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6 7 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 8 WESTERN DISTRICT OF WASHINGTON AT TACOMA 9 10 BRENDA JOHNSON, CASE NO. 3:20-cv-05331-RJB 11 Plaintiff, ORDER DENYING APPLICATION 12 v. TO PROCEED IN FORMA PAUPERIS AND ORDER TO 13 TERRY LEE REMBERT, Pierce County SHOW CAUSE Corrections; PIERCE COUNTY SHERIFF 14 OF CORRECTIONS; JANA STEALING, Department of Child Support; and 15 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL AND HEALTH SERVICES, 16 D f d t 17 THIS ORDER is issued following the Court’s review of the proposed complaint. Dkt. 1. 18 Plaintiff has also filed an application to proceed in forma pauperis (“IFP”). Dkt. 5. 19 A. Review of the Proposed Complaint. 20 The Court has carefully reviewed the proposed complaint. Because Plaintiff proceeds pro 21 se, the Court has construed the pleadings liberally and has afforded Plaintiff the benefit of any 22 doubt. See Karim-Panahi v. Los Angeles Police Dep't, 839 F.2d 621, 623 (9th Cir.1988). 23 24 1 Plaintiff filed this matter on March 27, 2020. Dkt. 1. She failed to pay the filing fee or 2 file an application to proceed IFP, and so she was given notice by the Clerk of the Court of the 3 deficiencies. She later filed the now pending IFP application. Dkt. 5. 4 Her proposed complaint is a 63-page form complaint and is difficult to follow. She 5 indicates that she is bringing the case pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983, and references several
6 constitutional amendments, including the first, fourth, fifth and fourteenth amendments. Dkt. 1. 7 The Plaintiff states that the case “is being removed” under 28 U.S.C. §1442 “as an action against 8 an officer of the United States,” and so asserts that subject matter jurisdiction exists. Id., at 5. 9 She refers to several state court proceedings related to the dissolution of her marriage beginning 10 in 1999, custody of her children, and child support. Id., at 8-14. The Plaintiff maintains she 11 “was retaliated for filing a complaint against Formal [sic] Husband,” although it is not clear how, 12 by whom, or when. Id., at 4. 13 The proposed complaint references Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents, 403 U.S. 388 14 (1971), and states,
15 Trumps Administrative Officials violating a person's constitutional rights under color of state law by threating Plaintiff Brenda Johnson differently as a African 16 Black Woman in which Federal Laws were violated such as: Violating a protection law for safety and health Discrimination woman of color 17 Law Violation or conspiracy to commit law violation ( a.k.a lack of conformance of the law) Abuse of Authority 18 Appropriating property without due process of the law Aiding another officer to violate a rule 19 The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, 42 U.S.C § 14141.
20 Id., at 8. In answer to the form’s question of when the relevant dates took place, the proposed 21 complaint indicates they occurred on July 25, 2014. Id., at 9. Further, she seeks $75,000,000 in 22 damages. Id. 23 24 1 B. Standard on Review of a Complaint.
