Joseph Carl Owens v. Truckstops of America, Truckstops of America, Inc. and B.P. America, Inc. v. B Michael Design, Inc. and Vitro Products, Inc.

Tennessee Supreme Court·Decided January 29, 1996·No. 01S01-9408-CV-00077·Published

Opinion

J a n u a r y 2 9 , 1 9 9 6 F O R P U B L I C A T I O N

I N T H E S U P R E M E C O U R T O F T E N N E S S E E

A T N A S H V I L L E

J O S E P H C A R L O W E N S , ( FILED

( January 29, P l a i n t i f f / A p p e l l a n t , ( 1996 (

v . ( Cecil Crowson, Jr.

( Appellate Court Clerk T R U C K S T O P S O F A M E R I C A , ( T R U C K S T O P S O F A M E R I C A , I N C . , ( A N D B . P . A M E R I C A , I N C . , ( D a v i d s o n C i r c u i t (

D e f e n d a n t s / T h i r d - P a r t y ( H o n . M a r i e t t a M . S h i p l e y , P l a i n t i f f s / A p p e l l e e s , ( J u d g e ( ( N o . 0 l S 0 l - 9 4 0 8 - C V - 0 0 0 7 7 v . ( (

B . M I C H A E L D E S I G N , I N C . , A N D ( V I T R O P R O D U C T S , I N C . , ( (

T h i r d - P a r t y D e f e n d a n t s / ( A p p e l l e e s . (

F o r P l a i n t i f f / A p p e l l a n t : F o r D e f e n d a n t s / T h i r d - P a r t y P l a i n t i f f s / A p p e l l e e s :

S t e v e N o r t h M a r k N o r t h B a r r y L . H o w a r d N a s h v i l l e M i c h a e l H . J o h n s o n G r a c e y , R u t h , H o w a r d , T a t e & S o w e l l

N a s h v i l l e

F o r T h i r d - P a r t y D e f e n d a n t s / A p p e l l e e s :

M a r t i n D . H o l m e s S t e w a r t , E s t e s & D o n n e l l N a s h v i l l e

J o h n M . B r y a n t , J r . W . B r y a n B r o o k s

B r e w e r , K r a u s e & B r o o k s N a s h v i l l e

OPINION

J U D G M E N T O F C O U R T O F A P P E A L S M O D I F I E D A N D C A S E R E M A N D E D T O T R I A L C O U R T . R E I D , J .

T h i s i n t e r l o c u t o r y a p p e a l p r e s e n t s f o r

d e t e r m i n a t i o n t h e p r i n c i p l e s o f c o m p a r a t i v e f a u l t a p p l i c a b l e

t o t h e a s s e s s m e n t o f l i a b i l i t y a m o n g j o i n t t o r t f e a s o r s a n d

t h e a p p l i c a t i o n o f t h o s e p r i n c i p l e s t o t h i s t r a n s i t i o n a l

c a s e , i n w h i c h t h e c a u s e o f a c t i o n a c c r u e d p r i o r t o t h e

d e c i s i o n i n M c I n t y r e v . B a l e n t i n e , 8 3 3 S . W . 2 d 5 2 ( T e n n .

1 9 9 2 ) . T h e d e c i s i o n o f t h e C o u r t o f A p p e a l s i s m o d i f i e d a n d

t h e c a s e i s r e m a n d e d t o t h e t r i a l c o u r t .

P l e a d i n g s

I n t h e o r i g i n a l c o m p l a i n t , t h e p l a i n t i f f , J o s e p h

C a r l O w e n s , s u e d T r u c k s t o p s o f A m e r i c a , I n c . a n d B . P .

1

A m e r i c a , I n c . ( " T r u c k s t o p s " ) f o r d a m a g e s f o r p e r s o n a l

i n j u r i e s . T h e c o m p l a i n t a l l e g e s t h a t t h e p l a i n t i f f s u s t a i n e d

p e r s o n a l i n j u r i e s o n S e p t e m b e r 1 4 , 1 9 8 7 , w h e n a s t o o l

o c c u p i e d b y h i m i n a r e s t a u r a n t o w n e d a n d o p e r a t e d b y

T r u c k s t o p s b r o k e , c a u s i n g t h e p l a i n t i f f t o f a l l t o t h e f l o o r .

T h e c o m p l a i n t , w h i c h w a s f i l e d o n S e p t e m b e r 1 4 , l 9 8 8 , t h e

1

T h e p l a i n t i f f a l s o n a m e s " T r u c k s t o p s o f A m e r i c a " a s a d e f e n d a n t ; h o w e v e r , t h e d e f e n d a n t s d e n y t h a t t h e r e i s a n e n t i t y k n o w n b y t h a t n a m e .

l a s t d a y p e r m i t t e d b y t h e s t a t u t e o f l i m i t a t i o n s , c h a r g e s

t h a t T r u c k s t o p s w a s n e g l i g e n t i n t h a t i t f a i l e d t o m a i n t a i n

t h e s t o o l i n a s a f e c o n d i t i o n a n d i t f a i l e d t o w a r n t h e

p l a i n t i f f o f t h e d a n g e r o f u s i n g t h e s t o o l .

T r u c k s t o p s r e s p o n d e d t o t h e c o m p l a i n t w i t h a

g e n e r a l d e n i a l o f n e g l i g e n c e a n d c a u s a t i o n a n d t h e

" a f f i r m a t i v e d e f e n s e " t h a t t h e p r o x i m a t e c a u s e o f a n y i n j u r y

s u s t a i n e d b y t h e p l a i n t i f f w a s t h e a c t s o f u n i d e n t i f i e d t h i r d

p a r t i e s f o r w h i c h T r u c k s t o p s w a s n o t l i a b l e .

