IN THE TENTH COURT OF APPEALS
No. 10-19-00257-CV No. 10-19-00390-CV
KAYE ALEXANDER PATE, Appellant v.
CAROLYN ALEXANDER BALLARD, Appellee
From the 77th District Court Freestone County, Texas Trial Court No. CV18043
OPINION
Carolyn Ballard filed suit against Kaye Pate for a partition of personal and real
property and for a partition of settlement proceeds that Pate received in a lawsuit
concerning the real property. The trial court granted partial summary judgment
dismissing Pate’s statute of limitations defense as to the personal property items. After a
bench trial on the remaining issue, the trial court granted judgment in favor of Ballard.
Pate appeals from that judgment, signed on May 8, 2019, in Cause No. 10-19-00257-CV. On October 22, 2019, the trial court entered an order approving the sale of a 95.2 acre tract
that was held by the appointed receiver, and Pate appeals from that order in Cause No.
10-19-00390-CV. We affirm the trial court’s May 8, 2019 Judgment and October 22, 2019
Order.
BACKGROUND FACTS
Ballard and Pate are sisters. Their father, R.V. Alexander, died on May 25, 1999,
leaving them real and personal property. The real property consists of 3 tracts: a 5.6 acre
tract, a 95.2 acre tract, and a 153 acre tract. Pate has been in possession of much of the
personal property in dispute, consisting mainly of guns, knives, and some equipment,
since 2001. At some point, the sisters attempted to conduct a drawing to divide the
personal property, but that was unsuccessful. Pate filed a lawsuit in 2010 against a third
party for damages when an adjacent landowner cut down some trees and fences on one
of the tracts of property owned by Ballard and Pate. Ballard did not join in the lawsuit.
Pate received a $30,000 settlement from that lawsuit.
On February 2, 2018, Ballard filed suit against Pate seeking a partition of the real
and personal property and also to partition the settlement proceeds that Pate received in
the 2010 lawsuit concerning the real property. Pate answered asserting the affirmative
defense of statute of limitations. Ballard filed a motion for partial summary judgment
arguing that Pate could not raise a genuine issue of material fact on the defense. The trial
court granted Ballard’s motion for partial summary judgment in part. The trial court
found that there was no genuine issue of material fact on Pate’s limitations defense as to
the real and personal property. The trial court found that the real and personal properties
Pate v. Ballard Page 2 were subject to partition. The trial court found that there was a genuine issue of material
fact regarding Pate’s limitations defense as to the settlement proceeds from the 2010
lawsuit. The trial court granted the motion for partial summary judgment and ordered
the real properties and personal properties owned by R.V. Alexander to be partitioned.
The trial court further denied the motion for partial summary judgment as to the
settlement damages recovered in the 2010 lawsuit and ordered that issue to proceed to
trial.
After a bench trial, the trial court signed a judgment on May 8, 2019, that appointed
a receiver to sell the 5.6 acre tract and the 95.2 acre tract. The trial court ordered that from
the sale of the two tracts, $25,000 shall be paid into the registry of the court to be held as
a reserve to pay for the partition of the 153 acre tract. The trial court further ordered that
$12,213.57 be deducted from Pate’s sale proceeds from either of the two tracts and paid
to Ballard as equalization of property for the settlement proceeds from the 2010 lawsuit.
The trial court ordered that any remaining balance from the $25,000 reserve payment paid
into the court’s registry be split evenly between Ballard and Pate. The trial court
appointed commissioners to partition the 153 acre tract. The trial court’s judgment also
divided and partitioned the disputed personal property from the estate of R.V.
Alexander.
Pate v. Ballard Page 3 On October 22, 2019, the trial court signed an order approving the sale of the 95.2
acre tract.1 The 95.2 acre tract sold for $309,400. The trial court ordered that $12,213.57
be deducted from Pate’s proceeds.
