NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court." Although it is posted on the internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R.1:36-3.
SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY APPELLATE DIVISION DOCKET NO. A-3065-15T3
JO ANN SICA PAPPALARDO, individually and as Executrix of THE ESTATE OF JOHN E. PAPPALARDO,
Plaintiffs,
v.
PEE WEE PREP, INC., a New Jersey Corporation, PAPPALARDO, an alleged partnership,
Defendants,
NEIL PAPPALARDO and TERESA PAPPALARDO,
Defendants-Appellants,
and
PENTAX SERVICE, INC., ROBERT SZMITKOWSKI, tax preparer/ accountant, THE ESTATE OF LEON SZMITKOWSKI, public accountant, CHASE BANK USA N.A., CITIBANK N.A./CITI AT&T UNIVERSAL MASTERCARD, CAPITAL ONE BANK, ESTATE INFORMATION SERVICES, LLC, Defendants,
GARY NORGAARD, FISCAL AGENT,
Defendant-Respondent.
______________________________________________
Submitted April 25, 2017 – Decided June 2, 2017
Before Judges Reisner and Rothstadt.
On appeal from Superior Court of New Jersey, Law Division, Hudson County, Docket No. L- 0899-14.
James A. Sylvester, attorney for appellants.
Norgaard O'Boyle attorneys for respondent (Cassandra C. Norgaard, on the brief).
PER CURIAM
Defendants, Neil Pappalardo and Teresa Pappalardo, appeal
from the Law Division's February 11, 2016 order1 enforcing the
parties' written settlement agreement and permitting the fiscal
agent, Gary K. Norgaard, to obtain a default judgment against
defendants in the amount of $50,000 based upon their default in
payment. The motion judge determined that based upon the terms
1 Defendants had also appealed from a second order entered by the court on the same date. That order entered a judgment in favor of plaintiffs, Jo Ann Sica Pappalardo and the Estate of John Pappalardo. The parties resolved that appeal and, by stipulation of partial dismissal filed on June 23, 2016, with this court, they agreed to dismiss that appeal.
2 A-3065-15T3 of the written settlement agreement and defendants' testimony
confirming their acceptance and understanding of its terms, the
agreement should be enforced, even though a promissory note
contemplated in the agreement was never signed. On appeal,
defendants argue that the motion judge's findings were not
supported by the record and were otherwise erroneous. In addition,
they contend that, even if the settlement agreement was
enforceable, the motion judge impermissibly altered its terms, and
it was a miscarriage of justice for the judge to allow the fiscal
agent to benefit from his "intransigence and unilateral attempts
to alter the terms of the settlement agreement." We disagree and
affirm.
"On a disputed motion to enforce a settlement," a trial court
must apply the same standards "as on a motion for summary
judgment." Amatuzzo v. Kozmiuk, 305 N.J. Super. 469, 474-75 (App.
Div. 1997). In reviewing the grant or denial of summary judgment,
we apply the same standard that governs the trial court, Townsend
v. Pierre, 221 N.J. 36, 59 (2015), which requires denial of summary
judgment if "the competent evidential materials presented, when
viewed in the light most favorable to the non-moving party, are
sufficient to permit a rational factfinder to resolve the alleged
disputed issue in favor of the non-moving party." Brill v.
Guardian Life Ins. Co. of Am., 142 N.J. 520, 540 (1995).
3 A-3065-15T3 The salient facts, drawn from the competent, evidential
materials and viewed "in the light most favorable to [defendants],
the non-moving part[ies]," Lippman v. Ethicon, Inc., 222 N.J. 362,
367 (2015) (citing Brill, supra, 142 N.J. at 523, 540), were
substantially undisputed and can be summarized as follows.
The parties' concerns a dispute entered on November 5, 2015.
On that date, the motion judge and the parties completed jury
selection for the trial of the underlying corporate dispute that
led to the appointment of the fiscal agent. After jury selection,
the parties informed the judge they had settled the matter, entered
into a settlement agreement, and wished to go over its terms on
the record, with the parties testifying under oath as to their
understanding and acceptance of the agreement.
