Mr. Justice Craig
delivered the opinion of the Court:
This was a bill in equity, brought by Thomas Jefferson, in the circuit court of Iroquois county, against Nancy Jefferson, to enforce, the specific performance of a contract for the conveyance of a tract of land in that county, made between Hamilton Jefferson and complainant, and also to compel the defendant, Nancy Jefferson, who had acquired a deed of the land subsequent to the contract, to convey all her right, title and interest in the land to the complainant.
The amended bill alleges, that on .or about the month of May, 1872, one Hamilton Jefferson, father of the complainant, then in full life, but since deceased, and then being indebted to complainant in the sum of $700, entered into a verbal agreement with complainant, that he, the said Hamilton Jefferson, in consideration of the said $700 which he owed complainant, and for the further consideration that complainant would build a house upon the following described land, to-wit, the south-east quarter of the north-west quarter of section 13, township 26, range 14 west of the 2d principal meridian, in Iroquois county, Illinois, he would make and deliver a deed to the said land, together with the northwest quarter of the south-east quarter of said section, township and range aforesaid, when complainant should build said house aforesaid. That the complainant accepted said agreement, and then and there agreed that in consideration of the conveyance to him by deed of the lands aforesaid, by the said Hamilton Jefferson, he would build said house and acquit his said father of the payment of said sum of money. Complainant avers that in pursuance of said agreement, he did, in the fall of 1872, build the said house upon the land first above described, according to the desire and wish of said Hamilton Jefferson, and in 'accordance with said agreement.
Complainant further avers that upon the making of said agreement he took possession of both of said tracts of land, and cultivated them in the year 1872; that upon the completion of said house he moved in and occupied said house for a long space of time, and still has possession thereof; that he set out and cultivated an orchard on the land upon which said house was built, and other valuable improvements made upon both of said tracts of laud. Avers that it was the intention of both the said Hamilton Jefferson and complainant that both of said tracts of land should constitute one farm for the use and benefit of complainant; that the building of said house was for the benefit and improvement of both tracts of land, and that the house so built was worth $400.
Complainant avers that, on the 27th day of October, 1874, the said Hamilton Jefferson and Haney, his wife, without any legal consideration, by deed duly signed, acknowledged and delivered, conveyed to one James C. Savage the lands aforesaid, claimed by complainant, together with other lands; that the consideration in said deed mentioned is one dollar; that on the day and year last aforesaid the said James C. Savage and Letitia C., his. wife, reconveyed said land claimed by complainant, together with the other lands, to Haney Jefferson; that said deed-bears the consideration of one dollar, but complainant avers that there was, in fact, no consideration passed for said deeds; that both the said Savage and the said Haney Jefferson had notice of his rights to said lands so claimed by him as aforesaid; and avers that he has the right to have the legal title in and to said lands which the said Hamilton agreed to convey to him, conveyed to him by the said Haney Jefferson and other defendants.
The defendant, Haney Jefferson, put in an answer to the bill, in which she denied the contract relied upon by complainant and set up in the bill. She admitted that there was no consideration for the deed from Hamilton Jefferson to Savage, but alleges that the object was to place the title to the lands in her; that there was a good and valuable consideration passed from her to her husband for the conveyance. She also denied that she had notice of complainant’s title when "she received a deed for the lands, and set up the Statute of Frauds.
To the answer complainant filed a replication, and the court, on the hearing, rendered a decree requiring the defendant, Nancy Jefferson, to convey the lands described in the bill to complainant, to reverse which she prosecuted this appeal.
It is contended by appellant that the court erred in dismissing .the bill as to the heirs of Hamilton Jefferson. The heirs of Hamilton Jefferson have not joined in this appeal, ■and have made no complaint in regard to the decision of the court in dismissing them out of the case, and as the decision of the court can in no manner prejudice the rights of appellant, she has no right to complain of an error that does her no harm.
It is also contended that the court permitted incompetent testimony to be admitted against the objection of appellant. Although the court may admit incompetent evidence on the trial of acause in equity where there is no jury, the admission of such evidence is no ground for reversing thedecree. Where the record contains competent evidence sufficient to sustain the decree, we will presume the court, on the hearing, rejected all incompetent evidence and rendered the decree upon evidence that was competent.
We now come to the main point in the case, and that is, whether the evidence incorporated in the record is sufficient to sustain the decree.
The complainant, in substance, testified that while he was in the army, he sent to his father, Hamilton Jefferson, $400. He also let his father have a note on one Wiley Short, upon which he collected $300; that in the spring of 1872, Hamilton Jefferson agreed to let him have the eighty acres of land— south-east of north-west and north-west of the south-east quarter of section 13, township 26, range 14,—for the money he had received, if the complainant would build a house upon it; that he would make the deed when the house was built.
