AFFIRM; and Opinion Filed April 7, 2014.
S In The Court of Appeals Fifth District of Texas at Dallas No. 05-12-01628-CR
JOSE CUTBERTO VALLE, Appellant V. THE STATE OF TEXAS, Appellee
On Appeal from the Criminal District Court No. 3 Dallas County, Texas Trial Court Cause No. F-11-61804-J
MEMORANDUM OPINION Before Justices Francis, Lang-Miers, and Lewis Opinion by Justice Lewis A jury found appellant Jose Cutberto Valle guilty of capital murder, assessed appellant’s
punishment at confinement for life without parole, and ordered appellant to pay court costs.
Appellant raises two issues on appeal dealing with the sufficiency of the evidence. We affirm the
trial court’s judgment. Because all dispositive issues are settled in law, we issue this
memorandum opinion. TEX. R. APP. P. 47.2(a), 47.4.
Background
Sergio Teran testified that he began communicating with Alexandro Granados (“Alex”)
online via chat room regarding the purchase of a .44 magnum handgun. On November 7, 2011,
Teran asked appellant to drive him to meet with Alex because Teran was not familiar with the
area where Alex lived. Teran testified appellant almost hit a car on the way to the gun purchase; he claimed appellant was “all barred out” from doing too many drugs earlier that day. Teran
testified he and appellant stopped at a store to buy some sodas and a “dope house to get some
weed.” Teran first saw appellant was carrying a gun in his jacket when they left the dope house.
Teran received a text message from Alex with directions regarding when and where to meet. At
approximately 10:00 p.m., Alex walked outside his apartment into the parking lot to meet with
Teran. Teran got out of the front seat of the car and crawled into the back seat. Alex got into the
front passenger seat of the car and showed Teran the gun he was selling. Teran and appellant
both looked at the gun. Alex and Teran negotiated a price, came to an agreement, and Teran gave
Alex $149 for the gun. Teran and Alex began to discuss other guns that Alex could sell to Teran.
Alex and Teran both got out of the car, Teran gave Alex the $149 cash, Teran left the .44mm
magnum in the back seat, and Teran sat down sideways in the passenger-side front seat of the
car. The car door was still open, and Teran’s feet were not in the vehicle while he and Alex were
discussing the other guns. Alex was texting his contact and asking for pictures of the other guns
to show Teran.
When Alex received the pictures on his phone, he placed the cash from the sale onto the
dash and began showing Teran the pictures; this is when appellant put the car in gear and began
to drive away. Teran was trying to turn and pull his feet into the car and Alex was trying to climb
into the car to get his cash from the gun sale. Appellant drove the car down an alley scraping the
passenger side of the car along a fence while trying to knock Alex off the side of the car. Teran
testified if Alex had not crawled into the car on top of Teran, Alex would have been crushed.
When scraping the car along the fence did not get rid of Alex, appellant pulled his 9mm handgun
out of his jacket and pointed it directly in front of Teran and at Alex. Teran pushed the gun down
and appellant pulled the trigger. Teran testified the bullet went directly through his upper leg but
–2– he did not know Alex had been hit. Alex fell out of the car and appellant and Teran left the
scene. Alex died from the gunshot to his chest.
Analysis
In both issues raised before this Court, appellant challenges the sufficiency of the
evidence. We review the sufficiency of the evidence in a criminal case using the standard set out
in Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307 (1979). See Brooks v. State, 323 S.W.3d 893, 912 (Tex.
Crim. App. 2010). In determining the sufficiency of the evidence, we consider all evidence in the
light most favorable to the verdict and determine whether any rational trier of fact could have
found the essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt. Jackson, 443 U.S. at 326;
Brooks, 323 S.W.3d at 912. It is the responsibility of the jury to fairly resolve conflicts in the
testimony, to weigh the evidence, and to draw reasonable inferences from basic facts to ultimate
facts. Jackson, 443 U.S. at 319; Brooks, 323 S.W.3d at 899. We may not re-evaluate the weight
and credibility of the evidence and substitute our judgment for that of the fact-finder. Dewberry
v. State, 4 S.W.3d 735, 740 (Tex. Crim. App. 1999). “Circumstantial evidence is as probative as
direct evidence in establishing the guilt of an actor, and circumstantial evidence alone can be
sufficient to establish guilt.” Merritt v. State, 368 S.W.3d 516, 525 (Tex. Crim. App. 2012).
