COURT OF APPEALS EIGHTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS EL PASO, TEXAS
JOHN M. STEVENSON AND ALL ' OTHER OCCUPANTS, No. 08-10-00305-CV ' Appellant, Appeal from the ' v. County Court at Law Number Two ' HOUSING AUTHORITY OF THE CITY of Travis County, Texas ' OF AUSTIN (HACA), ' (TC#C-1-CV-09-002256) Appellee.
OPINION
Appellant John M. Stevenson, pro se (Stevenson), appeals from an order dismissing his de
novo trial in a forcible entry and detainer action brought by the Housing Authority of the City of
Austin (HACA). We affirm.
BACKGROUND
In October 2005, Stevenson leased an apartment in a public housing community, which is
owned and operated by HACA in Austin, Texas. On November 12, 2008, Stevenson was notified
that his lease was being terminated due to his failure to pay rent. Stevenson was later notified to
vacate the apartment by December 4, 2008.
Stevenson failed to vacate the property and HACA filed a forcible detainer action in the
Justice of the Peace Court Precinct No. 1, in Travis County. The justice court rendered judgment
on the jury verdict in favor of HACA. Stevenson appealed for a de novo trial in county court and
filed a pauper’s affidavit. See TEX. R. CIV. P. 749, 749a.
In March 2009, HACA filed a motion for immediate issuance of writ of possession in
county court due to Stevenson’s failure to pay rent into the court’s registry. See TEX. R. CIV. P. 749b. Stevenson removed the case to federal court and a hearing on the motion for writ of
possession in the county court was recessed pending further action in federal court. The federal
court found removal improper and remanded the case. In April 2009, after a hearing on HACA’s
motion for immediate issuance of writ of possession, the county court ordered that HACA recover
possession and Stevenson be evicted from the premises.1 Stevenson requested an emergency stay
which was denied. The writ of possession was executed on May 6, 2009. On March 29, 2010,
HACA moved to dismiss Stevenson’s de novo trial as moot because his lease had expired. After a
hearing, the county court granted HACA’s motion and dismissed the case with prejudice.
Stevenson now appeals the order of dismissal.
DISCUSSION
In five issues, Stevenson contends that the county court erred in dismissing his de novo trial
as moot because: (1) the county court erred by issuing a writ of possession to HACA because he
allegedly tendered payment to HACA in accordance with section 24.0053(d) of the Texas Property
Code which HACA refused to accept;2 (2) he continued to pay rent to HACA, thus, his lease was
still in full force and effect; (3) the justice court erred by not including the conditions set forth by
the jury in its judgment; (4) he was denied due process due to the flawed nature of the justice
court’s proceedings; and (5) his case is not moot. In a sixth issue, Stevenson asserts that he has a
right to seek damages for the fair market value of his lease pursuant to Texas Rule of Civil
Procedure 748. We begin by addressing Stevenson’s mootness argument.
MOOTNESS 1 On the day of the hearing, Stevenson was given until 5 p.m. to deposit $860 in back rent and attorney’s fees in order to stay in possession of the apartment pending the appeal, but Stevenson failed to meet the deadline. See TEX. R. CIV. P. 749b. 2 The record contains no evidence affirming Stevenson’s allegations that he continued to pay rent or tendered payment to HACA.
2 In Issue Five, Stevenson contends that his case is not moot because he involuntarily
vacated the apartment, resided in the apartment when the appeal was filed, and asserted a
meritorious claim for the right to current and actual possession of the apartment. Citing to
Marshall v. Housing Auth. of City of San Antonio, 198 S.W.3d 782, 785 (Tex. 2006), HACA
argues that Stevenson has failed to present a potentially meritorious claim to current, actual
possession of the apartment because the issue of possession became moot when the lease expired.
We agree.
We are prohibited from deciding moot controversies. Nat’l Collegiate Athletic Ass’n v.
Jones, 1 S.W.3d 83, 86 (Tex. 1999). A case is moot if a justiciable controversy ceases to exist at
any stage of the legal proceedings, including the appeal. In re Kellogg Brown & Root, Inc., 166
S.W.3d 732, 737 (Tex. 2005). In Marshall, the Texas Supreme Court held that when a tenant
gives up possession, the appeal does not become moot as long as the appellate relief sought is “not
futile; that is, so long as she held and asserted a potentially meritorious claim of right to current,
actual possession of the apartment.” Marshall, 198 S.W.3d at 787.
Stevenson attempts to distinguish his case from Marshall in order to avoid its application
by arguing that he did not voluntarily vacate his apartment and that he resided in the apartment at
the time he filed an appeal. However, the Texas Supreme Court held that coupled with her intent
to appeal, Marshall’s voluntary departure was not dispositive of the question of mootness. Id.
Rather the question of mootness turned on whether Marshall held and asserted a potentially
meritorious claim of a right of possession. Id. The Supreme Court held that because Marshall’s
lease expired, and because she failed to present another basis for claiming a current actual right to
possession, the issue of possession became moot when the lease expired. Id.