The complainant also testified, that in pursuance of the contract he went into possession of the land, and built a house worth $400, and planted out an orchard, and made other improvements. In regard to the fact that complainant let his father have $400 in money while he was in the army, and $300 that was collected of Short, there would seem to be but little doubt, as the fact seems clearly proved by several witnesses who had different conversations with Hamilton Jefferson in regard to the matter. In regard to the fact that Hamilton Jefferson agreed to convey complainant the eighty acres of land in question, upon the consideration stated by complainant, that seems also to be fully proven by the declarations of Jefferson to various persons. .
James Quick, who was requested by Hamilton Jefferson to go with him and look at the house, while complainant was building on the land, said: “ He (Hamilton Jefferson) asked me what I thought of it; I said I thought the work was done all right; it was plain work; he said Tom was building a better house than he expected he would build.
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Mr. Justice Craig
delivered the opinion of the Court:
This was a bill in equity, brought by Thomas Jefferson, in the circuit court of Iroquois county, against Nancy Jefferson, to enforce, the specific performance of a contract for the conveyance of a tract of land in that county, made between Hamilton Jefferson and complainant, and also to compel the defendant, Nancy Jefferson, who had acquired a deed of the land subsequent to the contract, to convey all her right, title and interest in the land to the complainant.
The amended bill alleges, that on .or about the month of May, 1872, one Hamilton Jefferson, father of the complainant, then in full life, but since deceased, and then being indebted to complainant in the sum of $700, entered into a verbal agreement with complainant, that he, the said Hamilton Jefferson, in consideration of the said $700 which he owed complainant, and for the further consideration that complainant would build a house upon the following described land, to-wit, the south-east quarter of the north-west quarter of section 13, township 26, range 14 west of the 2d principal meridian, in Iroquois county, Illinois, he would make and deliver a deed to the said land, together with the northwest quarter of the south-east quarter of said section, township and range aforesaid, when complainant should build said house aforesaid. That the complainant accepted said agreement, and then and there agreed that in consideration of the conveyance to him by deed of the lands aforesaid, by the said Hamilton Jefferson, he would build said house and acquit his said father of the payment of said sum of money. Complainant avers that in pursuance of said agreement, he did, in the fall of 1872, build the said house upon the land first above described, according to the desire and wish of said Hamilton Jefferson, and in 'accordance with said agreement.
Complainant further avers that upon the making of said agreement he took possession of both of said tracts of land, and cultivated them in the year 1872; that upon the completion of said house he moved in and occupied said house for a long space of time, and still has possession thereof; that he set out and cultivated an orchard on the land upon which said house was built, and other valuable improvements made upon both of said tracts of laud. Avers that it was the intention of both the said Hamilton Jefferson and complainant that both of said tracts of land should constitute one farm for the use and benefit of complainant; that the building of said house was for the benefit and improvement of both tracts of land, and that the house so built was worth $400.
Complainant avers that, on the 27th day of October, 1874, the said Hamilton Jefferson and Haney, his wife, without any legal consideration, by deed duly signed, acknowledged and delivered, conveyed to one James C. Savage the lands aforesaid, claimed by complainant, together with other lands; that the consideration in said deed mentioned is one dollar; that on the day and year last aforesaid the said James C. Savage and Letitia C., his. wife, reconveyed said land claimed by complainant, together with the other lands, to Haney Jefferson; that said deed-bears the consideration of one dollar, but complainant avers that there was, in fact, no consideration passed for said deeds; that both the said Savage and the said Haney Jefferson had notice of his rights to said lands so claimed by him as aforesaid; and avers that he has the right to have the legal title in and to said lands which the said Hamilton agreed to convey to him, conveyed to him by the said Haney Jefferson and other defendants.
The defendant, Haney Jefferson, put in an answer to the bill, in which she denied the contract relied upon by complainant and set up in the bill. She admitted that there was no consideration for the deed from Hamilton Jefferson to Savage, but alleges that the object was to place the title to the lands in her; that there was a good and valuable consideration passed from her to her husband for the conveyance. She also denied that she had notice of complainant’s title when "she received a deed for the lands, and set up the Statute of Frauds.
To the answer complainant filed a replication, and the court, on the hearing, rendered a decree requiring the defendant, Nancy Jefferson, to convey the lands described in the bill to complainant, to reverse which she prosecuted this appeal.
It is contended by appellant that the court erred in dismissing .the bill as to the heirs of Hamilton Jefferson. The heirs of Hamilton Jefferson have not joined in this appeal, ■and have made no complaint in regard to the decision of the court in dismissing them out of the case, and as the decision of the court can in no manner prejudice the rights of appellant, she has no right to complain of an error that does her no harm.
It is also contended that the court permitted incompetent testimony to be admitted against the objection of appellant. Although the court may admit incompetent evidence on the trial of acause in equity where there is no jury, the admission of such evidence is no ground for reversing thedecree. Where the record contains competent evidence sufficient to sustain the decree, we will presume the court, on the hearing, rejected all incompetent evidence and rendered the decree upon evidence that was competent.