“Our role on appeal is restricted to guarding against the rare occurrence when a factfinder does
not act rationally.” Isassi v. State, 330 S.W.3d 633, 638 (Tex. Crim. App. 2010).
1. Intent to Commit Murder
In his first issue, appellant contends the evidence is insufficient to support a finding that
he possessed the specific intent to commit murder. A person commits murder if he intentionally
or knowingly causes the death of an individual or he intends to cause serious bodily injury and
commits an act clearly dangerous to human life that causes the death of an individual. TEX.
–3– PENAL CODE ANN. § 19.02(b) (West 2011). In order to obtain a conviction for capital murder, the
State was required to show appellant committed murder in the course of committing or
attempting to commit robbery. TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. § 19.03(a)(2) (West Supp. 2013). Murder
is a “result of conduct” offense, which requires that the culpable mental state relate to the result
of the conduct—causing the death. See TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. § 19.02(b). The specific intent to
kill may be inferred from the use of a deadly weapon. Cavazos v. State, 382 S.W.3d 377, 384
(Tex. Crim. App. 2012). When a deadly weapon is used in a deadly manner, the inference of
intent to kill is almost conclusive. Watkins v. State, 333 S.W.3d 771, 781 (Tex. App.—Waco
2010, pet. ref’d) (citing Adanandus v. State, 866 S.W.2d 210, 215 (Tex. Crim. App. 1993)).
Here, appellant contends the evidence is insufficient to support the finding that he
possessed the required specific intent to kill. Within this issue, appellant relies on his claim that
Alex’s death was nothing more than the “fortuitous result of [appellant’s] threatening exhibition
of the gun during the victim’s assault on his friend.” Appellant argues the evidence shows he was
not attempting to shoot Alex in a vital area of the body and cause death.
The medical examiner testified Alex died of a single gunshot that entered the side of his
chest, nearly severed his spinal cord, and exited through his back. Forensic testing showed Alex
was less than three feet from the barrel of the gun when shot.
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AFFIRM; and Opinion Filed April 7, 2014.
S In The Court of Appeals Fifth District of Texas at Dallas No. 05-12-01628-CR
JOSE CUTBERTO VALLE, Appellant V. THE STATE OF TEXAS, Appellee
On Appeal from the Criminal District Court No. 3 Dallas County, Texas Trial Court Cause No. F-11-61804-J
MEMORANDUM OPINION Before Justices Francis, Lang-Miers, and Lewis Opinion by Justice Lewis A jury found appellant Jose Cutberto Valle guilty of capital murder, assessed appellant’s
punishment at confinement for life without parole, and ordered appellant to pay court costs.
Appellant raises two issues on appeal dealing with the sufficiency of the evidence. We affirm the
trial court’s judgment. Because all dispositive issues are settled in law, we issue this
memorandum opinion. TEX. R. APP. P. 47.2(a), 47.4.
Background
Sergio Teran testified that he began communicating with Alexandro Granados (“Alex”)
online via chat room regarding the purchase of a .44 magnum handgun. On November 7, 2011,
Teran asked appellant to drive him to meet with Alex because Teran was not familiar with the
area where Alex lived. Teran testified appellant almost hit a car on the way to the gun purchase; he claimed appellant was “all barred out” from doing too many drugs earlier that day. Teran
testified he and appellant stopped at a store to buy some sodas and a “dope house to get some
weed.” Teran first saw appellant was carrying a gun in his jacket when they left the dope house.