FINDINGS OF FACT AND CONCLUSIONS OF LAW
In both Cause No. 10-19-00257-CV and Cause No. 10-19-00390-CV, Pate argues in
her first issue that the trial court’s failure to file required findings of fact and conclusions
of law warrants relief. There is no dispute that the trial court failed to make findings of
fact and conclusions of law though they were timely requested by Pate. A trial court's
failure to file findings in response to a timely and proper request is presumed harmful,
unless the record before the appellate court affirmatively shows that the complaining
party has suffered no injury. Ad Villarai, LLC v. Chan Il Pak, 519 S.W.3d 132, 135 (Tex.
2017). The purpose of requesting findings of fact and conclusions of law is to narrow the
judgment’s bases and thereby reduce the number of contentions the appellant must make
on appeal. Guillory v. Dietrich, 598 S.W.3d 284, 290 (Tex. App. — Dallas, 2020, pet. den’d).
Error in failing to make findings is harmful if it prevents an appellant from properly
presenting a case to the appellate court. Tenery v. Tenery, 932 S.W.2d 29 (Tex. 1996).
Pate asserted the affirmative defense of limitations. Ballard filed a motion for
partial summary judgment arguing that Pate failed to plead and prove her defense of
limitations. The parties consistently argued throughout the proceedings whether Pate
1 The trial court approved the sale of the 5.6 acre tract, but Pate does not appeal from that sale. Pate v. Ballard Page 4 proved her defense of limitations. The trial court found that the was no genuine issue of
material of fact as to the limitations defense on the partition of the real and personal
property. After a bench trial, the trial court found that Pate did not establish the
limitations defense as to the 2010 lawsuit settlement proceeds. Pate was not left to guess
at the reasons for the trial court’s ruling. See Beard v. Beard, 49 S.W.3d 40, 52 (Tex. App.
— 2001, pet. den’d). Pate was not prevented from properly presenting her case on appeal.
We find that the record demonstrates the absence of harm in the trial court’s failure to
make findings of fact and conclusions of law. We overrule the first issue in both Cause
No. 10-19-257-CV and Cause No. 10-19-00390-CV.
STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS
In her second issue, in both Cause No. 10-19-00257-CV and Cause No. 10-19-00390-
CV, Pate argues that the statute of limitations bars Ballard’s recovery on her claims. Pate
contends that Ballard was required to bring her claim for conversion of personal property
within two years of demand and refusal. See TEX. CIV. PRAC. & REM. CODE ANN. § 16.003
(a) (West). Pate asserts that she and Ballard conducted a drawing for the personal
property in 2001, but Ballard disputes that a drawing occurred in 2001. Pate argues that
notwithstanding the disagreement over the 2001 drawing, Ballard demanded return of
the personal property in 2007, 2014, and 2015, and on each occasion, Pate refused to return
the property.
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IN THE TENTH COURT OF APPEALS
No. 10-19-00257-CV No. 10-19-00390-CV
KAYE ALEXANDER PATE, Appellant v.
CAROLYN ALEXANDER BALLARD, Appellee
From the 77th District Court Freestone County, Texas Trial Court No. CV18043
OPINION
Carolyn Ballard filed suit against Kaye Pate for a partition of personal and real
property and for a partition of settlement proceeds that Pate received in a lawsuit
concerning the real property. The trial court granted partial summary judgment
dismissing Pate’s statute of limitations defense as to the personal property items. After a
bench trial on the remaining issue, the trial court granted judgment in favor of Ballard.
Pate appeals from that judgment, signed on May 8, 2019, in Cause No. 10-19-00257-CV. On October 22, 2019, the trial court entered an order approving the sale of a 95.2 acre tract
that was held by the appointed receiver, and Pate appeals from that order in Cause No.
10-19-00390-CV. We affirm the trial court’s May 8, 2019 Judgment and October 22, 2019
Order.
