NOT DESIGNATED FOR PUBLICATION
STATE OF LOUISIANA COURT OF APPEAL, THIRD CIRCUIT
13-249
JIMMY MURPHY
VERSUS
TRIPLE T’S AUTOMOTIVE REPAIR, ET AL.
**********
APPEAL FROM THE LAKE CHARLES CITY COURT PARISH OF CALCASIEU, DOCKET NO. 12-119 HONORABLE JOHN S. HOOD, CITY COURT JUDGE
ELIZABETH A. PICKETT JUDGE
Court composed of Ulysses Gene Thibodeaux, Chief Judge, Elizabeth A. Pickett, and Shannon J. Gremillion, Judges.
AFFIRMED.
Michael R. Garber Attorney at Law 1801 Ryan St. Lake Charles, LA 70601 (337) 494-5500 COUNSEL FOR DEFENDANTS/APPELLANTS: Triple T’s Automotive Repair Tony Freeman Paul P. Marks Stockwell, Sievert, Viccellio, Clements & Shaddock P. O. Box 2900 Lake Charles, LA 70602 (337) 436-9491 COUNSEL FOR PLAINTIFF/APPELLEE: Jimmy Murphy PICKETT, Judge.
Automotive repair shop appeals judgment awarding plaintiff the value of his
truck that was damaged by fire while on its premises. For the following reasons,
the trial court’s judgment is affirmed.
FACTS
In August 2008, Jimmy Murphy brought his 2004 Ford F-250 diesel truck to
Triple T’s Automotive Repair (Triple T’s) shop, which is owned and operated by
Tony Freeman, to have it repaired. Triple T’s ordered and installed a part, but the
truck did not run properly. Additional diagnostic testing indicated that another part
needed to be replaced. Before the second part could be obtained and replaced, the
truck was vandalized and burned.
Mr. Murphy sued Triple T’s and Mr. Freeman (hereinafter referred to
collectively as Triple T’s) to recover damages resulting from the loss of his truck.
Triple T’s admitted that Mr. Murphy’s truck was parked outside its business and
that it was trying to repair the truck when the truck was set on fire but denied
liability for Mr. Murphy’s damages. Triple T’s also reconvened against
Mr. Murphy to recover for the repairs it had performed on his truck prior to the
fire. After a trial on the merits, the trial judge rendered judgment in favor of
Mr. Murphy, awarding him $14,550.00, together with interest and costs, and
denied Triple T’s reconventional demand at its cost.
DISCUSSION
An appellate court may reverse the findings of the trial court only when a
reasonable factual basis does not exist for the finding and the finding is clearly
wrong or manifestly in error. Stobart v. State, 617 So.2d 880 (La.1993). The task
of the reviewing court is solely to ask whether this fact finder’s resolution of the conflicting evidence was reasonable in light of the record as a whole. Henderson
v. Nissan Motor Corp. U.S.A., 03-606 (La. 2/6/04), 869 So.2d 62.
Deposit
“A deposit is a contract by which a person, the depositor, delivers a movable
thing to another person, the depositary, for safekeeping under the obligation of
returning it to the depositor upon demand.” La.Civ.Code art. 2926. A contract of
deposit is either gratuitous or onerous. La.Civ.Code art. 2928.
Louisiana Civil Code Article 2930 provides:
When the deposit is onerous, the depositary is bound to fulfill his obligations with diligence and prudence.
When the deposit is gratuitous, the depositary is bound to fulfill his obligations with the same diligence and prudence in caring for the thing deposited that he uses for his own property.
Whether the deposit is gratuitous or onerous, the depositary is liable for the loss that the depositor sustains as a result of the depositary's failure to perform such obligations.