Teran received a text message from Alex with directions regarding when and where to meet. At
approximately 10:00 p.m., Alex walked outside his apartment into the parking lot to meet with
Teran. Teran got out of the front seat of the car and crawled into the back seat. Alex got into the
front passenger seat of the car and showed Teran the gun he was selling. Teran and appellant
both looked at the gun. Alex and Teran negotiated a price, came to an agreement, and Teran gave
Alex $149 for the gun. Teran and Alex began to discuss other guns that Alex could sell to Teran.
Alex and Teran both got out of the car, Teran gave Alex the $149 cash, Teran left the .44mm
magnum in the back seat, and Teran sat down sideways in the passenger-side front seat of the
car. The car door was still open, and Teran’s feet were not in the vehicle while he and Alex were
discussing the other guns. Alex was texting his contact and asking for pictures of the other guns
to show Teran.
When Alex received the pictures on his phone, he placed the cash from the sale onto the
dash and began showing Teran the pictures; this is when appellant put the car in gear and began
to drive away. Teran was trying to turn and pull his feet into the car and Alex was trying to climb
into the car to get his cash from the gun sale. Appellant drove the car down an alley scraping the
passenger side of the car along a fence while trying to knock Alex off the side of the car. Teran
testified if Alex had not crawled into the car on top of Teran, Alex would have been crushed.
When scraping the car along the fence did not get rid of Alex, appellant pulled his 9mm handgun
out of his jacket and pointed it directly in front of Teran and at Alex. Teran pushed the gun down
and appellant pulled the trigger. Teran testified the bullet went directly through his upper leg but
–2– he did not know Alex had been hit. Alex fell out of the car and appellant and Teran left the
scene. Alex died from the gunshot to his chest.
Analysis
In both issues raised before this Court, appellant challenges the sufficiency of the
evidence. We review the sufficiency of the evidence in a criminal case using the standard set out
in Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307 (1979). See Brooks v. State, 323 S.W.3d 893, 912 (Tex.
Crim. App. 2010). In determining the sufficiency of the evidence, we consider all evidence in the
light most favorable to the verdict and determine whether any rational trier of fact could have
found the essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt. Jackson, 443 U.S. at 326;
Brooks, 323 S.W.3d at 912. It is the responsibility of the jury to fairly resolve conflicts in the
testimony, to weigh the evidence, and to draw reasonable inferences from basic facts to ultimate
facts. Jackson, 443 U.S. at 319; Brooks, 323 S.W.3d at 899. We may not re-evaluate the weight
and credibility of the evidence and substitute our judgment for that of the fact-finder. Dewberry
v. State, 4 S.W.3d 735, 740 (Tex. Crim. App. 1999). “Circumstantial evidence is as probative as
direct evidence in establishing the guilt of an actor, and circumstantial evidence alone can be
sufficient to establish guilt.” Merritt v. State, 368 S.W.3d 516, 525 (Tex. Crim. App. 2012).
“Our role on appeal is restricted to guarding against the rare occurrence when a factfinder does
not act rationally.” Isassi v. State, 330 S.W.3d 633, 638 (Tex. Crim. App. 2010).
1. Intent to Commit Murder
In his first issue, appellant contends the evidence is insufficient to support a finding that
he possessed the specific intent to commit murder. A person commits murder if he intentionally
or knowingly causes the death of an individual or he intends to cause serious bodily injury and
commits an act clearly dangerous to human life that causes the death of an individual. TEX.
–3– PENAL CODE ANN. § 19.02(b) (West 2011). In order to obtain a conviction for capital murder, the
State was required to show appellant committed murder in the course of committing or
attempting to commit robbery. TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. § 19.03(a)(2) (West Supp. 2013). Murder
is a “result of conduct” offense, which requires that the culpable mental state relate to the result
of the conduct—causing the death. See TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. § 19.02(b). The specific intent to
kill may be inferred from the use of a deadly weapon. Cavazos v. State, 382 S.W.3d 377, 384
(Tex. Crim. App. 2012). When a deadly weapon is used in a deadly manner, the inference of
intent to kill is almost conclusive. Watkins v. State, 333 S.W.3d 771, 781 (Tex. App.—Waco
2010, pet. ref’d) (citing Adanandus v. State, 866 S.W.2d 210, 215 (Tex. Crim. App. 1993)).