2 Pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 8 (a):
3 Claim for Relief. A pleading that states a claim for relief must contain: (1) a short and plain statement of the grounds for the court's jurisdiction, unless 4 the court already has jurisdiction and the claim needs no new jurisdictional support; 5 (2) a short and plain statement of the claim showing that the pleader is entitled to relief; and 6 (3) a demand for the relief sought, which may include relief in the alternative or different types of relief. 7 While the pleading standard under Rule 8 “does not require ‘detailed factual allegations,’ it 8 demands more than an unadorned, the-defendant-unlawfully-harmed-me accusation.” Ashcroft v. 9 Iqbal, 129 S. Ct. 1937, 1949 (2009). Although pleadings drafted by a party proceeding pro se 10 must be read more liberally than pleadings drafted by counsel, a pro se litigant is not excused 11 from knowing the most basic pleading requirements. See American Ass’n of Naturopathic 12 Physicians v. Hayhurst, 227 F.3d 1104, 1107-08 (9th Cir. 2000). 13 C. Sua Sponte Dismissal 14 A federal court may dismiss a case sua sponte pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6) when 15 it is clear that the plaintiff has not stated a claim upon which relief may be granted. See Omar v. 16 Sea-Land Serv., Inc., 813 F.2d 986, 991 (9th Cir.1987) ("A trial court may dismiss a claim sua 17 sponte under Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6). Such a dismissal may be made without notice where the 18 claimant cannot possibly win relief."). See also Mallard v. United States Dist. Court, 490 U.S. 19 296, 307-08 (1989) (there is little doubt a federal court would have the power to dismiss 20 frivolous complaint sua sponte, even in absence of an express statutory provision). A complaint 21 is frivolous when it has no arguable basis in law or fact. Franklin v. Murphy, 745 F.2d 1221, 22 1228 (9th Cir. 1984). 23 24 1 To state a claim under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, a complaint must allege that (1) the conduct 2 complained of was committed by a person acting under color of law, and that (2) the conduct 3 deprived a person of a right, privilege, or immunity secured by the Constitution or laws of the United 4 States. Parratt v. Taylor, 451 U.S. 527, 535 (1981), overruled on other grounds, Daniels v. 5 Williams, 474 U.S. 327 (1986). To state a civil rights claim, a plaintiff must set forth the specific
6 factual bases upon which he or she claims that each defendant is liable. Aldabe v. Aldabe, 616 7 F.2d 1089, 1092 (9th Cir. 1980). “Actions under § 1983 and those under Bivens are identical 8 save for the replacement of a state actor under § 1983 by a federal actor under Bivens.” Van 9 Strum v. Lawn, 940 F.2d 406, 409 (9th Cir. 1991). 10 The proposed complaint fails to state a claim upon which relief can be granted because it 11 fails to explain the factual bases upon which the defendants are liable. Moreover, the proposed 12 complaint fails to state a claim upon which relief can be granted, because the action, whether it is 13 brought under Bivens or §1983, is barred by the applicable three-year statute of limitations. 14 Bagley v. CMC Real Estate Corp., 923 F.2d 758, 760 (9th Cir. 1991); See RCW 4.16.080(2); 15 Strum, at 409. The alleged events giving rise to the harm occurred on July 25, 2014, but Plaintiff 16 did not file the case until March 27, 2020.
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6 7 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 8 WESTERN DISTRICT OF WASHINGTON AT TACOMA 9 10 BRENDA JOHNSON, CASE NO. 3:20-cv-05331-RJB 11 Plaintiff, ORDER DENYING APPLICATION 12 v. TO PROCEED IN FORMA PAUPERIS AND ORDER TO 13 TERRY LEE REMBERT, Pierce County SHOW CAUSE Corrections; PIERCE COUNTY SHERIFF 14 OF CORRECTIONS; JANA STEALING, Department of Child Support; and 15 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL AND HEALTH SERVICES, 16 D f d t 17 THIS ORDER is issued following the Court’s review of the proposed complaint. Dkt. 1. 18 Plaintiff has also filed an application to proceed in forma pauperis (“IFP”). Dkt. 5. 19 A. Review of the Proposed Complaint. 20 The Court has carefully reviewed the proposed complaint. Because Plaintiff proceeds pro 21 se, the Court has construed the pleadings liberally and has afforded Plaintiff the benefit of any 22 doubt. See Karim-Panahi v. Los Angeles Police Dep't, 839 F.2d 621, 623 (9th Cir.1988). 23 24 1 Plaintiff filed this matter on March 27, 2020. Dkt. 1. She failed to pay the filing fee or 2 file an application to proceed IFP, and so she was given notice by the Clerk of the Court of the 3 deficiencies. She later filed the now pending IFP application. Dkt. 5. 4 Her proposed complaint is a 63-page form complaint and is difficult to follow. She 5 indicates that she is bringing the case pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983, and references several
6 constitutional amendments, including the first, fourth, fifth and fourteenth amendments. Dkt. 1. 7 The Plaintiff states that the case “is being removed” under 28 U.S.C. §1442 “as an action against 8 an officer of the United States,” and so asserts that subject matter jurisdiction exists. Id., at 5. 9 She refers to several state court proceedings related to the dissolution of her marriage beginning 10 in 1999, custody of her children, and child support. Id., at 8-14. The Plaintiff maintains she 11 “was retaliated for filing a complaint against Formal [sic] Husband,” although it is not clear how, 12 by whom, or when. Id., at 4. 13 The proposed complaint references Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents, 403 U.S. 388 14 (1971), and states,
15 Trumps Administrative Officials violating a person's constitutional rights under color of state law by threating Plaintiff Brenda Johnson differently as a African 16 Black Woman in which Federal Laws were violated such as: Violating a protection law for safety and health Discrimination woman of color 17 Law Violation or conspiracy to commit law violation ( a.k.a lack of conformance of the law) Abuse of Authority 18 Appropriating property without due process of the law Aiding another officer to violate a rule 19 The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, 42 U.S.C § 14141.
