Judge Dev. Corp. & SW Corner, LLC

CourtVermont Superior Court
DecidedAugust 7, 2006
Docket189-09-05 Vtec
StatusPublished

This text of Judge Dev. Corp. & SW Corner, LLC (Judge Dev. Corp. & SW Corner, LLC) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Vermont Superior Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Judge Dev. Corp. & SW Corner, LLC, (Vt. Ct. App. 2006).

Opinion

STATE OF VERMONT

ENVIRONMENTAL COURT

} In re: } Judge Development Corp. and SW Corner, LLC } Docket No. 189‐9‐05 Vtec Act 250 Permit Amendment Application } }

Decision and Order on Cross‐Motions for Summary Judgment

Appellant‐Applicants (Appellants) Judge Development Corp. and SW Corner, LLC,

appealed from a decision of the District 4 Environmental Commission denying Appellants’

application for an Act 250 permit amendment to move the so‐called Blair House from the

corner of U.S. Route 2 and Vermont Route 2A to a location on the same lot but farther to

the west on Route 2A. Appellants are represented by Erik M. Knudsen, Esq. and Erin

Miller Heins, Esq.; the Vermont Division for Historic Preservation (the Division) of the

Agency of Commerce and Community Development, Department of Housing and

Community Affairs, is represented by Julie Kelliher, Esq. and John Kessler, Esq.; the Town

of Williston is represented by Paul S. Gillies, Esq. and Daniel Richardson, Esq.; and the

Land Use Panel of the Vermont Natural Resources Board has intervened and is represented

by John H. Hasen, Esq.

Appellants, the Town and the Division for Historic Preservation have each moved

for summary judgment. The Land Use Panel of the Natural Resources Board filed a

memorandum of law limited to the interpretation and application of Environmental Board

Rule 34(E). The following facts are undisputed unless otherwise noted.

The Blair House, a mid‐19th century historic building also known as the Calvin

Morse Tavern, is located on the southwesterly corner of the intersection of U.S. Route 2

1 (Williston Road) and Vermont Route 2A, also known as the Taft Corners1 intersection. Taft

Corners was an important crossroads2 in Williston on the stagecoach route linking

Burlington with Montpelier. The 1976 structure survey form for the Blair House conducted

by the Division for Historic Preservation states some uncertainty as to whether the Blair

House 1845 structure itself was the original tavern or whether it is merely located on the

site of the original tavern, but in any event describes it as “an important visual anchor for

Tafts Corners.” It was used as a tavern, an inn and stagecoach stop.

Because of its historical significance, the Blair House was listed3 on the State Register

of Historic Sites and Structures by 1985; and was then considered by the state Advisory

Council on Historic Preservation to be eligible for inclusion on the National Register of

Historic Places. In its review regarding the National Register, the Advisory Council chair

noted that “the building acts as a gateway to the Burlington area and that it is important

as a remnant of the heavily‐edited rural crossroads environment of Tafts Corners,”and that

it “identifies the historic intersection and is the last identifiable historic link” at that

intersection.

Both Route 2 and Route 2A have been widened to four lanes to the west and the

south of the intersection, in connection with the commercial development of the Taft

1 The intersection also is referred to as Tafts Corners. 2 The application letter submitted for the present application states “as an aside” that the current single intersection “has been modified from two intersections.” In the conference scheduled as a result of this decision, the parties should be prepared to discuss the historic configuration of Taft Corners and the extent to which any changes in its configuration over time may or may not have a bearing on this application. 3 Material facts are in dispute, or at least have not been provided to the Court, regarding the Advisory Council’s action listing the building on the Vermont Register. It appears from later references by the Division that it was not listed due to its “setting,” which had already been compromised, but due to its “location” at the Taft Corners intersection.

2 Corners area since the building was first surveyed. The traveled way of Route 2 occupies

all of the width of the right‐of‐way at the intersection, as a right‐turn‐only lane has been

added to Route 2 eastbound in front of the Blair House.

As now developed, a gasoline station is located on the northwest corner of the Taft

Corners intersection, a small shopping center is located on the northeast corner of the

intersection, and a franchise restaurant is located on the southeast corner. Two now‐

existing buildings4 are located on the same lot as and southwesterly of the Blair House

building; the extensive parking lot for these buildings also provides parking for the Blair

House.

The Blair House is visible to traffic traveling in both directions from the roadway of

Route 2, and approaching it from the north on Route 2A. However, the large deciduous

trees that have grown up around it to its east and southeast block its visibility approaching

it on Route 2A from the south, especially when leaves are on the trees. Its visibility to

motorists and pedestrians using the Taft Corners area is relevant to the degree to which it

may continue to help define and convey cultural or historical meaning about the

intersection to the public; material facts are in dispute as to this issue.

In July of 1985, Appellants’ predecessors‐in‐interest applied for an Act 250 land use

permit amendment to relocate the Blair House and its outbuildings to Lot 5 of the Blair

Park development. The purpose of that amendment may have been to allow a

4 The parties have not described the size or use of the two “existing buildings” shown on the partial site plan provided in reduced format with the application, nor have they shown the access to the former or proposed Blair House locations from Route 2 or Route 2A. A site plan attached to a 1999 proposal by the Vermont Agency of Transportation for improvements at the intersection showed that, at least in 1999, Lot 29 contained a single commercial or office building, labeled as “Interstate Corporate Center” with a curb cut from Route 2A close to the lot’s southerly boundary and apparently shared with the adjacent Howard Bank lot, and another curb cut from Route 2.

3 simultaneous or later application5 for construction of the two buildings now on Lot 29.

Materials have not been provided to the Court to show what the then‐existing conditions

were on Lot 29 or on the roadways at the intersection. The 1985 application to move the

Blair House from Lot 29 to Lot 5 (then proposed to be developed as a residential lot) has

not been provided to the Court.

On August 9, 1985, the participants in that Act 250 proceeding, including the

Division for Historic Preservation, entered into an agreement (the 1985 Stipulation)

allowing the applicants to move all of the outbuildings associated with the Blair House to

Lot 5, which was proposed for a residential use. Condition 8 of the 1985 Stipulation

required them to “preserve and maintain and rehabilitate” the main Blair House structure

“according to generally accepted preservation standards as approved by the Division of

Historic Preservation, State of Vermont.” Conditions 1 and 2 of the Stipulation recognized

that the Blair House was listed on the Vermont Register, that it was eligible for inclusion

on the National Register, and that “the goal of the Vermont Division [for] Historic

Preservation is to preserve intact and in place the main block (approximately 32N x 40N) of

the Blair House with all its historic features . . . .“ The stipulation allowed the removal of

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Related

In Re Stowe Club Highlands
687 A.2d 102 (Supreme Court of Vermont, 1996)

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