BACKGROUND FACTS
Ballard and Pate are sisters. Their father, R.V. Alexander, died on May 25, 1999,
leaving them real and personal property. The real property consists of 3 tracts: a 5.6 acre
tract, a 95.2 acre tract, and a 153 acre tract. Pate has been in possession of much of the
personal property in dispute, consisting mainly of guns, knives, and some equipment,
since 2001. At some point, the sisters attempted to conduct a drawing to divide the
personal property, but that was unsuccessful. Pate filed a lawsuit in 2010 against a third
party for damages when an adjacent landowner cut down some trees and fences on one
of the tracts of property owned by Ballard and Pate. Ballard did not join in the lawsuit.
Pate received a $30,000 settlement from that lawsuit.
On February 2, 2018, Ballard filed suit against Pate seeking a partition of the real
and personal property and also to partition the settlement proceeds that Pate received in
the 2010 lawsuit concerning the real property. Pate answered asserting the affirmative
defense of statute of limitations. Ballard filed a motion for partial summary judgment
arguing that Pate could not raise a genuine issue of material fact on the defense. The trial
court granted Ballard’s motion for partial summary judgment in part. The trial court
found that there was no genuine issue of material fact on Pate’s limitations defense as to
the real and personal property. The trial court found that the real and personal properties
Pate v. Ballard Page 2 were subject to partition. The trial court found that there was a genuine issue of material
fact regarding Pate’s limitations defense as to the settlement proceeds from the 2010
lawsuit. The trial court granted the motion for partial summary judgment and ordered
the real properties and personal properties owned by R.V. Alexander to be partitioned.
The trial court further denied the motion for partial summary judgment as to the
settlement damages recovered in the 2010 lawsuit and ordered that issue to proceed to
trial.
After a bench trial, the trial court signed a judgment on May 8, 2019, that appointed
a receiver to sell the 5.6 acre tract and the 95.2 acre tract. The trial court ordered that from
the sale of the two tracts, $25,000 shall be paid into the registry of the court to be held as
a reserve to pay for the partition of the 153 acre tract. The trial court further ordered that
$12,213.57 be deducted from Pate’s sale proceeds from either of the two tracts and paid
to Ballard as equalization of property for the settlement proceeds from the 2010 lawsuit.
The trial court ordered that any remaining balance from the $25,000 reserve payment paid
into the court’s registry be split evenly between Ballard and Pate. The trial court
appointed commissioners to partition the 153 acre tract. The trial court’s judgment also
divided and partitioned the disputed personal property from the estate of R.V.
Alexander.
Pate v. Ballard Page 3 On October 22, 2019, the trial court signed an order approving the sale of the 95.2
acre tract.1 The 95.2 acre tract sold for $309,400. The trial court ordered that $12,213.57
be deducted from Pate’s proceeds.
FINDINGS OF FACT AND CONCLUSIONS OF LAW
In both Cause No. 10-19-00257-CV and Cause No. 10-19-00390-CV, Pate argues in
her first issue that the trial court’s failure to file required findings of fact and conclusions
of law warrants relief. There is no dispute that the trial court failed to make findings of
fact and conclusions of law though they were timely requested by Pate. A trial court's
failure to file findings in response to a timely and proper request is presumed harmful,
unless the record before the appellate court affirmatively shows that the complaining
party has suffered no injury. Ad Villarai, LLC v. Chan Il Pak, 519 S.W.3d 132, 135 (Tex.
2017). The purpose of requesting findings of fact and conclusions of law is to narrow the
judgment’s bases and thereby reduce the number of contentions the appellant must make
on appeal. Guillory v. Dietrich, 598 S.W.3d 284, 290 (Tex. App. — Dallas, 2020, pet. den’d).
Error in failing to make findings is harmful if it prevents an appellant from properly
presenting a case to the appellate court. Tenery v. Tenery, 932 S.W.2d 29 (Tex. 1996).
