iVAbf-nH* l
201M NOV 17 AH 8:1*7
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON DIVISION ONE
In the Matter of the Marriage of No. 68541-4-
JOHNNY CLARK,
Petitioner,
and
BRENDA CLARK, UNPUBLISHED OPINION
Respondent. FILED: November 17, 2014
Verellen, J. — Johnny Clark appeals a dissolution decree, parenting plan, and
order of child support. Because his arguments on appeal are both procedurally and
substantively flawed, we affirm.
FACTS
The parties married in 2007 and divorced in 2012. They have two children,
Johnny and Marley. Both parents have children from other relationships.
In February, 2012, the parties represented themselves during a four-day trial. The
court ultimately entered a decree of dissolution, a parenting plan, and an order of child
support. The parenting plan provides that the children will generally reside with Brenda
during the week and with Johnny according to a schedule. The child support order states
that Johnny's monthly net income is $4,742.04 and Brenda's is $2,502.00. The order
requires Johnny to pay a standard calculation transfer payment of $1,026.45 per month. No. 68541-4-1/2
The order states that no deviation was requested. The court ordered Johnny to pay
Brenda $2,713 in attorney's fees and costs.
Johnny, appearing pro se, appeals. Brenda also appears pro se but elected not to
file a responsive brief.
DECISION
The law does not distinguish between litigants who choose to proceed pro se and
those who seek assistance of counsel.1 Both must comply with applicable procedural
rules, and failure to do so may preclude review.2 We generally will not consider
arguments that are unsupported by pertinent authority, references to the record, or
meaningful analysis.3
Clark has failed to comply with most of these requirements. His brief contains
limited citations to authority and the record and little, ifany, meaningful analysis. Under
the authorities cited above, these deficiencies are fatal. Nevertheless, to the extent
possible, we have considered the essence of his claims and conclude they lack merit.
Clark contends the court erred in calculating his child support obligation because it
used the two-child table rather than the four-child table in RCW 26.19.020. The result, he
concludes, was a deviation from the presumptive child support amount without any
1 In re Marriage of Olson, 69 Wn. App. 621, 626, 850 P.2d 527 (1993). 2 jdj State v. Marintorres. 93 Wn. App. 442, 452, 969 P.2d 501 (1999). 3 Cowiche Canyon Conservancy v. Boslev. 118 Wn.2d 801, 809, 828 P.2d 549 (1992) (arguments not supported by authority); State v. Elliott, 114 Wn.2d 6, 15, 785 P.2d 440 (1990) (insufficient argument); Saunders v. Lloyd's of London. 113 Wn.2d 330, 345, 779 P.2d 249 (1989) (issues unsupported by adequate argument and authority); State v. Camarillo. 54 Wn. App. 821, 829, 776 P.2d 176 (1989) (no references to the record), aff'd. 115Wn.2d60(1990); RAP 10.3(a): see also Storv v. Shelter Bay. 52 Wn. App. 334, 345, 760 P.2d 368 (1988) (appellant has the burden to provide a record sufficient to review issues raised on appeal). No. 68541-4-1/3
findings or reasons for doing so. The court used the correct table.
Under RCW 26.19.011(1), the basic child support obligation is "determined from
the economic table based on the parties' combined income and the number of children
for whom support is owed." The "children" referred to in this statute are the children who
comprise the parties' family, not the parties' children from other relationships.4 Children
from the parties' other relationships are governed by RCW 26.19.075(1 )(e), which
permits the court to grant a downward deviation from the support schedule "when either
or both of the parents before the court have children from other relationships to whom the
parent owes a duty of support." Because the parties' family consisted of two children,
Marley and Johnny, the trial court properly used the two-child table to determine the basic
support obligation.
Clark next contends the trial court violated RCW 26.19.0755 because it allegedly
set the support amount "without knowing what existing [support] orders were in place at
that time or the amount ordering the Father to pay on behalf of other children from
previous relationships."6 This claim is not supported by the record.