O n A u g u s t 2 , l 9 8 9 , T r u c k s t o p s m o v e d t h e c o u r t t h a t

i t b e a l l o w e d t o f i l e a t h i r d - p a r t y c o m p l a i n t a g a i n s t V i t r o

P r o d u c t s , I n c . ( " V i t r o " ) , w h i c h d e s i g n e d a n d m a n u f a c t u r e d t h e

s t o o l , a n d B . M i c h a e l D e s i g n , I n c . ( " M i c h a e l " ) , w h i c h s o l d

2

t h e s t o o l t o T r u c k s t o p s . B a s e d o n a l l e g a t i o n s o f

n e g l i g e n c e , s t r i c t l i a b i l i t y i n t o r t , a n d b r e a c h o f i m p l i e d

w a r r a n t y o f m e r c h a n t a b i l i t y , T r u c k s t o p s a s s e r t s i n t h e t h i r d -

p a r t y c o m p l a i n t t h a t i t i s e n t i t l e d t o i n d e m n i t y f r o m V i t r o

a n d M i c h a e l f o r a n y j u d g m e n t t h a t m a y b e r e n d e r e d a g a i n s t

T r u c k s t o p s a n d , a l t e r n a t i v e l y , i t i s e n t i t l e d t o p r o r a t a

c o n t r i b u t i o n b y V i t r o a n d M i c h a e l , p u r s u a n t t o t h e U n i f o r m

3

C o n t r i b u t i o n A m o n g T o r t - F e a s o r s A c t . T h e m o t i o n w a s a l l o w e d

2

S e e T e n n . R . C i v . P . 1 4 . 0 1 .

3

T e n n . C o d e A n n . § § 2 9 - 1 1 - 1 0 1 t o 2 9 - 1 1 - 1 0 6 ( 1 9 8 0 ) .

o n A u g u s t 2 3 , 1 9 8 9 .

T h i s w a s t h e s t a t u s o f t h e p l e a d i n g s o n M a y 4 ,

1 9 9 2 , t h e d a t e o n w h i c h t h e d e c i s i o n o f t h i s C o u r t i n

M c I n t y r e v . B a l e n t i n e , 8 3 3 S . W . 2 d 5 2 ( T e n n . 1 9 9 2 ) , w a s

r e l e a s e d .

O n D e c e m b e r 2 3 , 1 9 9 2 , m o r e t h a n t h r e e y e a r s a f t e r

T r u c k s t o p s h a d f i l e d i t s t h i r d - p a r t y c o m p l a i n t , V i t r o f i l e d a

m o t i o n t o d i s m i s s t h e t h i r d - p a r t y c o m p l a i n t o n t h e g r o u n d

t h a t t h e r i g h t s o f i n d e m n i t y a n d c o n t r i b u t i o n a m o n g

4

t o r t f e a s o r s w e r e a b o l i s h e d b y t h e d e c i s i o n i n M c I n t y r e .

O n J u n e 2 , 1 9 9 3 , T r u c k s t o p s m o v e d t h a t i t s a n s w e r

b e a m e n d e d t o a s s e r t t h a t V i t r o a n d M i c h a e l m a y h a v e c a u s e d

o r c o n t r i b u t e d t o t h e p l a i n t i f f ' s a l l e g e d i n j u r i e s a n d

r e s u l t i n g d a m a g e s .

T h e p l a i n t i f f t h e n , o n J u n e 4 , l 9 9 3 , r e l y i n g u p o n

5

T e n n . C o d e A n n . § 2 0 - 1 - 1 1 9 ( 1 9 9 4 ) , w h i c h w a s e n a c t e d b y t h e

4

M c I n t y r e d i d n o t d i s c u s s r i g h t s t o i n d e m n i t y .

5

C o m p a r a t i v e f a u l t - - J o i n d e r o f t h i r d p a r t y d e f e n d a n t s . - -

( a ) I n c i v i l a c t i o n s w h e r e c o m p a r a t i v e f a u l t i s o r b e c o m e s a n i s s u e , i f a d e f e n d a n t n a m e d i n a n o r i g i n a l c o m p l a i n t i n i t i a t i n g a s u i t f i l e d w i t h i n t h e a p p l i c a b l e s t a t u t e o f l i m i t a t i o n s , o r n a m e d i n a n a m e n d e d c o m p l a i n t f i l e d w i t h i n t h e a p p l i c a b l e s t a t u t e o f l i m i t a t i o n s , a l l e g e s i n a n a n s w e r o r a m e n d e d a n s w e r t o t h e o r i g i n a l o r a m e n d e d c o m p l a i n t t h a t a p e r s o n n o t a p a r t y t o t h e s u i t c a u s e d o r c o n t r i b u t e d t o t h e

l e g i s l a t u r e o n M a y 1 3 , 1 9 9 3 , o n e y e a r a f t e r t h e d e c i s i o n i n

M c I n t y r e , f i l e d a m o t i o n t o a m e n d h i s c o m p l a i n t t o a d d V i t r o

a n d M i c h a e l a s d e f e n d a n t s t o t h e o r i g i n a l s u i t . T h e a m e n d e d

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Joseph Carl Owens v. Truckstops of America, Truckstops of America, Inc. and B.P. America, Inc. v. B Michael Design, Inc. and Vitro Products, Inc., (Tenn. 1996).

Joseph Carl Owens v. Truckstops of America, Truckstops of America, Inc. and B.P. America, Inc. v. B Michael Design, Inc. and Vitro Products, Inc. (Joseph Carl Owens v. Truckstops of America, Truckstops of America, Inc. and B.P. America, Inc. v. B Michael Design, Inc. and Vitro Products, Inc.) — published by Counsel Stack Legal Research, free access to 12M+ legal documents.