COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA
Present: Judges Kelsey, Petty and Senior Judge Bumgardner
KAREN A. DELUCA MEMORANDUM OPINION * v. Record No. 3035-08-4 PER CURIAM JUNE 16, 2009 DENIS KATCHMERIC
FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF FAIRFAX COUNTY Leslie M. Alden, Judge
(Karen A. DeLuca, pro se, on brief).
(Michael A. Ward, on brief), for appellee.
Karen A. DeLuca appeals the trial court’s award of attorney’s fees and sanctions against her.
DeLuca argues that the trial court erred by (1) not issuing a written statement of facts in compliance
with Rule 5A:8(d); (2) not providing details in its written statement of facts in order for this Court to
review its ruling; (3) relying on authority from the Court of Appeals of Virginia in its November 24,
2008 order; (4) violating her due process rights by entering the November 24, 2008 order; (5) not
allowing DeLuca to argue and introduce into evidence a tax court opinion; (6) refusing to hear and
dismissing with prejudice DeLuca’s motions and arguments and enjoining DeLuca from filing
future motions without permission of the court; (7) violating the Eighth Amendment of the United
States Constitution because the provisions in the November 24, 2008 order contained excessive
fines and cruel punishment; (8) violating the First Amendment of the United States Constitution
because DeLuca was denied her right to petition the court with her grievances; (9) showing an
obvious and overwhelming bias in favor of Denis Katchmeric; and (10) failing to follow the Judicial
* Pursuant to Code § 17.1-413, this opinion is not designated for publication. Code of Conduct during the November 24, 2008 hearing. Upon reviewing the record and briefs of
the parties, we conclude that this appeal is without merit. Accordingly, we summarily affirm the
decision of the trial court. See Rule 5A:27.
BACKGROUND
“When reviewing a trial court’s decision on appeal, we view the evidence in the light
most favorable to the prevailing party, granting it the benefit of any reasonable inferences.”
Congdon v. Congdon, 40 Va. App. 255, 258, 578 S.E.2d 833, 834 (2003).
DeLuca and Katchmeric were divorced on June 25, 2004. DeLuca appealed certain rulings
from the final decree to this Court, and we summarily affirmed the trial court and remanded the case
to the trial court for an award of attorney’s fees and costs to Katchmeric. See DeLuca v.
Katchmeric, Record No. 1741-04-4 (Va. Ct. App. May 10, 2005). DeLuca appealed to the Supreme
Court of Virginia, which dismissed her petition for appeal. See DeLuca v. Katchmeric, Record No.
051375 (Va. Sept. 27, 2005).
Due to DeLuca’s noncompliance with the final decree, Katchmeric filed two motions to
compel/motions for finding of contempt and sanctions. On November 19, 2004, the trial court
entered an order granting Katchmeric’s motions. DeLuca appealed the order, and we summarily
affirmed the trial court and remanded the case to the trial court for an award of attorney’s fees and
costs to Katchmeric. See DeLuca v. Katchmeric, Record No. 3021-04-4 (Va. Ct. App. June 14,
2005). DeLuca appealed to the Supreme Court of Virginia, which dismissed her appeal. See
DeLuca v. Katchmeric, Record No. 051693 (Va. Nov. 16, 2005).
Katchmeric filed a motion in the trial court to distribute the proceeds from the sale of real
property. On February 4, 2005, the trial court entered an order of distribution. DeLuca appealed the
order, and we summarily affirmed the trial court and remanded the case to the trial court for an
award of attorney’s fees and costs to Katchmeric. See DeLuca v. Katchmeric, Record No.
-2- 0482-08-4 (Va. Ct. App. Sept. 6, 2005). DeLuca appealed to the Supreme Court of Virginia, which
dismissed her petition for appeal. See DeLuca v. Katchmeric, Record No. 052320 (Va. Feb. 15,
2006).
Katchmeric subsequently sought to have the trial court determine the amount of attorney’s
fees and costs that this Court and the Supreme Court of Virginia awarded him. The trial court held
a hearing on November 24, 2008, and entered an order. The trial court awarded Katchmeric
$11,150.84 in attorney’s fees and costs incurred in defending the appeals. It also sanctioned
DeLuca and ordered her to pay $22,584.76 to Katchmeric. The trial court ordered that the monies it
held in escrow would be paid to Katchmeric for partial satisfaction of the above amounts. The trial
court dismissed with prejudice DeLuca’s motions, and enjoined DeLuca from filing any further
motions in this case or against Katchmeric without permission of the trial court. DeLuca noted her
objections and appealed the order, which is the subject of this appeal.