20 Id., at 8. In answer to the form’s question of when the relevant dates took place, the proposed 21 complaint indicates they occurred on July 25, 2014. Id., at 9. Further, she seeks $75,000,000 in 22 damages. Id. 23 24 1 B. Standard on Review of a Complaint.
2 Pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 8 (a):
3 Claim for Relief. A pleading that states a claim for relief must contain: (1) a short and plain statement of the grounds for the court's jurisdiction, unless 4 the court already has jurisdiction and the claim needs no new jurisdictional support; 5 (2) a short and plain statement of the claim showing that the pleader is entitled to relief; and 6 (3) a demand for the relief sought, which may include relief in the alternative or different types of relief. 7 While the pleading standard under Rule 8 “does not require ‘detailed factual allegations,’ it 8 demands more than an unadorned, the-defendant-unlawfully-harmed-me accusation.” Ashcroft v. 9 Iqbal, 129 S. Ct. 1937, 1949 (2009). Although pleadings drafted by a party proceeding pro se 10 must be read more liberally than pleadings drafted by counsel, a pro se litigant is not excused 11 from knowing the most basic pleading requirements. See American Ass’n of Naturopathic 12 Physicians v. Hayhurst, 227 F.3d 1104, 1107-08 (9th Cir. 2000). 13 C. Sua Sponte Dismissal 14 A federal court may dismiss a case sua sponte pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6) when 15 it is clear that the plaintiff has not stated a claim upon which relief may be granted. See Omar v. 16 Sea-Land Serv., Inc., 813 F.2d 986, 991 (9th Cir.1987) ("A trial court may dismiss a claim sua 17 sponte under Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6). Such a dismissal may be made without notice where the 18 claimant cannot possibly win relief."). See also Mallard v. United States Dist. Court, 490 U.S. 19 296, 307-08 (1989) (there is little doubt a federal court would have the power to dismiss 20 frivolous complaint sua sponte, even in absence of an express statutory provision). A complaint 21 is frivolous when it has no arguable basis in law or fact. Franklin v. Murphy, 745 F.2d 1221, 22 1228 (9th Cir. 1984). 23 24 1 To state a claim under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, a complaint must allege that (1) the conduct 2 complained of was committed by a person acting under color of law, and that (2) the conduct 3 deprived a person of a right, privilege, or immunity secured by the Constitution or laws of the United 4 States. Parratt v. Taylor, 451 U.S. 527, 535 (1981), overruled on other grounds, Daniels v. 5 Williams, 474 U.S. 327 (1986). To state a civil rights claim, a plaintiff must set forth the specific
6 factual bases upon which he or she claims that each defendant is liable. Aldabe v. Aldabe, 616 7 F.2d 1089, 1092 (9th Cir. 1980). “Actions under § 1983 and those under Bivens are identical 8 save for the replacement of a state actor under § 1983 by a federal actor under Bivens.” Van 9 Strum v. Lawn, 940 F.2d 406, 409 (9th Cir. 1991). 10 The proposed complaint fails to state a claim upon which relief can be granted because it 11 fails to explain the factual bases upon which the defendants are liable. Moreover, the proposed 12 complaint fails to state a claim upon which relief can be granted, because the action, whether it is 13 brought under Bivens or §1983, is barred by the applicable three-year statute of limitations. 