3 Stevenson argues that because he tendered the rent in an amount he calculated under
section 24.0053(d) of the Property Code, he holds and asserts a meritorious claim to current, actual
possession of the apartment. TEX. PROP. CODE ANN. § 24.0053(d) (West Supp. 2012) (if the
tenant objects to the portion of the rent to be paid during the appeal, the tenant is only required to
pay the portion claimed to be owed by the tenant until the issue is tried de novo in the county
court). However, Stevenson’s reliance on section 24.0053(d) is misplaced because nothing in the
record indicates that his rent has been wholly or partly paid by a government agency or that he
even filed a motion to reconsider the amount of rent required to be paid into the court registry.
See TEX. PROP. CODE ANN. §§ 24.0053(c), (d) (West Supp. 2012). The record contains no
evidence affirming Stevenson’s allegations that he continued to pay rent or tendered payment to
HACA. Stevenson’s appellate brief fails to present any other basis for claiming a right to current,
actual possession of the apartment. Marshall, 198 S.W.3d at 787; see also Cavazos v. San
Antonio Hous. Auth., No. 04-09-00659-CV, 2010 WL 2772450, at *1-2 (Tex. App. – San Antonio
July 14, 2010, no pet.) (mem. op.).
The record establishes that Stevenson’s lease expired in October 2008. Stevenson has not
resided in the apartment since his eviction in May 2009, and HACA has leased the apartment at
issue to another tenant. Because Stevenson’s lease expired and because he presents no basis for
claiming a current, actual right to possession of the premises, the issue of possession is moot.
Marshall, 198 S.W.3d at 787. As such, the county court’s order dismissing Stevenson’s de novo
trial was proper. Id. Accordingly, we overrule Issue Five.
Where the issue of possession is moot, issues independent of possession are still
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COURT OF APPEALS EIGHTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS EL PASO, TEXAS
JOHN M. STEVENSON AND ALL ' OTHER OCCUPANTS, No. 08-10-00305-CV ' Appellant, Appeal from the ' v. County Court at Law Number Two ' HOUSING AUTHORITY OF THE CITY of Travis County, Texas ' OF AUSTIN (HACA), ' (TC#C-1-CV-09-002256) Appellee.
OPINION
Appellant John M. Stevenson, pro se (Stevenson), appeals from an order dismissing his de
novo trial in a forcible entry and detainer action brought by the Housing Authority of the City of
Austin (HACA). We affirm.
BACKGROUND
In October 2005, Stevenson leased an apartment in a public housing community, which is
owned and operated by HACA in Austin, Texas. On November 12, 2008, Stevenson was notified
that his lease was being terminated due to his failure to pay rent. Stevenson was later notified to
vacate the apartment by December 4, 2008.
Stevenson failed to vacate the property and HACA filed a forcible detainer action in the
Justice of the Peace Court Precinct No. 1, in Travis County. The justice court rendered judgment
on the jury verdict in favor of HACA. Stevenson appealed for a de novo trial in county court and
filed a pauper’s affidavit. See TEX. R. CIV. P. 749, 749a.
In March 2009, HACA filed a motion for immediate issuance of writ of possession in
county court due to Stevenson’s failure to pay rent into the court’s registry. See TEX. R. CIV. P. 749b. Stevenson removed the case to federal court and a hearing on the motion for writ of
possession in the county court was recessed pending further action in federal court. The federal
court found removal improper and remanded the case. In April 2009, after a hearing on HACA’s
motion for immediate issuance of writ of possession, the county court ordered that HACA recover
possession and Stevenson be evicted from the premises.1 Stevenson requested an emergency stay
which was denied. The writ of possession was executed on May 6, 2009. On March 29, 2010,
HACA moved to dismiss Stevenson’s de novo trial as moot because his lease had expired. After a
hearing, the county court granted HACA’s motion and dismissed the case with prejudice.
Stevenson now appeals the order of dismissal.
DISCUSSION
In five issues, Stevenson contends that the county court erred in dismissing his de novo trial
as moot because: (1) the county court erred by issuing a writ of possession to HACA because he
allegedly tendered payment to HACA in accordance with section 24.0053(d) of the Texas Property
Code which HACA refused to accept;2 (2) he continued to pay rent to HACA, thus, his lease was
still in full force and effect; (3) the justice court erred by not including the conditions set forth by
the jury in its judgment; (4) he was denied due process due to the flawed nature of the justice
court’s proceedings; and (5) his case is not moot. In a sixth issue, Stevenson asserts that he has a
right to seek damages for the fair market value of his lease pursuant to Texas Rule of Civil
Procedure 748. We begin by addressing Stevenson’s mootness argument.
MOOTNESS 1 On the day of the hearing, Stevenson was given until 5 p.m. to deposit $860 in back rent and attorney’s fees in order to stay in possession of the apartment pending the appeal, but Stevenson failed to meet the deadline. See TEX. R. CIV. P. 749b. 2 The record contains no evidence affirming Stevenson’s allegations that he continued to pay rent or tendered payment to HACA.