Accordingly, an onerous depositary “owes a duty to exercise reasonable care and
to take precautions against reasonably foreseeable danger to deposited property,”
but he is not an insurer of the deposit. Broussard v. Paul Fournet Air Serv., Inc.,
574 So.2d 541, 542 (La.App. 3 Cir.), writ denied, 578 So.2d 934 (La.1991). See
also, Coe Oil Serv., Inc. v. Hair, 283 So.2d 734 (La.1973). The delivery of a car to
a repairman constitutes a compensated deposit. Alexander v. Qwik Change Car
Ctr., Inc., 352 So.2d 188 (La.1977); Kirshner v. Johnson, 521 So.2d 697 (La.App.
1 Cir. 1988). Thus, Triple T’s was a compensated depositary.
The depositor has the burden of proving the contract of deposit and that the
thing was damaged or was not returned. Upon proof of those facts, a presumption
is raised that the loss resulted from lack of due care on the depositary’s part. Alpha
2 Alpha, Inc. v. Southland Aviation, 96-928 (La.App. 3 Cir. 7/9/97), 697 So.2d 1364.
The burden then shifts to the depositary to exonerate himself. National Auto. Ins.
Co. v. Champ’s New Orleans Collision Ctr., LLC, 06-1144 (La.App. 4 Cir.
2/28/07), 954 So.2d 197. A depositary, however, is not an insurer of the property.
Id.; La. Civ.Code art. 2930.
Triple T’s argues that its duty was to use reasonable care as it would with
regard to its own property. It asserts that because Mr. Freeman stored his own
truck and racing trailer on the premises outside the building, it proved that it used
reasonable care with regard to Mr. Murphy’s truck.
A similar situation existed in Coe, 283 So.2d 734, where an airplane that had
been parked on the premises of a private flying service was vandalized and
damaged. In Coe, the supreme court determined the deposit to be onerous. The
defendant cited a fence, lights, and security guard on its premises as being
adequate precautions for the safekeeping of the airplane and as showing it afforded
due care for the airplane. The supreme court concluded, however, that the
defendant’s failure to produce “direct evidence to prove that the cause of the loss
was other than its failure as depositary to safeguard the property” was insufficient
to satisfy its burden as a compensated or onerous depositary to prove that the
plaintiff’s “loss did not result from its fault.” Coe, 283 So.2d 738. See also, Alpha
Alpha, Inc., 697 So.2d 1364.
Pursuant to La.Civ.Code art. 2930 and Coe, 283 So.2d 738, we conclude that
the trial judge did not err in finding Triple T’s failed to prove it was diligent and
prudent when it left Mr. Murphy’s truck parked in front of its business, rather than
secured inside its building or enclosed in the fence behind its building.
3 Notice of Risk
Triple T’s also contends that signs posted on its premises relieved it of
liability. The signs read:
NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR THEFT OR DAMAGE TO VEHICLES
Mr. Murphy testified that he parked his vehicle at front of Triple T’s
building and never saw the signs. Pictures of the signs show they were posted on a
fence gate that was located on the side of the building toward or at the back of the
building. The trial judge determined:
The signs[,] and there are two signs that I see along the gate which would lead a reasonable person to believe that if your vehicle is behind that gate, . . . you’re put on notice by the owner that they accept no responsibility for damage or theft or anything to the extent of the signs. Because they’re on the gate going behind a locked gate, I don’t think that extends to the front of the building.
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NOT DESIGNATED FOR PUBLICATION
STATE OF LOUISIANA COURT OF APPEAL, THIRD CIRCUIT
13-249
JIMMY MURPHY
VERSUS
TRIPLE T’S AUTOMOTIVE REPAIR, ET AL.
**********
APPEAL FROM THE LAKE CHARLES CITY COURT PARISH OF CALCASIEU, DOCKET NO. 12-119 HONORABLE JOHN S. HOOD, CITY COURT JUDGE
ELIZABETH A. PICKETT JUDGE
Court composed of Ulysses Gene Thibodeaux, Chief Judge, Elizabeth A. Pickett, and Shannon J. Gremillion, Judges.
AFFIRMED.
