Kay v. Sandler

704 S.W.2d 426
CourtCourt of Appeals of Texas
DecidedDecember 26, 1985
DocketNo. C14-85-183CV
StatusPublished

This text of 704 S.W.2d 426 (Kay v. Sandler) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Kay v. Sandler, 704 S.W.2d 426 (Tex. Ct. App. 1985).

Opinion

OPINION

CANNON, Justice.

This is an appeal from an order of the County Court at Law of Fort Bend County appointing appellee temporary administra-trix of the estate of Jack E. Kay, deceased, pending final disposition of a will contest involving the probate of Kay’s will. Appellants challenge the appointment of appellee as temporary administratrix, claiming that appellee is not a suitable person to be named as such pending the will contest. Appellants further allege the trial court erred in holding that certain records of a business included in the estate are confidential, in refusing to grant a bill of exceptions to the requested records, and in holding that certain of the business’s management records prior to appellee’s appointment are not germane to her suitability to the appointment. We find no error and affirm.

[432]*432Jack E. Kay died on October 3, 1984. InterFirst Bank Houston applied for and was appointed temporary administrator of the estate, then applied to probate the February 9, 1983, written will of the deceased. InterFirst resigned as temporary administrator on October 26, 1984, on which date appellee, daughter of the deceased and primary beneficiary under the written will, applied for and was appointed successor temporary administratrix. On October 29, 1984, appellant Mike Kay contested the application to probate the will. He was later joined in the contest on November 8, 1984, by other brothers and a sister of the deceased, alleging that the deceased revoked the will of February 9, 1983, in a later, nuncupative will made on or about September 21, 1984, in which appellants are the beneficiaries. On November 19, 1984, upon the appellants’ application, the trial court entered an order accepting appellee’s resignation as successor temporary administra-trix and appointing River Oaks Bank and Trust Company as second successor temporary administrator. However, River Oaks Bank and Trust Company declined to so serve, and on December 19, 1984, the trial court again appointed appellee as temporary administratrix subject to a review of the appointment the following January. On January 11, 1985, a lengthy hearing was conducted by the trial court to review the appellee’s actions as temporary admin-istratrix to determine if she should continue in that capacity. By order signed January 23, 1985, the trial court found that appellee should so continue. It is from this order that appellants bring this appeal.

In points of error one, two and four appellants claim that appellee is not a suitable person to be named temporary admin-istratrix pending the will contest because she is adverse to the appellants in the contest, and because the trial court was bound to appoint a neutral person or entity according to the language contained in an earlier court order.

Section 131 of the Texas Probate Code provides:

Whenever it appears to the county judge that the interest of a decedent’s estate ... requires immediate appointment of a personal representative, he shall, by written order, appoint a suitable temporary representative, with such limited powers as the circumstances of the case require, and such appointment may be made permanent, as herein provided.

Tex.Prob.Code Ann. § 131 (Vernon 1980). See also Tex.Prob.Code Ann. § 78 (Vernon 1980), which provides that “No person is qualified to serve as an ... administrator who is: (f) A person whom the court finds unsuitable.”

There is little case law which discusses what constitutes a “suitable” person under the Probate Code. It has been held, however, that the proponent of a will in a will contest is not disqualified, as a matter of law, from serving as temporary administrator nor did his appointment as such constitute an abuse of the trial court’s discretion. Mulry v. Grimes, 280 S.W.2d 350, 352 (Tex.Civ.App.—Waco 1955, no writ). Texas courts seem also to distinguish the situation in which the representative asserts a claim which is adverse or incompatible with the interest of the estate from that in which the conflict is limited to a determination of which party, including the representative, will receive the estate’s assets. See Haynes v. Clanton, 257 S.W.2d 789 (Tex.Civ.App.-El Paso 1953, writ dism’d by agr.) (administrator disqualified from serving where he owned 11 per cent of a bank’s stock and the bank had asserted a claim to the estate’s assets through a suit brought against the administrator). See also Hitt v. Dumitrov, 598 S.W.2d 355 (Tex.Civ.App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1980, no writ) (administrator disqualified where he served as administrator of two separate estates of husband and wife killed simultaneously in airplane crash because the situation created a conflict of interest which forced the administrator to place the estates in a position adverse to one another over the issue of insurance proceeds).

Appellants also argue that the trial court’s order of November 19, 1984, con[433]*433tains language which compels the appointment of a “neutral” party. The order states that:

On November 19, 1984, came on to be heard the application of [appellants] for the appointment of a Second Successor Temporary Administrator to be a neutral party or entity in the place and stead of [appellee] ... [Appellee] and [appellants] appeared by and through their respective attorneys of record and announced to the Court that all parties agreed that [appel-lee] would resign and that a neutral person or entity should be named Second Temporary Administrator.

Appellants contend that under the doctrine of the “law of the case” both the appellee and trial court are bound by the order to the selection of a neutral person or entity. The doctrine of the law of the case is defined as that principle under which the initial determination of questions of law will be held to govern the case throughout its subsequent stages. Trevino v. Turcotte, 564 S.W.2d 682, 685 (Tex.1978). The application of this doctrine is flexible and must always be left to the discretion of the court and determined according to the particular circumstances of the case. Governing Board v. Pannill, 659 S.W.2d 670, 680-81 (Tex.App.—Beaumont 1983, writ ref’d n.r.e.). The language used by the trial court in its order is not mandatory nor does it necessarily address a question of law. In addition, the record reflects that the trial court approved the appointment of at least two different banks to serve as temporary administrator, but both banks refused. Thus it appears a diligent effort was in fact made to appoint a neutral entity.

While this court agrees with appellants that appellee might not have been the most appropriate choice to serve as temporary administratrix, the county judge has been given broad discretion in determining who is or is not a suitable or proper person to be appointed temporary administrator. Mulry v. Grimes, 280 S.W.2d at 352. We cannot hold that the trial court abused its discretion in appointing appellee temporary administratrix. Appellants’ first, second and fourth points of error are overruled.

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Related

Barrett v. Parchman
675 S.W.2d 289 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 1984)
Governing Board v. Pannill
659 S.W.2d 670 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 1983)
Trevino v. Turcotte
564 S.W.2d 682 (Texas Supreme Court, 1978)
Hitt v. Dumitrov
598 S.W.2d 355 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 1980)
Haynes v. Clanton
257 S.W.2d 789 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 1953)
Mulry v. Grimes
280 S.W.2d 350 (Court of Appeals of Texas, 1955)

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Bluebook (online)
704 S.W.2d 426, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/kay-v-sandler-texapp-1985.