2 In Issue Five, Stevenson contends that his case is not moot because he involuntarily
vacated the apartment, resided in the apartment when the appeal was filed, and asserted a
meritorious claim for the right to current and actual possession of the apartment. Citing to
Marshall v. Housing Auth. of City of San Antonio, 198 S.W.3d 782, 785 (Tex. 2006), HACA
argues that Stevenson has failed to present a potentially meritorious claim to current, actual
possession of the apartment because the issue of possession became moot when the lease expired.
We agree.
We are prohibited from deciding moot controversies. Nat’l Collegiate Athletic Ass’n v.
Jones, 1 S.W.3d 83, 86 (Tex. 1999). A case is moot if a justiciable controversy ceases to exist at
any stage of the legal proceedings, including the appeal. In re Kellogg Brown & Root, Inc., 166
S.W.3d 732, 737 (Tex. 2005). In Marshall, the Texas Supreme Court held that when a tenant
gives up possession, the appeal does not become moot as long as the appellate relief sought is “not
futile; that is, so long as she held and asserted a potentially meritorious claim of right to current,
actual possession of the apartment.” Marshall, 198 S.W.3d at 787.
Stevenson attempts to distinguish his case from Marshall in order to avoid its application
by arguing that he did not voluntarily vacate his apartment and that he resided in the apartment at
the time he filed an appeal. However, the Texas Supreme Court held that coupled with her intent
to appeal, Marshall’s voluntary departure was not dispositive of the question of mootness. Id.
Rather the question of mootness turned on whether Marshall held and asserted a potentially
meritorious claim of a right of possession. Id. The Supreme Court held that because Marshall’s
lease expired, and because she failed to present another basis for claiming a current actual right to
possession, the issue of possession became moot when the lease expired. Id.
3 Stevenson argues that because he tendered the rent in an amount he calculated under
section 24.0053(d) of the Property Code, he holds and asserts a meritorious claim to current, actual
possession of the apartment. TEX. PROP. CODE ANN. § 24.0053(d) (West Supp. 2012) (if the
tenant objects to the portion of the rent to be paid during the appeal, the tenant is only required to
pay the portion claimed to be owed by the tenant until the issue is tried de novo in the county
court). However, Stevenson’s reliance on section 24.0053(d) is misplaced because nothing in the
record indicates that his rent has been wholly or partly paid by a government agency or that he
even filed a motion to reconsider the amount of rent required to be paid into the court registry.
See TEX. PROP. CODE ANN. §§ 24.0053(c), (d) (West Supp. 2012). The record contains no
evidence affirming Stevenson’s allegations that he continued to pay rent or tendered payment to
HACA. Stevenson’s appellate brief fails to present any other basis for claiming a right to current,
actual possession of the apartment. Marshall, 198 S.W.3d at 787; see also Cavazos v. San
Antonio Hous. Auth., No. 04-09-00659-CV, 2010 WL 2772450, at *1-2 (Tex. App. – San Antonio
July 14, 2010, no pet.) (mem. op.).
The record establishes that Stevenson’s lease expired in October 2008. Stevenson has not
resided in the apartment since his eviction in May 2009, and HACA has leased the apartment at
issue to another tenant. Because Stevenson’s lease expired and because he presents no basis for
claiming a current, actual right to possession of the premises, the issue of possession is moot.
Marshall, 198 S.W.3d at 787. As such, the county court’s order dismissing Stevenson’s de novo
trial was proper. Id. Accordingly, we overrule Issue Five.
Where the issue of possession is moot, issues independent of possession are still
reviewable on appeal. Rice v. Pinney, 51 S.W.3d 705, 707 (Tex. App. – Dallas 2001, no pet.).
Here, Issues One, Two, and Six, all relate to the issue of possession; thus, we lack jurisdiction to
4 consider them. See A.V.A. Servs. v. Parts Indus. Corp., 949 S.W.2d 852, 853 (Tex. App. –
Beaumont 1997, no writ) (dismissing two points of error involving possession and deciding the
merits of other points); Academy Corp. v. Sunwest N.O.P., Inc., 853 S.W.2d 833, 834 (Tex. App. –
Houston [14th Dist.] 1993, writ denied) (stating that existence of landlord-tenant relationship is
element of possession issue and therefore not reviewable).
In Issue Three, Stevenson contends that the justice court’s judgment is without merit and
invalid. In Issue Four, Stevenson complains that due to the flawed nature of the proceedings in
the justice court, he was denied due process. However, his complaints were rendered moot by the
de novo trial in the county court. See Coleman v. Bank of America, Nat. Ass’n, No.
06-11-00105-CV, 2012 WL 1940674, at *1 (Tex. App. – Texarkana May 30 2012, no pet. h.) (the
county court’s de novo trial rendered the justice court’s default judgment moot and appellants’
point of error was overruled because it failed to address an act or omission by the county court).
Accordingly, Issues Three and Four are overruled.
CONCLUSION
We affirm the judgment of the trial court.
GUADALUPE RIVERA, Justice October 31, 2012
Before McClure, C.J., Rivera, J., and Antcliff, J.