Michael R. Garber Attorney at Law 1801 Ryan St. Lake Charles, LA 70601 (337) 494-5500 COUNSEL FOR DEFENDANTS/APPELLANTS: Triple T’s Automotive Repair Tony Freeman Paul P. Marks Stockwell, Sievert, Viccellio, Clements & Shaddock P. O. Box 2900 Lake Charles, LA 70602 (337) 436-9491 COUNSEL FOR PLAINTIFF/APPELLEE: Jimmy Murphy PICKETT, Judge.
Automotive repair shop appeals judgment awarding plaintiff the value of his
truck that was damaged by fire while on its premises. For the following reasons,
the trial court’s judgment is affirmed.
FACTS
In August 2008, Jimmy Murphy brought his 2004 Ford F-250 diesel truck to
Triple T’s Automotive Repair (Triple T’s) shop, which is owned and operated by
Tony Freeman, to have it repaired. Triple T’s ordered and installed a part, but the
truck did not run properly. Additional diagnostic testing indicated that another part
needed to be replaced. Before the second part could be obtained and replaced, the
truck was vandalized and burned.
Mr. Murphy sued Triple T’s and Mr. Freeman (hereinafter referred to
collectively as Triple T’s) to recover damages resulting from the loss of his truck.
Triple T’s admitted that Mr. Murphy’s truck was parked outside its business and
that it was trying to repair the truck when the truck was set on fire but denied
liability for Mr. Murphy’s damages. Triple T’s also reconvened against
Mr. Murphy to recover for the repairs it had performed on his truck prior to the
fire. After a trial on the merits, the trial judge rendered judgment in favor of
Mr. Murphy, awarding him $14,550.00, together with interest and costs, and
denied Triple T’s reconventional demand at its cost.
DISCUSSION
An appellate court may reverse the findings of the trial court only when a
reasonable factual basis does not exist for the finding and the finding is clearly
wrong or manifestly in error. Stobart v. State, 617 So.2d 880 (La.1993). The task
of the reviewing court is solely to ask whether this fact finder’s resolution of the conflicting evidence was reasonable in light of the record as a whole. Henderson
v. Nissan Motor Corp. U.S.A., 03-606 (La. 2/6/04), 869 So.2d 62.
Deposit
“A deposit is a contract by which a person, the depositor, delivers a movable
thing to another person, the depositary, for safekeeping under the obligation of
returning it to the depositor upon demand.” La.Civ.Code art. 2926. A contract of
deposit is either gratuitous or onerous. La.Civ.Code art. 2928.
Louisiana Civil Code Article 2930 provides:
When the deposit is onerous, the depositary is bound to fulfill his obligations with diligence and prudence.
When the deposit is gratuitous, the depositary is bound to fulfill his obligations with the same diligence and prudence in caring for the thing deposited that he uses for his own property.
Whether the deposit is gratuitous or onerous, the depositary is liable for the loss that the depositor sustains as a result of the depositary's failure to perform such obligations.
Accordingly, an onerous depositary “owes a duty to exercise reasonable care and
to take precautions against reasonably foreseeable danger to deposited property,”
but he is not an insurer of the deposit. Broussard v. Paul Fournet Air Serv., Inc.,
574 So.2d 541, 542 (La.App. 3 Cir.), writ denied, 578 So.2d 934 (La.1991). See
also, Coe Oil Serv., Inc. v. Hair, 283 So.2d 734 (La.1973). The delivery of a car to
a repairman constitutes a compensated deposit. Alexander v. Qwik Change Car
Ctr., Inc., 352 So.2d 188 (La.1977); Kirshner v. Johnson, 521 So.2d 697 (La.App.
1 Cir. 1988). Thus, Triple T’s was a compensated depositary.
The depositor has the burden of proving the contract of deposit and that the
thing was damaged or was not returned. Upon proof of those facts, a presumption
is raised that the loss resulted from lack of due care on the depositary’s part. Alpha
2 Alpha, Inc. v. Southland Aviation, 96-928 (La.App. 3 Cir. 7/9/97), 697 So.2d 1364.
The burden then shifts to the depositary to exonerate himself. National Auto. Ins.