Financial source documents before the trial court showed Clark's recent history of
child support payments to the mothers of his four children. The court stated that it
considered that "Mr. Clark has other obligations to other children as well."7 The court not
4 RCW 26.19.075(1 )(e)(i) ("The child support schedule shall be applied to the mother, father, and children of the family before the court.") (emphasis added); (ii) ("Children from other relationships shall not be counted in the number of children for purposes of determining the basic support obligation and the standard calculation."). 5 RCW 26.19.075 provides "Standards for deviation from the standard calculation." As noted infra, the court's support order contains unchallenged findings that a deviation was neither requested nor imposed. 6 Appellant's Br. at 3. 7 Clerk's Papers at 877. No. 68541-4-1/4
only recognized those obligations but deliberately "did not include [Clark's] Army Reserve
income in its calculation of child support for Johnny Jr. and Marley" in order to account for
his obligation "to pay child support for two other children from prior relationships."8 The
record thus belies Clark's claim.
Clark also contends "[t]he trial court erred when it did not enter written finding[s] of
fact based upon a request for child support deviation when entering the order of child
support."9 But Clark fails to point to anything in the record evidencing a request for a
deviation. Nor does he assign error to paragraphs 3.7 and 3.8 of the child support order,
which state, respectively, "The child support amount.. . does not deviate from the
standard calculation" and "[a] deviation was not requested."10
Clark assigns error to the court's failure "to include parents' birthdays, religious
[h]olidays and other [s]pecial [occasions for residential time in the final order in conflict
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iVAbf-nH* l
201M NOV 17 AH 8:1*7
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON DIVISION ONE
In the Matter of the Marriage of No. 68541-4-
JOHNNY CLARK,
Petitioner,
and
BRENDA CLARK, UNPUBLISHED OPINION
Respondent. FILED: November 17, 2014
Verellen, J. — Johnny Clark appeals a dissolution decree, parenting plan, and
order of child support. Because his arguments on appeal are both procedurally and
substantively flawed, we affirm.
FACTS
The parties married in 2007 and divorced in 2012. They have two children,
Johnny and Marley. Both parents have children from other relationships.
In February, 2012, the parties represented themselves during a four-day trial. The
court ultimately entered a decree of dissolution, a parenting plan, and an order of child
support. The parenting plan provides that the children will generally reside with Brenda
during the week and with Johnny according to a schedule. The child support order states
that Johnny's monthly net income is $4,742.04 and Brenda's is $2,502.00. The order
requires Johnny to pay a standard calculation transfer payment of $1,026.45 per month. No. 68541-4-1/2
The order states that no deviation was requested. The court ordered Johnny to pay
Brenda $2,713 in attorney's fees and costs.
Johnny, appearing pro se, appeals. Brenda also appears pro se but elected not to
file a responsive brief.
DECISION
The law does not distinguish between litigants who choose to proceed pro se and
those who seek assistance of counsel.1 Both must comply with applicable procedural
rules, and failure to do so may preclude review.2 We generally will not consider
arguments that are unsupported by pertinent authority, references to the record, or
meaningful analysis.3
Clark has failed to comply with most of these requirements. His brief contains
limited citations to authority and the record and little, ifany, meaningful analysis. Under
the authorities cited above, these deficiencies are fatal. Nevertheless, to the extent
possible, we have considered the essence of his claims and conclude they lack merit.
Clark contends the court erred in calculating his child support obligation because it
used the two-child table rather than the four-child table in RCW 26.19.020. The result, he
concludes, was a deviation from the presumptive child support amount without any
1 In re Marriage of Olson, 69 Wn. App. 621, 626, 850 P.2d 527 (1993). 2 jdj State v. Marintorres. 93 Wn. App. 442, 452, 969 P.2d 501 (1999). 3 Cowiche Canyon Conservancy v. Boslev. 118 Wn.2d 801, 809, 828 P.2d 549 (1992) (arguments not supported by authority); State v. Elliott, 114 Wn.2d 6, 15, 785 P.2d 440 (1990) (insufficient argument); Saunders v. Lloyd's of London. 113 Wn.2d 330, 345, 779 P.2d 249 (1989) (issues unsupported by adequate argument and authority); State v. Camarillo. 54 Wn. App. 821, 829, 776 P.2d 176 (1989) (no references to the record), aff'd. 115Wn.2d60(1990); RAP 10.3(a): see also Storv v. Shelter Bay. 52 Wn. App. 334, 345, 760 P.2d 368 (1988) (appellant has the burden to provide a record sufficient to review issues raised on appeal). No. 68541-4-1/3
findings or reasons for doing so. The court used the correct table.