Here, appellant contends the evidence is insufficient to support the finding that he
possessed the required specific intent to kill. Within this issue, appellant relies on his claim that
Alex’s death was nothing more than the “fortuitous result of [appellant’s] threatening exhibition
of the gun during the victim’s assault on his friend.” Appellant argues the evidence shows he was
not attempting to shoot Alex in a vital area of the body and cause death.
The medical examiner testified Alex died of a single gunshot that entered the side of his
chest, nearly severed his spinal cord, and exited through his back. Forensic testing showed Alex
was less than three feet from the barrel of the gun when shot. Testimony from the medical
examiner and forensic testing both were consistent with Teran’s testimony about the sequence of
events.
Teran testified Alex was trying to crawl into the car because appellant had begun to drive
away with Alex’s money and the .44 magnum handgun Alex had just sold to Teran still in the
car. Appellant next scraped the side of the car against the fence in the alley trying to force Alex
off of the car and off of Teran. Teran testified if Alex had not been trying to get into the car, he
–4– would have been crushed between the car and the fence. The next thing Teran remembered was
appellant pulled out his 9mm handgun from his jacket and pointed it in front of Teran and
directly at Alex. Teran pushed the gun down as appellant pulled the trigger. The bullet from
appellant’s 9mm handgun traveled through Teran’s leg, into Alex’s chest, through Alex’s upper
body, and exited out Alex’s back, which resulted in the death of Alex.
Appellant argues the law only allows the permissible inference of specific intent by use
of a deadly weapon when there is deliberate action on the part of the defendant in pointing and
firing a loaded weapon at a person. He acknowledges the evidence presented pertaining to the
“spontaneous robbery of the victim’s gun” but argues the facts of this case do not allow us to use
the permissible inference supplied by use of a deadly weapon in a deadly manner. We disagree.
The jury heard that appellant drove his car into the side of the fence trying to crush Alex, pulled
out his 9mm handgun, pointed it directly at Alex, fired the gun at close range, and killed Alex.
Given the evidence in the case, we conclude it is sufficient to show appellant had the intent to
commit murder. See Watkins, 333 S.W.3d at 781 (“Where a deadly weapon is fired at close range
and death results, the law presumes an intent to kill.”). We overrule appellant’s first issue.
2. Court Costs
Appellant next argues the evidence was insufficient to support the assessment of court
costs against him in the amount of $239.00, contending the record in this case does not contain a
proper written bill of costs.
The record before us contains the bill of costs. These complaints have been previously
addressed and rejected. See Johnson v. State, No. PD-0193-13, 2014 WL 714736, at *4-8 (Tex.
Crim. App. Feb. 26, 2014); Coronel v. State, 416 S.W.3d 550, 555-56 (Tex. App.−Dallas 2013,
pet. ref’d). We overrule appellant’s second issue.
–5– Conclusion
Having overruled both of appellant’s issues, we affirm the judgment of the trial court.
/David Lewis/ DAVID LEWIS JUSTICE
DO NOT PUBLISH TEX. R. APP. P. 47.
121628F.U05
–6– S Court of Appeals Fifth District of Texas at Dallas JUDGMENT
JOSE CUTBERTO VALLE, Appellant On Appeal from the Criminal District Court No. 3, Dallas County, Texas No. 05-12-01628-CR V. Trial Court Cause No. F-1161804-J. Opinion delivered by Justice Lewis. THE STATE OF TEXAS, Appellee Justices Francis and Lang-Miers participating.
Based on the Court’s opinion of this date, the judgment of the trial court is AFFIRMED.
Judgment entered this 7th day of April, 2014.
–7–