Johnson v. Lincoln Christian College

501 N.E.2d 1380, 150 Ill. App. 3d 733, 103 Ill. Dec. 842, 1986 Ill. App. LEXIS 3240
CourtAppellate Court of Illinois
DecidedDecember 16, 1986
Docket4-86-0305
StatusPublished
Cited by29 cases

This text of 501 N.E.2d 1380 (Johnson v. Lincoln Christian College) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Court of Illinois primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Johnson v. Lincoln Christian College, 501 N.E.2d 1380, 150 Ill. App. 3d 733, 103 Ill. Dec. 842, 1986 Ill. App. LEXIS 3240 (Ill. Ct. App. 1986).

Opinion

PRESIDING JUSTICE SPITZ

delivered the opinion of the court:

Gregory Johnson filed suit against Lincoln Christian College (LCC) and Kent Paris, and both defendants filed motions to dismiss his complaint. These motions were allowed. Johnson appeals from the dismissal of his complaint.

When considering a motion to dismiss, a court is obligated to accept as true all well-pleaded facts and all reasonable inferences which could be drawn from those facts. (Horwath v. Parker (1979), 72 Ill. App. 3d 128, 134, 390 N.E.2d 72, 77.) Pursuant to section 2— 612(b) of the Code of Civil Procedure (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1985, ch. 110, par. 2 — 612(b)), “[n]o pleading is bad in substance which contains such information as reasonably informs the opposite party of the nature of the claim or defense which he or she is called upon to meet.” Pursuant to section 2 — 603(c) of the Code of Civil Procedure (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1985, ch. 110, par. 2 — 603(c)), “[p]leadings shall be liberally construed with a view to doing substantial justice between the parties.” Furthermore, as this court stated in Champaign National Bank v. Illinois Power Co. (1984), 125 Ill. App. 3d 424, 428-29, 465 N.E.2d 1016, 1019, “[i]f the facts alleged and any reasonable inferences capable of being drawn from those facts demonstrate a possibility of recovery, the pleading is not subject to dismissal.” Consequently, our focus on review is whether any of the counts of Johnson’s complaint “demonstrate a possibility of recovery,” and, for the purpose of this appeal, we deem the following well-pleaded facts to be correct.

Johnson was a student at Lincoln Christian College from September 1976 to March 1981. He was enrolled in a five-year program to prepare him for a career teaching sacred music. Johnson has completed all of his course requirements and fully paid his tuition for each year; however, LCC has repeatedly refused to grant Johnson his diploma. LCC based its denial on a charge that Johnson might be homosexual.

The charge of homosexuality arose when, during Johnson’s last semester at LCC, another student, Linda Heppner, told LCC’s dean of students, Thomas Ewald, that Johnson might be homosexual. Solely in response to that student’s accusation and without further investigation, LCC through Heppner, told Johnson that he would graduate only if he sought counseling from Kent Paris. Relying upon LCC’s assurances that he would graduate if he sought counseling, and afraid that he would not graduate unless he complied with LCC’s demand, Johnson repeatedly traveled between Lincoln and Champaign, where Paris’ office was located, and attended private counseling sessions.

Throughout these counseling sessions, Johnson believed that anything he said, and any of Paris’ resulting conclusions, would be held in confidence. Because he believed that the conversations were confidential, Johnson was willing to, and did, reveal many personal facts, some of which he had never told anyone else. He would not have given that information to Paris if he had suspected that Paris would discuss the information or his resulting conclusions with anyone else. Johnson never consented to the disclosure of any information about these counseling sessions, and Paris never in any way contradicted Johnson’s faith in the confidentiality of their discussions; however, Paris reported to Ewald in March of 1981 that plaintiff had not changed and was not progressing.

As a result of that conversation, Ewald informed plaintiff that LCC would hold a hearing in less than 24 hours at which Johnson would be required to defend himself against the rumor that he was homosexual. Ewald told Johnson that he would be dismissed from LCC because of his alleged homosexuality and that the reason for his dismissal would be stamped across his transcript. From that meeting, Johnson understood that he would be dismissed regardless of what happened at the hearing. Afraid that the accusation of homosexuality being imprinted on his transcript would destroy his career goal, Johnson withdrew from LCC. LCC held the threatened hearing in Johnson’s absence. In addition, Ewald called Johnson’s mother and told her that LCC was dismissing Johnson because he was homosexual. To this day, LCC refuses to grant plaintiff a diploma.

On November 29, 1984, Johnson filed a seven-count complaint against LCC and Paris in the circuit court of Champaign County. LCC filed a motion to transfer venue from Champaign County to Logan County, and Paris filed an affidavit in support of LCC’s motion to transfer venue. On February 7, 1985, LCC’s motion was allowed, and on May 7, 1985, an order to transfer venue to Logan County was filed in the circuit court of Champaign County.

Johnson’s suit against Paris and LCC is based on several theories. With respect to LCC, plaintiff alleges: (1) LCC breached its college-student contract with plaintiff by arbitrarily and in bad faith denying him his diploma (count I); (2) LCC tortiously interfered with plaintiff’s contract with Paris (count II); (3) LCC misused the confidential information that Paris divulged thereby violating the Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities Confidentiality Act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1985, ch. 911/2, par. 801 et seq.) (count III); and (4) LCC invaded plaintiff’s privacy by publicly accusing him of homosexuality (count IV). With respect to Paris, plaintiff alleges: (1) Paris breached a contract with Johnson and violated the Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities Confidentiality Act (Ill. Rev. Stat. 1985, ch. 911/2, par. 801 et seq.) by disclosing information about his counseling sessions with plaintiff (count V); (2) Paris’ disclosure of the confidential information tortiously interfered with plaintiff’s college-student contract with LCC (count VI); and (3) Paris invaded plaintiff’s privacy by disclosing confidential information (count VII).

Defendants filed seven separate motions to dismiss Johnson’s complaint. Johnson filed a consolidated memorandum in opposition to defendants’ motions to dismiss his complaint. On August 20, 1985, a hearing was conducted regarding the various motions to dismiss. On April 9, 1986 (nearly 8 months after the hearing), the circuit court issued a one-sentence ruling, stating that “[a]ll motions of the co-defendants heretofore heard in open Court and considered by the Court are allowed.”

In count I of his complaint, Johnson alleged that (1) the terms of a college-student contract are implied by law; (2) the law implies in every college-student contract a duty that the college not arbitrarily, capriciously, or in bad faith prevent a student from graduating; (3) he fulfilled all of LCC’s academic requirements and fully paid his tuition to LCC; and (4) by refusing to issue him a diploma, LCC breached its implied contract with Johnson and has acted arbitrarily, capriciously, and in bad faith by refusing to do so. Johnson also alleged that LCC told him he would be allowed to graduate if he sought professional help from Paris.

LCC argues that dismissal of count I was proper because count I failed to allege the terms of the contract between Johnson and LCC. LCC cites Steinberg v. Chicago Medical School (1977), 69 Ill. 2d 320,

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
501 N.E.2d 1380, 150 Ill. App. 3d 733, 103 Ill. Dec. 842, 1986 Ill. App. LEXIS 3240, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/johnson-v-lincoln-christian-college-illappct-1986.