Pate asserted the affirmative defense of limitations. Ballard filed a motion for
partial summary judgment arguing that Pate failed to plead and prove her defense of
limitations. The parties consistently argued throughout the proceedings whether Pate
1 The trial court approved the sale of the 5.6 acre tract, but Pate does not appeal from that sale. Pate v. Ballard Page 4 proved her defense of limitations. The trial court found that the was no genuine issue of
material of fact as to the limitations defense on the partition of the real and personal
property. After a bench trial, the trial court found that Pate did not establish the
limitations defense as to the 2010 lawsuit settlement proceeds. Pate was not left to guess
at the reasons for the trial court’s ruling. See Beard v. Beard, 49 S.W.3d 40, 52 (Tex. App.
— 2001, pet. den’d). Pate was not prevented from properly presenting her case on appeal.
We find that the record demonstrates the absence of harm in the trial court’s failure to
make findings of fact and conclusions of law. We overrule the first issue in both Cause
No. 10-19-257-CV and Cause No. 10-19-00390-CV.
STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS
In her second issue, in both Cause No. 10-19-00257-CV and Cause No. 10-19-00390-
CV, Pate argues that the statute of limitations bars Ballard’s recovery on her claims. Pate
contends that Ballard was required to bring her claim for conversion of personal property
within two years of demand and refusal. See TEX. CIV. PRAC. & REM. CODE ANN. § 16.003
(a) (West). Pate asserts that she and Ballard conducted a drawing for the personal
property in 2001, but Ballard disputes that a drawing occurred in 2001. Pate argues that
notwithstanding the disagreement over the 2001 drawing, Ballard demanded return of
the personal property in 2007, 2014, and 2015, and on each occasion, Pate refused to return
the property. Pate maintains that at the latest the limitation period began to run in 2015,
Pate v. Ballard Page 5 and Ballard did not bring suit until February 2018, more than two years after the 2015
refusal.
Ballard’s petition asks the trial court to partition the real and personal property.
A joint owner or claimant of real property or an interest in real property or a joint owner
of personal property may compel a partition of the interest or the property among the
joint owners or claimants under the Property Code and the Texas Rules of Civil
Procedure. TEX. PROP. CODE ANN. § 23.001. Ballard continuously referred to the suit as
one for partition. Although Pate seeks to characterize it as a suit for conversion, we find
that the suit was for partition. There is no statute of limitations on partition. Trevino v.
Trevino, 64 S.W.3d 166, 174 (Tex. App. — San Antonio 2001, no pet.). Therefore, Ballard’s
claims for the partition of personal property are not barred by the statute of limitations.
Pate also argues that limitations bars the recovery of the settlement proceeds.
There is no dispute that Ballard and Pate were joint owners of the real property at the
time of the 2010 lawsuit. In her petition, Ballard sought to partition the proceeds from
the 2010 lawsuit and asked the trial court to consider ordering her a greater portion of the
property or proceeds in determining the just and equitable division of the property.
Because Ballard seeks to partition the proceeds from the 2010 lawsuit, her claims are not
barred by limitations. Id. We overrule the second issue in both Cause No. 10-19-00257-
CV and Cause No. 10-19-00390-CV.
Pate v. Ballard Page 6 Because we find that Ballard’s claims are for partition of personal property and
there is no statute of limitations for partition, we further find that the trial court did not
err in granting Ballard’s motion for partial summary judgment dismissing Pate’s
limitations defense. We overrule the third issue in Cause No. 10-19-00257-CV.
CONCLUSION
We affirm the trial court’s May 8, 2019 Judgment in Cause No. 10-19-00257-CV.
We affirm the trial court’s October 22, 2019 Order in Cause No. 10-19-00390-CV.
MATT JOHNSON Justice
Before Chief Justice Gray, Justice Johnson, and Justice Smith (Chief Justice Gray dissenting) Affirmed Opinion delivered and filed October 6, 2021 [CV06]
Pate v. Ballard Page 7