ANALYSIS
Questions Presented 1 & 2 – Written Statement of Facts
DeLuca argues that the trial court erred in deleting most of her proposed written statement
of facts and in not including a summary of the proceedings before the trial court on November 24,
2008.
An appellant has the responsibility to provide a complete record to the appellate court.
Twardy v. Twardy, 14 Va. App. 651, 658, 419 S.E.2d 848, 852 (1992) (en banc). There is no
transcript of the November 24, 2008 hearing. DeLuca submitted a proposed written statement of
facts to the trial court and Katchmeric. Katchmeric objected to DeLuca’s written statement of facts
because it did not include a summary of proceedings concerning the November 24, 2008 hearing;
instead, Katchmeric argued that it contained DeLuca’s “editorial comments” and descriptions of
incidents that occurred before and after the hearing. The trial court deleted the majority of
-3- DeLuca’s written statement of facts, so that it contained the following: “The hearing began at
10AM on 11/24/08 with Judge Leslie Alden presiding. The trial court entered a final order on
November 24, 2008.” The trial court signed and dated the written statement of facts.
DeLuca had the responsibility to provide an accurate statement of facts, testimony, and other
incidents of the case, not a diatribe filed with commentary and irrelevant recitations. DeLuca failed
to provide such a document. The trial court may “make any corrections [to the written statement of
facts] that [it] deems necessary,” Rule 5A:8(d), but it is not the trial court’s responsibility to write an
accurate statement of facts for an appealing party. Here, the trial court disagreed with DeLuca’s
written statement of facts and corrected it.
A trial court speaks through its written orders. See McMillion v. Dryvit Systems, Inc., 262
Va. 463, 469, 552 S.E.2d 364, 367 (2001); Anonymous B v. Anonymous C, 51 Va. App. 657, 672,
660 S.E.2d 307, 314 (2008).
We find that the written statement of facts and the trial court’s orders are sufficient for us to
review the questions presented.
Questions Presented 3, 5, and 6 – Rule 5A:20(e)
DeLuca argues that the trial court erred by relying on this Court’s authority for its rulings,
not allowing her to introduce an opinion from a tax court into evidence, and dismissing with
prejudice her motions and enjoining her from filing future motions without leave of the court. In
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COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA
Present: Judges Kelsey, Petty and Senior Judge Bumgardner
KAREN A. DELUCA MEMORANDUM OPINION * v. Record No. 3035-08-4 PER CURIAM JUNE 16, 2009 DENIS KATCHMERIC
FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF FAIRFAX COUNTY Leslie M. Alden, Judge
(Karen A. DeLuca, pro se, on brief).
(Michael A. Ward, on brief), for appellee.
Karen A. DeLuca appeals the trial court’s award of attorney’s fees and sanctions against her.
DeLuca argues that the trial court erred by (1) not issuing a written statement of facts in compliance
with Rule 5A:8(d); (2) not providing details in its written statement of facts in order for this Court to
review its ruling; (3) relying on authority from the Court of Appeals of Virginia in its November 24,
2008 order; (4) violating her due process rights by entering the November 24, 2008 order; (5) not
allowing DeLuca to argue and introduce into evidence a tax court opinion; (6) refusing to hear and
dismissing with prejudice DeLuca’s motions and arguments and enjoining DeLuca from filing
future motions without permission of the court; (7) violating the Eighth Amendment of the United
States Constitution because the provisions in the November 24, 2008 order contained excessive
fines and cruel punishment; (8) violating the First Amendment of the United States Constitution
because DeLuca was denied her right to petition the court with her grievances; (9) showing an
obvious and overwhelming bias in favor of Denis Katchmeric; and (10) failing to follow the Judicial
* Pursuant to Code § 17.1-413, this opinion is not designated for publication. Code of Conduct during the November 24, 2008 hearing. Upon reviewing the record and briefs of
the parties, we conclude that this appeal is without merit. Accordingly, we summarily affirm the
decision of the trial court. See Rule 5A:27.
BACKGROUND
“When reviewing a trial court’s decision on appeal, we view the evidence in the light
most favorable to the prevailing party, granting it the benefit of any reasonable inferences.”
Congdon v. Congdon, 40 Va. App. 255, 258, 578 S.E.2d 833, 834 (2003).
DeLuca and Katchmeric were divorced on June 25, 2004. DeLuca appealed certain rulings
from the final decree to this Court, and we summarily affirmed the trial court and remanded the case
to the trial court for an award of attorney’s fees and costs to Katchmeric. See DeLuca v.
Katchmeric, Record No. 1741-04-4 (Va. Ct. App. May 10, 2005). DeLuca appealed to the Supreme
Court of Virginia, which dismissed her petition for appeal. See DeLuca v. Katchmeric, Record No.