14 Bagley v. CMC Real Estate Corp., 923 F.2d 758, 760 (9th Cir. 1991); See RCW 4.16.080(2); 15 Strum, at 409. The alleged events giving rise to the harm occurred on July 25, 2014, but Plaintiff 16 did not file the case until March 27, 2020. Plaintiff provides no explanation for the delay that 17 would give the Court any basis to toll the applicable statute of limitations. “Dismissal on statute 18 of limitations grounds can be granted pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6) only if the assertions 19 of the complaint, read with the required liberality, would not permit the plaintiff to prove that the 20 statute was tolled.” TwoRivers v. Lewis, 174 F.3d 987, 991 (9th Cir. 1999). Even considering the 21 proposed complaint with generous liberality, the Court cannot find any basis to toll the statute of 22 limitations. Plaintiff therefore has failed to state a claim for relief upon which relief can be 23 granted. 24 1 Unless it is absolutely clear that no amendment can cure the defect, a pro se litigant is 2 entitled to notice of the complaint's deficiencies and an opportunity to amend prior to dismissal 3 of the action. See Lucas v. Dep't of Corr., 66 F.3d 245, 248 (9th Cir.1995). Plaintiff should be 4 given the opportunity to cure the statute of limitations defect. By June 12, 2020, Plaintiff should 5 file either a Proposed Amended Complaint or a response to this Order providing a basis to toll
6 the statute of limitations. The failure to file either a Proposed Amended Complaint or a response 7 to this Order will result in dismissal of the case pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6). 8 The Court notes further, that this is the second time the Plaintiff has attempted to file a 9 similar case, which was dismissed based on the statute of limitations. Johnson v. Electronic 10 Transactions Consultants Corp., Western District of Washington case number 17-6009RJB. 11 D. APPLICATION FOR IFP 12 Standard for Granting Application for IFP. The district court may permit indigent 13 litigants to proceed IFP upon completion of a proper affidavit of indigency. See 28 U.S.C. § 14 1915(a). However, the court has broad discretion in denying an application to proceed IFP.
15 Weller v. Dickson, 314 F.2d 598 (9th Cir. 1963), cert. denied 375 U.S. 845 (1963). 16 Review of the Application for IFP. In his application for IFP, the Plaintiff states that 17 she receives a total of $3,618 a month. Dkt. 5, at 1. The Plaintiff states that she has around 18 $55.00 in checking or savings accounts. Dkt. 1, at 2. She states that she has less than $1,000 in 19 monthly expenses. Id. 20 Decision on Application for IFP. The Plaintiff’s application for IFP (Dkt. 5) should be 21 denied. While it appears that the Plaintiff has financial obligations, her income indicates that she 22 has the funds to pay the filing fee. Accordingly, the Plaintiff should be given until June 12, 2020, 23 to pay the filing fee in this case. Failure to do so may result in dismissal of the case. 24 1 * * * Accordingly, it is hereby ORDERED that: 2 • Plaintiff IS GRANTED LEAVE to file a proposed amended complaint or a 3 response to this Order, in writing, by Friday, June 12, 2020. The failure to file 4 either a proposed amended complaint or a response to this Order will result in 5 dismissal of the case pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6); 6 • Plaintiff’s application to proceed in forma pauperis (Dkt. 5) IS DENIED; 7 • If Plaintiff chooses to continue with this case, the filing fee IS DUE by June 12, 8 2020. Failure to pay the filing fee by June 12, 2020, may result in dismissal of the 9 case. 10 The Clerk is directed to send uncertified copies of this Order to all counsel of record and 11 to any party appearing pro se at said party’s last known address. 12 Dated this 15th day of May, 2020. 13 A 14
15 ROBERT J. BRYAN 16 United States District Judge
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