Juan Emilio Ruiz De Jesus v. Christopher LaROSE, et al.

• Court: District Court, S.D. California
• Decided: December 23, 2025
• Docket: 3:25-cv-03700
• Status: Unknown

Opinion

1 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 2 SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 3 Juan Emilio RUIZ DE JESUS, Case No.: 25-cv-3700-AGS-BLM 4 Petitioner, ORDER REQUIRING RESPONSE AND DENYING MOTION FOR 5 v. ORDER TO SHOW CAUSE (ECF 2) 6 Christopher LaROSE, et al., 7 Respondents. 8 9 Petitioner Juan Ruiz De Jesus seeks a writ of habeas corpus under 28 U.S.C. § 2241 10 challenging his immigration detention. At this stage, he need only make out a claim that is 11 sufficiently cognizable to warrant a response. See Rules Governing Section 2254 Cases in 12 the United States District Courts, Rule 4 (authorizing summary dismissal “if it plainly 13 appears from the petition and any attached exhibits that the petitioner is not entitled to 14 relief”); id., Rule 1(b) (permitting application of Rules Governing Section 2254 Cases to 15 any “habeas corpus petition”). In this context, the relevant federal rules permit “summary 16 dismissal of claims that are clearly not cognizable.” Neiss v. Bludworth, 114 F.4th 1038, 17 1045 (9th Cir. 2024) (cleaned up). But “as long as a petition has any potential merit, it is 18 not so frivolous or incredible as to justify summary dismissal[.]” Id. 19 In December 1998, Ruiz De Jesus, “a citizen of Mexico,” “entered the United States 20 without inspection.” (ECF 1, at 2.) More recently, he was placed “in immigration 21 detention” where he has been “since September 2025.” (Id. at 6.) He is purportedly detained 22 under “8 U.S.C. § 1225(b)(2)(A),” but he asserts that section “does not apply to individuals 23 like Petitioner who previously entered and are now residing in the United States.” (Id. at 24 3.) “Instead, such individuals are subject to a different statute, § 1226(a), that allows for 25 release on conditional parole or bond.” (Id.) Ruiz De Jesus challenges his continued 26 detention without a bond hearing as “plainly contrary to the statutory framework” and notes 27 that another district court has provided class-wide declaratory relief on the basis that ICE’s 28 current interpretation of § 1225(b)(2)(A) is “unlawful.” (Id. at 4 (citing Maldonado 1 || Bautista v. Santacruz, No. 5:25-cv-01873-SSS-BFM, 2025 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 231977, at *4 2 ||(C.D. Cal. Nov. 25, 2025)). 3 This challenge has sufficient potential merit to warrant a response. Aside from 4 || Maldonado Bautista itself, functionally identical cases across the country have been found 5 ||to have a “likelihood of success on the merits” or have resulted in the writ being issued. 6 || See, e.g., Barco Mercado vy. Francis, __ F. Supp. 3d. __, No. 25-cv-6582 (LAK), 2025 7 || WL 3295903, at *4 (S.D.N.Y. Nov. 26, 2025) (noting that, in “350” of the “362” opinions 8 ||to address this issue, the petitioners “have prevailed, either on a preliminary or final basis,” 9 ||and these cases were “decided by over 160 different judges sitting in about fifty different 10 courts”); Mosqueda v. Noem, No. 5:25-cv-02304 CAS (BFM), 2025 WL 2591530, at *5 11 }|(C.D. Cal. Sept. 8, 2025) (“[P]etitioners are likely to succeed on the merits of their claims 12 because section 1226(a), not section 1225(b)(2), likely governs their detention.”); Vazquez 13 ||v. Feeley, No. 2:25-cv-01542-RFB-EJY, 2025 WL 2676082, at *11 (D. Nev. Sept. 17, 14 2025) (same); Rodriguez v. Bostock, No. 3:25-cv-05240-TMC, 2025 WL 2782499, at *1 15 ||(W.D. Wash. Sept. 30, 2025) (“[T]he government’s position belies the statutory text of the 16 INA, canons of statutory interpretation, legislative history, and longstanding agency 17 || practice.”). 18 By December 30, 2025, respondent must answer the petition. Any reply by 19 || petitioner must be filed by January 9, 2026. The Court will hold oral arguments on the 20 || petition on January 15, 2026, at 4:00 p.m. In light of the response schedule, Ruiz De 21 || Jesus’s motion for an order to show cause (ECF 2) is denied as moot. 22 ||Dated: December 23, 2025

4 Hon. rew G. Schopler United States District Judge 25 26 27 28