The written settlement agreement provided in paragraph
thirteen that defendants would deliver to the fiscal agent a
promissory note in the amount of $50,000 that would require
payments at the rate of $650 per month with interest at the rate
of one percent.2 Payments were to be made by "bank check or money
order." Paragraph twenty addressed defaults and stated that
a default as to any provision . . . , including without limitation a failure of payment as
2 The fiscal agent was not a signatory to the agreement but was instead an intended beneficiary of defendants' agreement with plaintiffs to resolve amounts owed for the fiscal agent's fees incurred in the litigation.
4 A-3065-15T3 provided herein which is not cured within five (5) days of the due date shall constitute a default under all terms of this Agreement. Upon default [p]laintiff's counsel may seek the entry of judgment upon submission of an affidavit proving the default.
At the November 5 hearing, defendants and the fiscal agent
testified that they understood the agreement's terms and accepted
them. Theresa Pappalardo and the fiscal agent specifically stated
that they understood that the payments would begin on January 1,
2016.
After the hearing, the parties attempted to agree upon a
promissory note that incorporated the terms of their settlement.
When they could not agree and after the January 1 payment due date
passed, the fiscal agent filed a motion on January 6, 2016, to
enforce the agreement by entering judgment against defendants for
the full amount owed. In his supporting certification, the fiscal
agent asked the court to compel defendants to accept his proposed
form of promissory note, or some variation of it, or order that
the entire balance be accelerated.
Defendants and their attorney filed certifications in
opposition to the fiscal agent's motion. In their January 13,
2016 certifications, they each certified that Neil Pappalardo
tendered the first payment on January 4, 2016, and, according to
Theresa Pappalardo, the fiscal agent cashed the check.
5 A-3065-15T3 The motion judge considered oral argument on January 22,
2016. At the hearing, the fiscal agent confirmed that he had not
received a check from defendants prior to filing his motion to
enforce, but received it on January 15. He advised that it was a
personal check dated January 13, 2016, so, unless the check was
post-dated, defendants had not sent it prior to filing their
certifications. He asserted that, in any event, the check was
late and not in proper form. Defendants' counsel responded by
arguing that the parties had not agreed upon a grace period, but
both forms of proposed notes contained that feature. As a result,
defendants' delay in sending the check was contemplated by the
parties.
On February 11, 2016, the motion judge entered the order
enforcing the settlement agreement and permitting the fiscal agent
to obtain a judgment against defendants.
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NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court." Although it is posted on the internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited. R.1:36-3.
SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY APPELLATE DIVISION DOCKET NO. A-3065-15T3
JO ANN SICA PAPPALARDO, individually and as Executrix of THE ESTATE OF JOHN E. PAPPALARDO,
Plaintiffs,
v.
PEE WEE PREP, INC., a New Jersey Corporation, PAPPALARDO, an alleged partnership,
Defendants,
NEIL PAPPALARDO and TERESA PAPPALARDO,
Defendants-Appellants,
and
PENTAX SERVICE, INC., ROBERT SZMITKOWSKI, tax preparer/ accountant, THE ESTATE OF LEON SZMITKOWSKI, public accountant, CHASE BANK USA N.A., CITIBANK N.A./CITI AT&T UNIVERSAL MASTERCARD, CAPITAL ONE BANK, ESTATE INFORMATION SERVICES, LLC, Defendants,
GARY NORGAARD, FISCAL AGENT,
Defendant-Respondent.
______________________________________________
Submitted April 25, 2017 – Decided June 2, 2017
Before Judges Reisner and Rothstadt.
On appeal from Superior Court of New Jersey, Law Division, Hudson County, Docket No. L- 0899-14.
James A. Sylvester, attorney for appellants.
Norgaard O'Boyle attorneys for respondent (Cassandra C. Norgaard, on the brief).
PER CURIAM
Defendants, Neil Pappalardo and Teresa Pappalardo, appeal
from the Law Division's February 11, 2016 order1 enforcing the
parties' written settlement agreement and permitting the fiscal
agent, Gary K. Norgaard, to obtain a default judgment against
defendants in the amount of $50,000 based upon their default in
payment. The motion judge determined that based upon the terms
1 Defendants had also appealed from a second order entered by the court on the same date. That order entered a judgment in favor of plaintiffs, Jo Ann Sica Pappalardo and the Estate of John Pappalardo. The parties resolved that appeal and, by stipulation of partial dismissal filed on June 23, 2016, with this court, they agreed to dismiss that appeal.