051375 (Va. Sept. 27, 2005).
Due to DeLuca’s noncompliance with the final decree, Katchmeric filed two motions to
compel/motions for finding of contempt and sanctions. On November 19, 2004, the trial court
entered an order granting Katchmeric’s motions. DeLuca appealed the order, and we summarily
affirmed the trial court and remanded the case to the trial court for an award of attorney’s fees and
costs to Katchmeric. See DeLuca v. Katchmeric, Record No. 3021-04-4 (Va. Ct. App. June 14,
2005). DeLuca appealed to the Supreme Court of Virginia, which dismissed her appeal. See
DeLuca v. Katchmeric, Record No. 051693 (Va. Nov. 16, 2005).
Katchmeric filed a motion in the trial court to distribute the proceeds from the sale of real
property. On February 4, 2005, the trial court entered an order of distribution. DeLuca appealed the
order, and we summarily affirmed the trial court and remanded the case to the trial court for an
award of attorney’s fees and costs to Katchmeric. See DeLuca v. Katchmeric, Record No.
-2- 0482-08-4 (Va. Ct. App. Sept. 6, 2005). DeLuca appealed to the Supreme Court of Virginia, which
dismissed her petition for appeal. See DeLuca v. Katchmeric, Record No. 052320 (Va. Feb. 15,
2006).
Katchmeric subsequently sought to have the trial court determine the amount of attorney’s
fees and costs that this Court and the Supreme Court of Virginia awarded him. The trial court held
a hearing on November 24, 2008, and entered an order. The trial court awarded Katchmeric
$11,150.84 in attorney’s fees and costs incurred in defending the appeals. It also sanctioned
DeLuca and ordered her to pay $22,584.76 to Katchmeric. The trial court ordered that the monies it
held in escrow would be paid to Katchmeric for partial satisfaction of the above amounts. The trial
court dismissed with prejudice DeLuca’s motions, and enjoined DeLuca from filing any further
motions in this case or against Katchmeric without permission of the trial court. DeLuca noted her
objections and appealed the order, which is the subject of this appeal.
ANALYSIS
Questions Presented 1 & 2 – Written Statement of Facts
DeLuca argues that the trial court erred in deleting most of her proposed written statement
of facts and in not including a summary of the proceedings before the trial court on November 24,
2008.
An appellant has the responsibility to provide a complete record to the appellate court.
Twardy v. Twardy, 14 Va. App. 651, 658, 419 S.E.2d 848, 852 (1992) (en banc). There is no
transcript of the November 24, 2008 hearing. DeLuca submitted a proposed written statement of
facts to the trial court and Katchmeric. Katchmeric objected to DeLuca’s written statement of facts
because it did not include a summary of proceedings concerning the November 24, 2008 hearing;
instead, Katchmeric argued that it contained DeLuca’s “editorial comments” and descriptions of
incidents that occurred before and after the hearing. The trial court deleted the majority of
-3- DeLuca’s written statement of facts, so that it contained the following: “The hearing began at
10AM on 11/24/08 with Judge Leslie Alden presiding. The trial court entered a final order on
November 24, 2008.” The trial court signed and dated the written statement of facts.
DeLuca had the responsibility to provide an accurate statement of facts, testimony, and other
incidents of the case, not a diatribe filed with commentary and irrelevant recitations. DeLuca failed
to provide such a document. The trial court may “make any corrections [to the written statement of
facts] that [it] deems necessary,” Rule 5A:8(d), but it is not the trial court’s responsibility to write an
accurate statement of facts for an appealing party. Here, the trial court disagreed with DeLuca’s
written statement of facts and corrected it.
A trial court speaks through its written orders. See McMillion v. Dryvit Systems, Inc., 262
Va. 463, 469, 552 S.E.2d 364, 367 (2001); Anonymous B v. Anonymous C, 51 Va. App. 657, 672,
660 S.E.2d 307, 314 (2008).
We find that the written statement of facts and the trial court’s orders are sufficient for us to
review the questions presented.
Questions Presented 3, 5, and 6 – Rule 5A:20(e)
DeLuca argues that the trial court erred by relying on this Court’s authority for its rulings,
not allowing her to introduce an opinion from a tax court into evidence, and dismissing with
prejudice her motions and enjoining her from filing future motions without leave of the court. In
her brief, DeLuca failed to provide any legal authority to support her assertions.
Rule 5A:20(e) mandates that appellant’s opening brief include “[t]he principles of law,
the argument, and the authorities relating to each question presented . . . .” DeLuca did not
comply with Rule 5A:20(e) because her opening brief does not contain any principles of law,
argument, or citation to legal authorities or the record to fully develop her arguments regarding
Questions Presented 3, 5, and 6.
