Juvenile Officer v. V.F.

849 S.W.2d 608, 1993 Mo. App. LEXIS 311
CourtMissouri Court of Appeals
DecidedMarch 2, 1993
DocketNos. WD 46042, WD 46069
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 849 S.W.2d 608 (Juvenile Officer v. V.F.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Missouri Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Juvenile Officer v. V.F., 849 S.W.2d 608, 1993 Mo. App. LEXIS 311 (Mo. Ct. App. 1993).

Opinion

FENNER, Judge.

Appellants, Y.F. (mother) and D.F., Sr. (father), appeal from the judgments entered by the Juvenile Division of the Circuit Court of Jackson County on February 4, 19921 terminating their parental rights over S.J., born July 20,1978, D.F., Jr., born August 2, 1980, M.F., born April 25, 1982, and R.F., born June 9, 1983.2

M.F. and D.F., Jr. were removed from the custody of their parents and detained in the custody of the Missouri Division of Family Services (DFS) on February 26, 1988, pursuant to suspicions of abuse. S.J. and R.F. were removed on March 3, 1988 and also were detained in the custody of DFS. The four children were taken under the jurisdiction of the juvenile court pursuant to petitions filed under section 211.031, RSMo Supp.1992,3 on March 2nd and 7th of 1988 which alleged, in part, that the children were without proper care, custody, and support in that on or about February 23, 1988, M.F. sustained multiple bruises and similar injuries on his face, back, buttocks, and legs, which injuries were inflicted by his father, D.F., Sr. when he repeatedly struck M.F. with a stick. The petitions alleged further that the children were at substantial risk of abuse if left in the home. On April 13, 1988, the juvenile court sustained the allegations in the petitions after hearing testimony and other evidence, and committed the children to the custody of DFS for placement in foster care.

Petitions for termination of parental rights were filed on behalf of S.J., D.F., Jr., M.F., and R.F. A consolidated termination of parental rights hearing held on February 21, 1991 ended in a mistrial based on the appellants’ decision to obtain a divorce. The trial resulting in the termination of appellants’ parental rights took place on January 21, 22, and 24, 1992.

During the time between April 13, 1988 and the trial in January of 1992, numerous evaluations were conducted of the four children and appellants. Counselors, therapists, and social workers performed psychological evaluations as well as individual and group counseling on the children. The rec[610]*610ord reflects that appellants did not comply with services offered by DFS and that, if they did attend counseling, it was on a sporadic basis.

Testimony adduced at trial revealed that S.J., M.F., and D.F., Jr. had been subjected to acts of sexual abuse by D.F., Sr. It further revealed that the siblings had been subjected to repeated acts of physical abuse, including being beaten with a wooden board. Based on the testimony and other evidence adduced at trial, the trial court found that the children had been subjected to deliberate acts of physical, emotional, and sexual abuse which the parents knew or should have known subjected the children to a substantial risk of physical or emotional harm. The court further found that the parents failed to participate meaningfully in counselling, failed to address the dysfunctional family problems, failed to maintain contact with the children, and failed to contribute any financial support to the children since they were taken into protective custody.

The trial court found by clear, cogent, and convincing evidence that the termination of all parental rights of appellants over S.J., D.F., Jr., M.F., and R.F. would be in the children’s best interests.

I.

Appellant, D.F., Sr., argues first on appeal that the trial court erred by admitting into evidence testimony from therapists, counselors, psychiatrists, and other witnesses concerning the abuse of the children where there was a doctor-patient privilege and that privilege was not waived. D.F., Sr. argues, in the alternative, that the statute relied upon by the trial court, section 211.459.4, is unconstitutional.4

Section 211.459.4 provides that “[n]o legally recognized privileged communication, except that between priest, minister, or rabbi and parishioner, and attorney client, shall constitute grounds for excluding evidence at any proceeding for the termination of parental rights.”

Section 210.140 provides:

Any legally recognized privileged communication, except that between attorney and client, shall not apply to situations involving known or suspected child abuse or neglect and shall not constitute grounds for failure to report as required or permitted by sections 210.110 to 210.-165, to cooperate with the division in any of its activities pursuant to sections 210.-110 to 210.165, or to give or accept evidence in any judicial proceeding relating to child abuse or neglect.

The above statutory provisions illustrate the Missouri legislature’s purpose of allowing in all pertinent evidence where a proceeding involves allegations of child abuse or neglect, even though the evidence is otherwise protected by a recognized privilege. As the court stated in Roth v. Roth, 793 S.W.2d 590, 592 (Mo.App.1990):

In keeping with the Supreme Court’s broad interpretation of the statute we find § 210.140 prevents a party from invoking the physician-patient privilege in any custody proceedings involving known or suspected child abuse or neglect. The trial court has an affirmative duty in ascertaining the best interests of the child. In order to make a sound and prudent judgment, the judge should be able to have at his/her disposal all available pertinent evidence in determining child custody. The legislature has given to the courts the tools to deal with this pervasive issue of child abuse and neglect and the trial courts should use them.

While the Roth case happens to deal with a child custody proceeding, the statute clearly applies to “any judicial proceeding relating to child abuse or neglect.” Furthermore, section 211.459.4 specifically provides that the doctor-patient privilege is not grounds for excluding evidence at a termination of parental rights proceeding. Thus, section 211.459.4, section 210.140, and the Roth court’s interpretation of the latter section’s language clearly indicate that the doctor-patient privilege is not [611]*611grounds for excluding the evidence at issue here.

The testimony of the therapists, counselors, psychiatrists, and other witnesses who evaluated the children and appellants, which revealed repeated acts of sexual, physical, and emotional abuse upon the children, was critical to determining the children’s best interests and whether termination of parental rights was necessary. The trial court did not err in admitting this testimony into evidence.

Appellant’s argument that section 211.459.4 is unconstitutional is without merit. Appellant essentially argues that it is unconstitutional to suspend the right to have the privileged communication excluded in termination of parental rights cases because this violates a litigant’s due process rights.

Appellant cites to Santosky v. Kramer, 455 U.S. 745, 754, 102 S.Ct. 1388, 1395, 71 L.Ed.2d 599 (1982), for the proposition that the due process rights of a parent in a termination of parental rights trial stem from a balancing of the private interest affected by the proceeding, the governmental interest which supports the use of the challenged procedure, and the risk of error created by the procedure.

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Related

State v. Joseph P.
546 N.W.2d 494 (Court of Appeals of Wisconsin, 1996)
In Interest of SJ
849 S.W.2d 608 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 1993)

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Bluebook (online)
849 S.W.2d 608, 1993 Mo. App. LEXIS 311, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/juvenile-officer-v-vf-moctapp-1993.