2 A-3065-15T3 of the written settlement agreement and defendants' testimony
confirming their acceptance and understanding of its terms, the
agreement should be enforced, even though a promissory note
contemplated in the agreement was never signed. On appeal,
defendants argue that the motion judge's findings were not
supported by the record and were otherwise erroneous. In addition,
they contend that, even if the settlement agreement was
enforceable, the motion judge impermissibly altered its terms, and
it was a miscarriage of justice for the judge to allow the fiscal
agent to benefit from his "intransigence and unilateral attempts
to alter the terms of the settlement agreement." We disagree and
affirm.
"On a disputed motion to enforce a settlement," a trial court
must apply the same standards "as on a motion for summary
judgment." Amatuzzo v. Kozmiuk, 305 N.J. Super. 469, 474-75 (App.
Div. 1997). In reviewing the grant or denial of summary judgment,
we apply the same standard that governs the trial court, Townsend
v. Pierre, 221 N.J. 36, 59 (2015), which requires denial of summary
judgment if "the competent evidential materials presented, when
viewed in the light most favorable to the non-moving party, are
sufficient to permit a rational factfinder to resolve the alleged
disputed issue in favor of the non-moving party." Brill v.
Guardian Life Ins. Co. of Am., 142 N.J. 520, 540 (1995).
3 A-3065-15T3 The salient facts, drawn from the competent, evidential
materials and viewed "in the light most favorable to [defendants],
the non-moving part[ies]," Lippman v. Ethicon, Inc., 222 N.J. 362,
367 (2015) (citing Brill, supra, 142 N.J. at 523, 540), were
substantially undisputed and can be summarized as follows.
The parties' concerns a dispute entered on November 5, 2015.
On that date, the motion judge and the parties completed jury
selection for the trial of the underlying corporate dispute that
led to the appointment of the fiscal agent. After jury selection,
the parties informed the judge they had settled the matter, entered
into a settlement agreement, and wished to go over its terms on
the record, with the parties testifying under oath as to their
understanding and acceptance of the agreement.
The written settlement agreement provided in paragraph
thirteen that defendants would deliver to the fiscal agent a
promissory note in the amount of $50,000 that would require
payments at the rate of $650 per month with interest at the rate
of one percent.2 Payments were to be made by "bank check or money
order." Paragraph twenty addressed defaults and stated that
a default as to any provision . . . , including without limitation a failure of payment as
2 The fiscal agent was not a signatory to the agreement but was instead an intended beneficiary of defendants' agreement with plaintiffs to resolve amounts owed for the fiscal agent's fees incurred in the litigation.
4 A-3065-15T3 provided herein which is not cured within five (5) days of the due date shall constitute a default under all terms of this Agreement. Upon default [p]laintiff's counsel may seek the entry of judgment upon submission of an affidavit proving the default.
At the November 5 hearing, defendants and the fiscal agent
testified that they understood the agreement's terms and accepted
them. Theresa Pappalardo and the fiscal agent specifically stated
that they understood that the payments would begin on January 1,
2016.
After the hearing, the parties attempted to agree upon a
promissory note that incorporated the terms of their settlement.
When they could not agree and after the January 1 payment due date
passed, the fiscal agent filed a motion on January 6, 2016, to
enforce the agreement by entering judgment against defendants for
the full amount owed. In his supporting certification, the fiscal
agent asked the court to compel defendants to accept his proposed
form of promissory note, or some variation of it, or order that
the entire balance be accelerated.
Defendants and their attorney filed certifications in
opposition to the fiscal agent's motion. In their January 13,
2016 certifications, they each certified that Neil Pappalardo
tendered the first payment on January 4, 2016, and, according to
Theresa Pappalardo, the fiscal agent cashed the check.