-4- DeLuca has the burden of showing that the trial court committed reversible error. See
Lutes v. Alexander, 14 Va. App. 1075, 1077, 421 S.E.2d 857, 859 (1992). Unsupported
assertions of error “do not merit appellate consideration.” Buchanan v. Buchanan, 14 Va. App.
53, 56, 415 S.E.2d 237, 239 (1992). Furthermore, this Court “will not search the record for
errors in order to interpret the appellant’s contention and correct deficiencies in a brief.” Id. Nor
is it this Court’s “function to comb through the record . . . in order to ferret-out for ourselves the
validity of [appellant’s] claims.” Fitzgerald v. Bass, 6 Va. App. 38, 56 n.7, 366 S.E.2d 615, 625
n.7 (1988) (en banc). “Even pro se litigants must comply with the rules of court.” Francis v.
Francis, 30 Va. App. 584, 591, 518 S.E.2d 842, 846 (1999).
We find that DeLuca’s failure to comply with Rule 5A:20(e) is significant, so we will not
consider Questions Presented 3, 5, and 6. See Fadness v. Fadness, 52 Va. App. 833, 851, 667
S.E.2d 857, 866 (2008) (“If the parties believed that the circuit court erred, it was their duty to
present that error to us with legal authority to support their contention.”); Parks v. Parks, 52
Va. App. 663, 664, 666 S.E.2d 547, 548 (2008).
Question Presented 4 – Due Process
DeLuca argues that the trial court violated her due process rights when it entered the
November 24, 2008 order. DeLuca’s argument is based on a hearing held on June 29, 2007 and
an order entered July 6, 2007. She argues that she did not receive sufficient notice of the June
29, 2007 hearing, and, because of the insufficient notice, it affected her rights at the November
24, 2008 hearing. DeLuca does not note this specific objection to the November 24, 2008 order.
“No ruling of the trial court . . . will be considered as a basis for reversal unless the
objection was stated together with the grounds therefor at the time of the ruling, except for good
cause shown or to enable the Court of Appeals to attain the ends of justice.” Rule 5A:18. We
“will not consider an argument on appeal which was not presented to the trial court.” Ohree v.
-5- Commonwealth, 26 Va. App. 299, 308, 494 S.E.2d 484, 488 (1998). “The purpose of Rule
5A:18 is to allow the trial court to correct in the trial court any error that is called to its
attention.” Lee v. Lee, 12 Va. App. 512, 514, 404 S.E.2d 736, 737 (1991) (en banc). There was
no miscarriage of justice in this case, and the ends of justice exception does not apply.
Therefore, we will not consider this question presented.
Questions Presented 7, 8, 9, and 10 – Attorney’s Fees and Sanctions Award
DeLuca argues that the trial court erred in awarding Katchmeric attorney’s fees and
sanctions against her. She contends that the award was excessive and violated the Eighth
Amendment and First Amendment. She also argues that the trial court acted with bias and did
not follow the Judicial Code of Conduct in issuing its order.
“‘[A]n award of attorney’s fees is a matter submitted to the trial court’s sound discretion
and is reviewable on appeal only for an abuse of discretion.’” Richardson v. Richardson, 30
Va. App. 341, 351, 516 S.E.2d 726, 731 (1999) (quoting Graves v. Graves, 4 Va. App. 326, 333,
357 S.E.2d 554, 558 (1987)). “[T]he key to a proper award of counsel fees [is] reasonableness
under all of the circumstances revealed by the record.” McGinnis v. McGinnis, 1 Va. App. 272,
277, 338 S.E.2d 159, 162 (1985).
DeLuca has appealed this matter multiple times. This Court and the Supreme Court of
Virginia have awarded attorney’s fees and costs to Katchmeric for defending DeLuca’s appeals.
The November 24, 2008 order carried out those orders and awarded attorney’s fees and costs to
Katchmeric. It also imposed sanctions against DeLuca for her numerous and frivolous court
filings. We do not find that the trial court abused its discretion, nor does it appear that the trial
court acted improperly in issuing its award.
-6- CONCLUSION
We summarily affirm the ruling of the trial court. Rule 5A:27.
Katchmeric asks this Court to award him attorney’s fees and costs incurred on appeal.
See O’Loughlin v. O’Loughlin, 23 Va. App. 690, 695, 479 S.E.2d 98, 100 (1996). Having
reviewed and considered the entire record in this case, we hold that Katchmeric is entitled to a
reasonable amount of attorney’s fees and costs, and we remand for the trial court to set a
reasonable award of attorney’s fees and costs incurred by Katchmeric in this appeal.
Affirmed and remanded.
-7-