Juneau v. Laborde

70 So. 2d 451, 224 La. 672, 1953 La. LEXIS 1464
CourtSupreme Court of Louisiana
DecidedNovember 9, 1953
DocketNo. 41215
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 70 So. 2d 451 (Juneau v. Laborde) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Louisiana primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Juneau v. Laborde, 70 So. 2d 451, 224 La. 672, 1953 La. LEXIS 1464 (La. 1953).

Opinion

LE BLANC, Justice.

This case was once before this Court at which time one of the principal issues was decided and it was remanded to the district court for further proceedings. See Juneau v. Laborde, 219 La. 921, 54 So.2d 325.

The main issues and part of the facts are stated in the original opinion. It is therein indicated that the suit is one in which certain heirs of a deceased mother seek to recover the undivided interest they claim in a tract of land in Avoyelles Parish which had been sold by their father after their mother’s death without regard to it having been community property. It is necessary now that the issues be further stated.

The defendant in suit, present title holder, resisted the demand claiming a good title and especially a prescriptive one under Article 3478 of the LSA-Civil Code. He then .called his vendor, the present title holder, in warranty under his deed of purchase and asked in the alternative, that in the event he be cast in judgment that he recover judgment in turn against his said warrantor for the amount of the purchase price of the property, the value of the improvements erected by him together with the increased value of the land produced by his labor and the costs occasioned by this suit including attorney’s fees he had obligated himself to pay.

The warrantor answered, adopting all the defenses presented by the defendant and he set out the additional defense that the purported sale of the property to him was never in fact a sale but merely a retrocession of the property in consideration of the release and cán'cellation of the mortgage and the mortgage notes he held against it. He further urged that after the retrocession he took possession of the property, paid the taxes, rented it and collected the rent during all of which time he was never molested nor were any claims or interests ever made by the plaintiffs to or in it. He lastly avers that in the event defendant be cast in judgment, then in the alternative, plaintiffs should be cast for the value of the useful improvements made by the defendant.

On the original hearing, the judgment of the district court which had only decreed the plaintiffs to be the owners of an undivided 6%toth (an undivided thirteen one hundred and fortieth, each,) interest in and [678]*678to the property, was affirmed to that extent. However, after holding that part of the judgment to be correct, the opinion states further:

“But it fails to determine an issue among all of the parties respecting the improvements placed on the land by the defendant, and also it does not satisfactorily adjudicate on the extent of warrantor’s liability to defendant. We are unable to make a determination of these several disputes, because of the insufficiency of the evidence in the record, and for that purpose the case will have to be remanded to the district court for further proceedings.” [219 La. 921, 54 So.2d 329.]

This statement is followed by the decree which includes the order to remand the case “to the district court for further proceedings according to law and consistent with the views herein expressed.”

■Notwithstanding the fact that the, case was ordered remanded for the reason of the insufficiency of evidence on which to determine the issues mentioned, the parties, on the remand, entered into a joint motion stipulating that it “would be a useless formality” to reset “the case for trial or for further evidence inasmuch as there is sufficient evidence in the record to adjudicate all matters still in controversy” and accordingly the case was submitted to the court on the evidence already presented.

Judgment was then rendered decreeing plaintiffs and defendant to be co-owners of the property, “with all buildings and improvements thereon” and awarding judgment in favor of defendant against his warrantor in the sum of $3018 representing °%4oth of .the cost of useful improvements placed by defendant on the property, plus $557.14 representing e%4oth of the original purchase price and the additional sum of $200 as expenses incurred by defendant in the preservation and maintenance of the property during his occupancy. The judgment further denied the demand for rescission of the sale and also that for taxes.

Both the defendant and the warrantor appealed from the judgment rendered, the former devolutively and the latter suspensively and in the alternative, devolutively. The plaintiffs did not appeal.

Evidently the parties were unable to produce any more evidence as directed by the order of remand and so we will have to dispose of the issues still remaining undecided on the record as presented.

The principal, if not the only contention of the warrantor made on appeal is that the judgment did not allow him the full amount of the value of the useful improvements placed by him on the property; that the only proof of their value in the record is that found in the uncontradicted testimony of the defendant and the award made is $582 less than what that testimony shows. By his appeal the warrantor seeks [680]*680to have the plaintiffs, rather than hé, cast in judgment for the value of the improvements as they have been decreed the owners thereof, his contention being that they will be unjustly enriched if allowed to receive these improvements without paying for same. He also renews his demand for the unpaid purchase price which was owed by the father of the plaintiffs at the time he returned the property and also his demand for the taxes paid by him. The only fault the plaintiffs find with the judgement is that it does not give them the .right of election as owners of the land with respect to works made by third parties not in good faith, as provided for in Art. 508, LSA-Civil Code.

There is no question as to the warrantor’s, liability to the defendant for the price of the fractional interest in the land from which the latter has been evicted. LSA-C.C. Art. 2506. There are also- other rights to which the evicted buyer is entitled as pointed out in the same article such for instance as to claim costs occasioned by the suit and others. Also under Art. 2509, LSA-C.C. “the seller is bound to reimburse, or cause to be reimbursed, to the buyer, by the person who evicts him, all useful improvements made by him on the premises.”

Ordinarily it would seem that before the buyer’s rights under this last mentioned article can be determined, the rights •of the plaintiffs to exercise their election with regard to the improvements given by Art. 508, LSA-C.C. would have to be considered. That, we understand to be the contention of the plaintiffs but is one which they cannot raise for the reason that they did not appeal from the judgment rendered below nor did they answer .the appeals taken by the other parties. As to them the judgment is .now final and must be construed as an election on their part, to take the improvements at the cost of materials, etc. In the case of Snider v. Smith, Manning's Unrep.Cas., 262, it is stated:

“Where a defendant in a petitory action is a holder in bad faith, the plaintiff can elect whether to take the buildings at the cost of materials, etc., or require the defendant to remove them, but the election ought to be made before final judgment. The omission of the plaintiff to have the judgment modified, it being for a fixed sum to be paid for the buildings, concludes him, and is to be construed as an election to take them.”

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Related

Crain v. Crain
206 So. 2d 521 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 1968)
Alexander v. Bates
206 So. 2d 763 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 1968)
Bordelon v. Bordelon
180 So. 2d 855 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 1965)
Juneau v. Laborde
82 So. 2d 693 (Supreme Court of Louisiana, 1955)

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Bluebook (online)
70 So. 2d 451, 224 La. 672, 1953 La. LEXIS 1464, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/juneau-v-laborde-la-1953.