We now come to the main point in the case, and that is, whether the evidence incorporated in the record is sufficient to sustain the decree.
The complainant, in substance, testified that while he was in the army, he sent to his father, Hamilton Jefferson, $400. He also let his father have a note on one Wiley Short, upon which he collected $300; that in the spring of 1872, Hamilton Jefferson agreed to let him have the eighty acres of land— south-east of north-west and north-west of the south-east quarter of section 13, township 26, range 14,—for the money he had received, if the complainant would build a house upon it; that he would make the deed when the house was built.
The complainant also testified, that in pursuance of the contract he went into possession of the land, and built a house worth $400, and planted out an orchard, and made other improvements. In regard to the fact that complainant let his father have $400 in money while he was in the army, and $300 that was collected of Short, there would seem to be but little doubt, as the fact seems clearly proved by several witnesses who had different conversations with Hamilton Jefferson in regard to the matter. In regard to the fact that Hamilton Jefferson agreed to convey complainant the eighty acres of land in question, upon the consideration stated by complainant, that seems also to be fully proven by the declarations of Jefferson to various persons. .
James Quick, who was requested by Hamilton Jefferson to go with him and look at the house, while complainant was building on the land, said: “ He (Hamilton Jefferson) asked me what I thought of it; I said I thought the work was done all right; it was plain work; he said Tom was building a better house than he expected he would build. In going back we stopped in the road; he said he told Tom if he would build a house and settle himself he would make him a deed to eighty acres of the land, and he marked it off, and said the two forties cornered together.” The same witness in substance said, that in another conversation, some two weeks afterwards, Hamilton Jefferson told him of the money he had received of complainant, and said: “There was an agreement between him and Tom that he was to make Tom a deed for this eighty acres of land that he had described to me, and that Tom was td release him from the money and notes.”
David Wright testified that he had a conversation with Hamilton Jefferson about ten days before his death, in which he said: “ He was going to give Tom eighty acres of land he had built a house on, to pay for the money. I asked him how much money he had of Tom; he said between $700 and $800 in money and notes.”
Spencer Sager, in substance, testified that Hamilton Jefferson told him he had $700 of complainant’s money; that complainant had erected a house, and he was going to convey to him the land.
Other witnesses testified, in substance, to the same facts; but it will not be necessary to refer to their evidence. The evidence seems to fully establish the fact that Hamilton Jefferson received of the complainant $700, and that he agreed to convey the land in question to him if he would build a house upon it, which condition the complainant performed.
There was evidence introduced by the defendant that complainant tried to sell the house he had erected on the land, and that he actually mortgaged it to raise money to go to the Black Hills; and also testimony tending to prove that complainant had received property from Hamilton Jefferson sufficient to pay back the $700. Yet we do not regard the testimony as sufficient to overcome the case made by complainant. The fact that complainant offered to sell the house in 1873 does not necessarily establish the fact that he did not own the land, and the property he received from Hamilton Jefferson seems, from the testimony of complainant, to have been received on other transactions.
It may be contended that the defendant received a conveyance of the land without notice of complainant’s rights, and hence is entitled to be protected as an innocent purchaser. When the defendant took possession of the land, and erected his house, in 1872, the defendant resided upon a part of the farm from which the land in question was taken, and was fully aware of the fact that the defendant had gone into the possession of the land. This, of course, would be sufficient notice to her of defendant’s rights in the property. But in addition to this, it was proven by her own admissions that she knew of the existence of the contract made between Hamilton Jefferson and the complainant. Under such circumstances it is clear that the defendant can not be regarded as a purchaser without notice of complainant’s rights in the land.
But it is contended that the complainant is attempting to enforce a gift;, and that the improvements which he made upon the land were so trivial that they do not raise an equity in his favor. The bill, as will appear upon an examination of its allegations, was not filed to compel the enforcement of a gift, but on the other hand complainant bases his right to a decree upon the fact that he was a purchaser, and we are of opinion that the testimony establishes the fact that complainant bought the land for $700, which he paid, and upon the agreement on his part that he would erect a house upon it, which he did. Here, there was a purchase, the purchase money paid, and possession taken under the contract. Such a contract a court of equity will enforce.
The decree, however, is erroneous in one respect, for which it will have to be reversed. It requires the defendant to convey the land to the complainant and surrender possession to him. Such a decree would bar her right of dower, which can not be done. It is true she claimed the fee, but notwithstanding that she is entitled to dower in the premises, unless she has released it in the mode provided bj1- law. The conveyance from Hamilton Jefferson and wife to Savage, and from Savage to defendant, did not convey the title to the land as against complainant; nor can it be held to cut off defendant’s right of dower. The rights of complainant and the defendant were unaffected by these deeds, but they remain in the same condition as they would if no such deeds had been made.
The decree will be reversed, and the cause remanded, with directions to the circuit court to enter a decree in complainant’s favor, protecting, however, the defendant’s right of dower in the premises.
Decree reversed.