals of Minnesota, 2001)
Goodman v. Minnesota Dept. of Employment Services
255 N.W.2d 222 (Supreme Court of Minnesota, 1977)
Pyeatt v. State, Department of Employment Services
263 N.W.2d 394 (Supreme Court of Minnesota, 1978)
Stassen v. Lone Mountain Truck Leasing, LLC
814 N.W.2d 25 (Court of Appeals of Minnesota, 2012)

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