JV-132324 v. Superior Court

890 P.2d 632, 181 Ariz. 337, 184 Ariz. Adv. Rep. 54, 1995 Ariz. App. LEXIS 52
CourtCourt of Appeals of Arizona
DecidedFebruary 23, 1995
Docket1 CA-SA 94-0301, 1 CA-SA 94-0302
StatusPublished
Cited by10 cases

This text of 890 P.2d 632 (JV-132324 v. Superior Court) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Arizona primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
JV-132324 v. Superior Court, 890 P.2d 632, 181 Ariz. 337, 184 Ariz. Adv. Rep. 54, 1995 Ariz. App. LEXIS 52 (Ark. Ct. App. 1995).

Opinion

OPINION

TOCI, Judge.

Two juveniles seek special action relief from a juvenile court commissioner’s denial of their request for a change of commissioner. 1 Each juvenile’s notice of change of commissioner, filed at each juvenile’s first appearance in court at an advisory hearing, was denied by the commissioner as untimely.

Because untimeliness cannot bar the juveniles’ right to a change of commissioner unless they had the opportunity to exercise that right, we are presented with the following issue: when did the juveniles first have the opportunity to exercise their right to a change of commissioner? The answer depends on whether the juvenile court effectively appointed the public defender as counsel for the juveniles as of the day delinquency petitions were filed against them. The juvenile court asserts that it made such an appointment by an administrative order containing a blanket appointment of the public defender to represent all juveniles appearing in delinquency proceedings.

We conclude that the juvenile court’s administrative order containing a blanket appointment of the public defender’s office at the commencement of every delinquency matter is void. Consequently, the juveniles were not represented by counsel and were unable to request a change of commissioner until commencement of the advisory hearings at which they first asserted their right to a change of commissioner. The commissioner, therefore, erred in ruling that the notices of change of commissioner were untimely. We grant special action relief in this matter and confirm the juveniles’ right to a change of the named commissioner.

I. FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

A. Procedure for Appointment of Counsel, Notice of Hearing, and Notice of Assignment of Commissioner

In January of 1991, the Caseflow Management Task Group was created for the Juvenile Division of the Maricopa County Superi- or Court. The Task Group’s purpose was to develop ways of improving court operations. One of the priorities of the Task Group was to hasten the processing of juvenile cases. See Ariz.R.P.Juv.Ct. (“Juvenile Rule”) 6.1(a)(1) (effective March 1,1992). The Task Group concluded that immediate appointment of a lawyer for a juvenile against whom a delinquency petition was filed would alleviate delay in the processing of juvenile cases. Consequently, the Task Group recommended that the presiding judge enter an administrative order providing for automatic blanket appointment of the public defender in all delinquency matters. The appointment was to be effective upon the filing of a petition for delinquency by the county attorney.

In accordance with the Task Group recommendation, Judge James E. McDougall, Presiding Judge for the Superior Court of Mari-copa County, Juvenile Division, issued Administrative Order No. 93-09. That order found that (1) virtually every juvenile delinquency and incorrigibility case results in the appointment of counsel from the public defender’s office and (2) the appointment of the public defender’s office to represent a child upon the filing of the delinquency or incorrigibility petition had been approved by the Maricopa County public defender. On these findings, Judge McDougall ordered “that upon the filing of a Petition for Delinquency or Incorrigibility, the public defender is appointed as counsel of record to represent the *341 juvenile in all delinquency and incorrigibility cases filed on or after August 9, 1993.”

The exact purpose of this “automatic” appointment is subject to dispute. The order itself appears to appoint the public defender, without limitation, as counsel. Indeed, at various times, both the public defender and the county attorney have asserted that the “automatic” appointment gives the public defender full authority to proceed on behalf of the juvenile. 2

At other times, however, both the public defender and the county attorney have asserted that the order merely constitutes an “unofficial” appointment of counsel. They have claimed that the order’s purpose is to allow discovery to the public defender so that the public defender may review police documents to conduct an accelerated conflicts check. The order was only necessary, they have asserted, because the county attorney objected, on grounds of confidentiality, to releasing discovery materials to the public defender prior to appointment. Thus, when it suited their purpose, each has argued that “official” appointment of counsel takes place at the juvenile’s first advisory hearing.

In any event, with the issuance of the administrative order, the juvenile court changed its procedure for calendaring advisory hearings. Under the new procedure, when the county attorney files petitions alleging delinquency or incorrigibility, copies are sent to the public defender’s office, thus triggering the automatic appointment. The juvenile court then assigns such matters to a commissioner for an advisory hearing pursuant to Juvenile Rule 6. This assignment is made electronically, by entering it in an online computer database (“JOLTS”). JOLTS terminals are available in both the county attorney’s office and the public defender’s office, and it is theoretically possible for the public defender to search the data base each day and determine which commissioner has been assigned to a particular advisory hearing. Other than the computer entry, however, no notice is given to the public defender when new assignments are entered in the database, nor is that database available to private counsel.

Under the new procedures, a delayed “Notice to Appear” is sent to the juvenile, the juvenile’s parents, the prosecutor, and the public defender, setting forth the time, date, and place of the advisory hearing. The notice does not, however, set forth the name of the judge or commissioner who will conduct the advisory hearing. In accordance with the Task Group recommendations, the notice is delayed to allow the public defender time to complete a conflicts check. If the public defender reports a conflict, a court administrator assigns the case for appointment of independent counsel.

B. The Juveniles’ Notice of Change of Commissioner

The facts of each of the two juvenile cases are virtually identical. In each case, the county attorney filed a delinquency petition and sent a copy to the public defender. Within a few days, each case was assigned both a commissioner and a hearing date by entry on the JOLTS database. Approximately two weeks before the scheduled hearing, a “Notice to Appear” was issued by the juvenile court, and a hard copy of the notice was sent to the public defender.

The scheduled advisory hearings were held approximately one month after the county attorney filed the petitions for delinquency. Moments before each hearing began, the public defender filed a “Notice of Change of Commissioner” with the court. As each advisory hearing began, the commissioner entered an order on the record that the public defender was appointed as counsel. Immediately following that “appointment,” the court considered the public defender’s request for a change of commissioner, referring to the notice that had just been filed.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
890 P.2d 632, 181 Ariz. 337, 184 Ariz. Adv. Rep. 54, 1995 Ariz. App. LEXIS 52, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/jv-132324-v-superior-court-arizctapp-1995.