Under RCW 26.19.011(1), the basic child support obligation is "determined from
the economic table based on the parties' combined income and the number of children
for whom support is owed." The "children" referred to in this statute are the children who
comprise the parties' family, not the parties' children from other relationships.4 Children
from the parties' other relationships are governed by RCW 26.19.075(1 )(e), which
permits the court to grant a downward deviation from the support schedule "when either
or both of the parents before the court have children from other relationships to whom the
parent owes a duty of support." Because the parties' family consisted of two children,
Marley and Johnny, the trial court properly used the two-child table to determine the basic
support obligation.
Clark next contends the trial court violated RCW 26.19.0755 because it allegedly
set the support amount "without knowing what existing [support] orders were in place at
that time or the amount ordering the Father to pay on behalf of other children from
previous relationships."6 This claim is not supported by the record.
Financial source documents before the trial court showed Clark's recent history of
child support payments to the mothers of his four children. The court stated that it
considered that "Mr. Clark has other obligations to other children as well."7 The court not
4 RCW 26.19.075(1 )(e)(i) ("The child support schedule shall be applied to the mother, father, and children of the family before the court.") (emphasis added); (ii) ("Children from other relationships shall not be counted in the number of children for purposes of determining the basic support obligation and the standard calculation."). 5 RCW 26.19.075 provides "Standards for deviation from the standard calculation." As noted infra, the court's support order contains unchallenged findings that a deviation was neither requested nor imposed. 6 Appellant's Br. at 3. 7 Clerk's Papers at 877. No. 68541-4-1/4
only recognized those obligations but deliberately "did not include [Clark's] Army Reserve
income in its calculation of child support for Johnny Jr. and Marley" in order to account for
his obligation "to pay child support for two other children from prior relationships."8 The
record thus belies Clark's claim.
Clark also contends "[t]he trial court erred when it did not enter written finding[s] of
fact based upon a request for child support deviation when entering the order of child
support."9 But Clark fails to point to anything in the record evidencing a request for a
deviation. Nor does he assign error to paragraphs 3.7 and 3.8 of the child support order,
which state, respectively, "The child support amount.. . does not deviate from the
standard calculation" and "[a] deviation was not requested."10
Clark assigns error to the court's failure "to include parents' birthdays, religious
[h]olidays and other [s]pecial [occasions for residential time in the final order in conflict
with its oral ruling."11 This assignment of error need not be considered since it is not
supported by argument or authority.12 To the extent Clark claims a variance between the
court's oral and written decisions, we note that an oral ruling "has no final or binding
effect, unless formally incorporated into the findings, conclusions, and judgment."13
Clark contends the child support order should be vacated because Brenda
allegedly did not provide information regarding the income of her new spouse as required
8 Id. at 879. 9Appellant's Br. at 3. 10 Clerk's Papers at 530. 11 Appellant's Br. at 3. 12 RAP 10.3(a)(6); Raum v. City of Bellevue. 171 Wn. App. 124, 149, 286 P.3d 695 (2012). 13 DGHI Enterprises v. Pacific Cities. Inc.. 137 Wn.2d 933, 944, 977 P.2d 1231 (1999). No. 68541-4-1/5
by RCW 26.19.075(1). But the cited statute concerns standards for deviating from the standard calculation and allows a court to consider a new spouse's income "if the parent who is married to the new spouse ... is asking for a deviation based on any other reason."14 Clark does not allege that Brenda requested a deviation and, as noted above, the court's order expressly states that no deviation was requested. Clark also fails to
direct this court to any evidence in the record establishing that Brenda has a new spouse living in her home or that the spouse has income.
Finally, Clark assigns error to the court's award of attorney's fees to Brenda
"without determining the father's ability to pay."15 Again, he provides no argument or
authority supporting this assignment of error. Nor does it appear that he preserved this
issue for appeal by objecting to the imposition of fees below.16 Clark fails to demonstrate
an abuse of discretion.17
Affirmed.
WE CONCUR:
14 RCW 26.19.075(1 )(a)(i). 15 Appellant's Br. at 3. 16 RAP 2.5(a). 17 An award of attorney's fees in a dissolution action rests in the sound discretion of the trial court. Marriage of Monkowski. 17 Wn. App. 816, 818, 565 P.2d 1210(1977).