Co. v. Champ’s New Orleans Collision Ctr., LLC, 06-1144 (La.App. 4 Cir.
2/28/07), 954 So.2d 197. A depositary, however, is not an insurer of the property.
Id.; La. Civ.Code art. 2930.
Triple T’s argues that its duty was to use reasonable care as it would with
regard to its own property. It asserts that because Mr. Freeman stored his own
truck and racing trailer on the premises outside the building, it proved that it used
reasonable care with regard to Mr. Murphy’s truck.
A similar situation existed in Coe, 283 So.2d 734, where an airplane that had
been parked on the premises of a private flying service was vandalized and
damaged. In Coe, the supreme court determined the deposit to be onerous. The
defendant cited a fence, lights, and security guard on its premises as being
adequate precautions for the safekeeping of the airplane and as showing it afforded
due care for the airplane. The supreme court concluded, however, that the
defendant’s failure to produce “direct evidence to prove that the cause of the loss
was other than its failure as depositary to safeguard the property” was insufficient
to satisfy its burden as a compensated or onerous depositary to prove that the
plaintiff’s “loss did not result from its fault.” Coe, 283 So.2d 738. See also, Alpha
Alpha, Inc., 697 So.2d 1364.
Pursuant to La.Civ.Code art. 2930 and Coe, 283 So.2d 738, we conclude that
the trial judge did not err in finding Triple T’s failed to prove it was diligent and
prudent when it left Mr. Murphy’s truck parked in front of its business, rather than
secured inside its building or enclosed in the fence behind its building.
3 Notice of Risk
Triple T’s also contends that signs posted on its premises relieved it of
liability. The signs read:
NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR THEFT OR DAMAGE TO VEHICLES
Mr. Murphy testified that he parked his vehicle at front of Triple T’s
building and never saw the signs. Pictures of the signs show they were posted on a
fence gate that was located on the side of the building toward or at the back of the
building. The trial judge determined:
The signs[,] and there are two signs that I see along the gate which would lead a reasonable person to believe that if your vehicle is behind that gate, . . . you’re put on notice by the owner that they accept no responsibility for damage or theft or anything to the extent of the signs. Because they’re on the gate going behind a locked gate, I don’t think that extends to the front of the building.
Nothing in the record shows this finding is unreasonable. Accordingly, we find no
error with it.
Triple T’s cites Palmetto Fire Insurance Co. v. Clark Garage Co., 6 La.App.
420 (Orleans 1927) and Zesiger v. Dean, 247 So.2d 222 (La.App. 4 Cir. 1971), as
support for its position. These cases predate a shift in the jurisprudence that
apparently began with Coe and was followed with the 2003 enactment of
La.Civ.Code art. 2930. The defendant in Coe provided more security for the
plaintiff’s plane than Triple T’s did here, yet the supreme court concluded that the
defendant did not satisfy his obligation as a depositary. Finding Coe dispositive of
Mr. Murphy’s claim against Triple T’s, we find no error with the trial judge’s
determination that Triple T’s is liable for the damage to Mr. Murphy’s truck.
4 Reconventional Demand
Triple T’s contends that the trial judge erred in denying its claim for
reconventional demand because it performed the initial repair on the truck.
Mr. Freeman acknowledged, however, that Mr. Murphy never received the benefit
of the repairs when he testified: “I thought I told him the first part was done” and
Mr. Murphy’s truck “would only run for a few minutes.”
Mr. Freeman’s testimony corroborated Mr. Murphy’s testimony that he was
never told that he could pick up his truck and also established that the truck was
not completely repaired before it was damaged. For these reasons, we find no
error with the trial judge’s denial of the reconventional claim.
DISPOSITION
The judgment of the trial judge is affirmed. All costs are assessed to Triple
T’s Automotive Repair and Tony Freeman.
THIS OPINION IS NOT DESIGNATED FOR PUBLICATION. RULE 2—16.3, UNIFORM RULES—COURTS OF APPEAL.