5 A-3065-15T3 The motion judge considered oral argument on January 22,
2016. At the hearing, the fiscal agent confirmed that he had not
received a check from defendants prior to filing his motion to
enforce, but received it on January 15. He advised that it was a
personal check dated January 13, 2016, so, unless the check was
post-dated, defendants had not sent it prior to filing their
certifications. He asserted that, in any event, the check was
late and not in proper form. Defendants' counsel responded by
arguing that the parties had not agreed upon a grace period, but
both forms of proposed notes contained that feature. As a result,
defendants' delay in sending the check was contemplated by the
parties.
On February 11, 2016, the motion judge entered the order
enforcing the settlement agreement and permitting the fiscal agent
to obtain a judgment against defendants. On the same date, the
judge placed his reasons on the record in a comprehensive oral
decision. In his decision, the judge reviewed the parties'
testimony from when the settlement was placed on the record,
including their confirmation that they understood that the first
payment was due to the fiscal agent on January 1, 2016. The judge
concluded that the settlement agreement should be enforced as the
parties "knowingly, willingly and purposefully settled the case."
Based on "the only terms of the debt that were presented to the
6 A-3065-15T3 [c]ourt," the judge found that the parties did not dispute "the
amount each party was obligated to pay, the amount of the
defendant[s'] monthly payments, . . . [the] one-percent interest
rate[, and that payments] "were due on the first day of each
month." The judge entered the order and this appeal followed.
We begin our review by acknowledging "New Jersey's strong
public policy in favor of the settlement of litigation," Gere v.
Louis, 209 N.J. 486, 500 (2012), and the enforcement of settlement
agreements like any other contract. Nolan v. Lee Ho, 120 N.J.
465, 472 (1990); see also Pascarella v. Bruck, 190 N.J. Super.
118, 124-25 (App. Div.), certif. denied, 94 N.J. 600 (1983).
In furtherance of the strong policy of enforcing settlements,
"our courts strain to give effect to the terms of a settlement
wherever possible." Brundage v. Estate of Carambio, 195 N.J. 575,
601 (2008) (citation and internal quotation marks omitted).
Therefore, an agreement to settle a lawsuit will be honored and
enforced in the absence of fraud or other compelling circumstances.
Nolan, supra, 120 N.J. at 472. However, unless there is "an
agreement to the essential terms" by the parties, there is no
settlement in the first instance. Mosley v. Femina Fashions,
Inc., 356 N.J. Super. 118, 126 (App. Div. 2002), certif. denied,
176 N.J. 279 (2003); see also Weichert Co. Realtors v. Ryan, 128
N.J. 427, 435 (1992) (holding that if the parties agree on the
7 A-3065-15T3 essential terms and to be bound by those terms, an enforceable
contract has been created).
"[A]n agreement to resolve a matter will be enforced as long
as the agreement addresses the principal terms required to resolve
the dispute." Willingboro Mall, Ltd. v. 240/242 Franklin Ave.,
L.L.C., 421 N.J. Super. 445, 453 (App. Div. 2011), aff'd, 215 N.J.
242 (2013). "Where the parties agree upon the essential terms of
a settlement, so that the mechanics can be 'fleshed out' in a
writing to be thereafter executed, the settlement will be enforced
notwithstanding the fact the writing does not materialize because
a party later reneges." Lahue v. Pio Costa, 263 N.J. Super. 575,
596 (App. Div.) (quoting Bistricer v. Bistricer, 231 N.J. Super.
143, 145 (Ch. Div. 1987)), certif. denied, 134 N.J. 477 (1993).
Applying these guiding principles, we conclude defendants'
arguments are without sufficient merit to warrant further
discussion beyond these brief comments. R. 2:11-3(e)(1)(E). The
material terms of their settlement were set forth in the written
agreement and placed on the record by the parties. We agree with
the motion judge's conclusion that the settlement agreement was
enforceable, and that defendants breached their agreement by
failing to make payment in accordance with those terms. Payment
was due on January 1, 2016, in the form of a money order or bank
check and, considering the default provision of the settlement
8 A-3065-15T3 agreement, payment was made at least five days after the due date
and not in proper form.
Affirmed.
9 A-3065-15T3