Johns v. State

592 So. 2d 86, 1991 WL 262491
CourtMississippi Supreme Court
DecidedJanuary 29, 1992
Docket89-KA-0705
StatusPublished
Cited by46 cases

This text of 592 So. 2d 86 (Johns v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Mississippi Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Johns v. State, 592 So. 2d 86, 1991 WL 262491 (Mich. 1992).

Opinion

592 So.2d 86 (1991)

Charles JOHNS
v.
STATE of Mississippi.

No. 89-KA-0705.

Supreme Court of Mississippi.

December 11, 1991.
Dissenting Opinion January 29, 1992.

*87 Herman F. Cox, Jimmy D. McGuire, McGuire & Cox, Gulfport, for appellant.

Mike C. Moore, Atty. Gen., John R. Henry, Jr., Sp. Asst. Atty. Gen., Jackson, for appellee.

Before ROY NOBLE LEE, C.J., and PRATHER and PITTMAN, JJ.

Dissenting Opinion of Justice Banks January 29, 1992.

PRATHER, Justice, for the Court:

I. INTRODUCTION

Charles Johns was indicted on August 25, 1988, in Pearl River County for the sale of cocaine in violation of Miss. Code Ann. § 41-29-139(a)(1) and (b)(1) (1972, as amended), a schedule II controlled substance under Miss. Code Ann. § 41-29-115(A)(a)(4), and as a second and subsequent offender under section 41-29-147.[1] After a jury trial, he was convicted and sentenced to twenty-seven (27) years in the *88 custody of the Mississippi Department of Corrections (MDC). Due to the convicted accomplice's testimony concerning her conviction on the same offense, and the ineffective assistance rendered by trial counsel, this Court reverses the conviction and remands for a new trial.

A. The Issues

I.

B. Facts and Procedural History

Charles Johns was indicted on August 25, 1988, for an offense allegedly committed on September 22, 1987, was tried on April 6, 1989, found guilty and has appealed to this Court.

Due to this Court's disposition of this case and the possible retrial, the facts are summarily set forth so as not to influence any future proceedings.

On September 21, 1987, an agent with the Mississippi Bureau of Narcotics (MBN) called Terrilyn Smith at her apartment in Picayune, Mississippi, to arrange the purchase of "an eight ball" of cocaine. The next day the agent went to Terrilyn Smith's apartment, as they had agreed the previous day, and told him she had not been able to get in touch with her supplier.

Terrilyn Smith made several phone calls and left her apartment several times to find her supplier. Finally, a red and white pickup truck pulled up at Terrilyn Smith's apartment. She went out and talked to the man driving it, and then returned to the apartment as the man drove off. She said that was her supplier and the cocaine would be ready in about ten to fifteen minutes. She left and came back with the cocaine, and the agent left the apartment.

The agent and another surveillance agent had observed the man driving the red and white pickup truck and identified the driver as Charles Johns, the defendant.

Terrilyn's account varies slightly from the agent's. She testified that when Charlie Johns drove up to the apartment and she talked to him, he told her Roger Fox, his co-worker and her boyfriend, would be home late from work. At that time she told him she needed an eight ball of cocaine. He replied he did not have it, but for her to come get it in about fifteen minutes.

On cross-examination, it was revealed that Terrilyn Smith had already been tried and found guilty for her actions in this transaction and sentenced to ten years. According to her, the only deal that had been made with the state was that if she would drop the appeal of her case, the state would not prosecute her on the second charge pending against her.

Charles Johns' version varies from both of the above. As Charles Johns left work, he drove to Terrilyn Smith's apartment, at Roger Fox's request, to tell her that Fox would be late getting home. Terrilyn Smith came out of the apartment and talked to him. He delivered Fox's message and drove home. He denied selling her any cocaine and denied she came to his house that afternoon to purchase any cocaine.

II. DISCUSSION OF THE ISSUES

A.

1. Accomplice Testimony

This Court has long held that the testimony of an accomplice must be viewed with "great caution and suspicion. Where it is uncorroborated, it must also be reasonable, not improbable, self-contradictory or substantially impeached." Jones v. State, 368 So.2d 1265, 1267 (Miss. 1979) (and numerous cases cited therein); See also Derden v. State, 522 So.2d 752, 754 (Miss. 1988); Winters v. State, 449 So.2d 766, 771 (Miss. 1984); Parker v. State, 378 So.2d 662, 663 (Miss. 1980). If the uncorroborated accomplice testimony does not suffer from these infirmities, such testimony may be found to adequately support a conviction. See, e.g., Oates v. State, 421 So.2d 1025, 1031 (Miss. 1982); Catchings v. State, 394 So.2d 869, 870 (Miss. 1981); Jones v. State, 381 So.2d 983, 988 (Miss. 1980). The trial court, in its discretion, may grant a cautionary jury instruction concerning accomplice testimony. This discretion is not absolute however, and may be abused if no cautionary instruction was given, and (1) *89 the witness was, in fact, an accomplice, and, (2) the testimony was not corroborated. Derden, 522 So.2d at 754.

Terrilyn Smith in the case sub judice, had been indicted on a separate indictment from Johns for the same crime. She had been tried and convicted prior to testifying at his trial. In essence, she was an accomplice to Johns. Her testimony was corroborated in part and uncorroborated as to other aspects. The agent substantiated her story concerning the transactions which took place inside the apartment. The second agent testified as to her movements the several times when she left the apartment. No one corroborated her testimony that she got the cocaine from Johns; however, both agents identified Johns as being the man driving the pickup truck, and the surveillance agent confirmed that the truck was at Johns' house just after Smith transferred the cocaine to the agent inside her house. This testimony tends to corroborate most of the testimony given by the accomplice.

However, her testimony was also substantially impeached on cross-examination when she admitted she told her attorney when she was arrested, that she had purchased the cocaine from a third person, since deceased, whose house was only two houses from that of the defendant.

The trial court granted the following instruction concerning accomplice testimony:

The Court instructs the jury that Terrilyn Smith is an accomplice in this case and the testimony of an accomplice is to be considered and weighed with great care and caution. You may give it such weight and credit as you deem it is entitled.

The jury is charged with the responsibility to weigh and consider the conflicting evidence and testimony adduced from witnesses. Winters v. State, 449 So.2d 766, 771 (Miss. 1984). This Court is not at liberty to set aside a jury verdict of guilty in a criminal trial and direct the defendant be discharged, "short of a conclusion on [this Court's] part that under the evidence, taken in the light most favorable to the verdict, no reasonable hypothetical juror could find beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant was guilty." Winters, 449 So.2d at 771. Such cannot be said in the case before this Court.

2. Testimony Concerning Accomplice's Conviction

During the direct examination of Terrilyn Smith, the State elicited the fact that she had been previously convicted of a felony for the sale of a controlled substance, cocaine.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
592 So. 2d 86, 1991 WL 262491, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/johns-v-state-miss-1992.